The ethical challenges of artificial intelligence and autonomous objects: a preamble
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26512/lc29202350406Keywords:
Ethic, Artificial intelligence, HumanismAbstract
The ethical challenges raised by the dizzying advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) systems and the autonomous objects that incorporate them into their operation are analyzed. The ethical perspectives underlying the recent commissions created in international bodies (United Nations and European Parliament) to assess the risks of AIs are problematized. It is noted that ethical reflections on AIs are permeated by a consequentialist utilitarianism, since the commissions are generally formed by agents, the majority of whom are directly interested in the advances and profitability of AIs.
Downloads
References
Anderson, M., & Anderson, S. (2014). GenEth: A General Ethical Dilemma Analyzer. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v28i1.8737
Apel, K. O. (1987). L’éthique à l’âge dala science. Presses Universitaires.
Aristóteles. (1967). Obras Completas. Aguilar.
Asimov, I. (2004). Eu, Robô. Aleph.
Boethius, A. M. S. (s.d.) Liber De Persona et Duabus Naturis Contra Eutychen et Nestorium. https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:latinLit:stoa0058.stoa023.perseus-lat1:pr-4/
Griffin, A. (2015, janeiro 12). Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk e outros pedem pesquisas para evitar os perigos da inteligência artificial. Independent, Tecnologia. https://www.independent.co.uk/tech/stephen-hawking-elon-musk-and-others-call-for-research-to-avoid-dangers-of-artificial-intelligence-9972660.html
Habermas, J. (1989). Consciência moral e agir comunicativo.
Habermas, J. (2007). A ética da discussão e a questão da verdade. Martins Fontes.
Hammerschmidt, D. (2002). O Risco na Sociedade Contemporânea e o Princípio da Precaução no Direito Ambiental. Estudos Jurídicos e Políticos, (45), 97-122. https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/sequencia/article/view/15317/13912
Harari, Y. N. (2017). Homo Deus: uma breve história do amanhã. Companhia das Letras.
Heidegger, M. (1983). O fim da filosofia e a tarefa do pensamento. Conferências e escritos filosóficos (Tradução, introduções e notas: Ernildo Stein). Abril Cultural.
Horvitz, E. (2014). One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence: Reflections and Framing. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/AI100_framing_memo.pdf
Hottois, G. (1997). De la Renaissance à la Postmodernité: Une histoire de la philosophie moderne et contemporaine. DE Book.
Howard-Snyder, F. (1994). The Heart of Consequentialism: Philosophical Studies. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4320528
Maturana, R. H., & Varela G. F. (1995). A Árvore do conhecimento: as bases biológicas do entendimento humano. Editorial Psy II.
Maussion, F. (2018, maio 9). Accident mortel en Arizona: le véhicule autonome a détecté le piéton, sans l'éviter. LesEchos. https://www.lesechos.fr/2018/05/accident-mortel-en-arizona-le-vehicule-autonome-a-detecte-le-pieton-sans-leviter-990132
Mcnaughton, D., & Rawling, P. (1991). “Agent-Relativity and the Doing-Happening Distinction”. Philosophical Studies. 63, 167-185. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4320228
Mill, J. S. (2000). O utilitarismo. Iluminuras.
Moser, A., & Lopes, L. F. (2016). Para compreender a teoria do conhecimento. InterSaberes.
Palmer, R. (1989). Hermenêutica. Lisboa: Edições 70.
Perrault, R., Shoham, Y., Brynjolfsson, E., Clark, J., Etchemendy, J., Grosz, B., Lyons, T., Manyika, J., Niebles, J. C., Mishra, S. (2019). The AI Index 2019 Annual Report. AI Index Steering Committee, Human-Centered AI Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA. https://hai.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/ai_index_2019_report.pdf
Pettit, B. M., & Slote, M. (1997). The Consequentialist Perspective in Three Methods of Ethics. Blackwell.
Pico, G. (2015). Discurso pela dignidade do homem. Editora Fi. https://www.fucap.edu.br/dashboard/livros_online/d3a96398e5b6a4ce2d49c05309f9ade7.pdf
Portal ONSV. (2015, julho 15). 90% dos acidentes são causados por falhas humanas, alerta Observatório. Observatório Nacional de Segurança Viária. https://www.onsv.org.br/comunicacao/materias/90-dos-acidentes-sao-causados-por-falhas-humanas-alerta-observatorio
Pouliquen, L. (2019, fevereiro 21). A Inteligência Artificial pode ser ética? Le Figaro. https://www.lefigaro.fr/vox/societe/2019/02/21/31003-20190221ARTFIG00141-l-intelligence-artificielle-peut-elle-etre-ethique.php
Rawls, J. (2000). Uma teoria da Justiça. Martins Fontes, Tempo Brasileiro.
Ricoeur, P. (1989). Do texto à ação: ensaios de hermenêutica II. Porto Rés-Editora.
Russ, J. (1994). La pensée éthique contemporaine. PUF.
Russell, S. (2023). O futuro a longo prazo da IA. https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~russell/research/future/
Russell, S., Dewey, D., & Tegmark, M. (2015). Research Priorities for Robust and Benefcial Artifcial Intelligence. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. Winter. https://futureoflife.org/data/documents/research_priorities.pdf
Sartre, J. P. (1970). Existencialismo é um Humanismo. Les Éditions Nagel. http://www.educadores.diaadia.pr.gov.br/arquivos/File/2010/sugestao_leitura/filosofia/texto_pdf/existencialismo.pdf
Sinnott-Armstrong, W. (2003). Consequencialismo. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/consequentialism/?trk=article-ssr-frontend-pulse_x-social-details_comments-action_comment-text
Soulez, M. (2018, fevereiro 7). IA: um robô criativo é um autor? Ina La Revue des médias. https://larevuedesmedias.ina.fr/ia-un-robot-createur-est-il-un-auteur
Souza, F. (2019, maio 05). Robôs sexuais e produtos da Xiaomi são destaques de eletrônicos em abril. TechTudo. https://www.techtudo.com.br/listas/2019/05/robos-sexuais-e-produtos-da-xiaomi-sao-destaques-de-eletronicos-em-abril.ghtml
Thorbecke, C. (2023, julho 7). Inteligência Artificial provoca demissões na própria indústria que a criou. CNN Brasil. https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/economia/inteligencia-artificial-provoca-demissoes-na-propria-industria-que-a-criou
Vázquez, A. S. (1989). Ética. Civilização Brasileira.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Luís Fernando Lopes, Alvino Moser, André Luiz Moscaleski Cavazzani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
-Authors maintains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication, the work being simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to enter into additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg publish in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
-Authorers are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and the citation of published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
