Esquisse d’une histoire de la traduction en Afrique
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.26512/belasinfieis.v14.n2.2025.53894Mots-clés :
Afrique subsaharienne. Traduction postcoloniale. Tradition orale. Langues vernaculaires. Traducteurs-performeurs.Résumé
Cet article a pour but de dresser l’esquisse d’une histoire de la traduction en Afrique subsaharienne qui couvre les périodes-clé de son histoire ainsi que les principales régions du continent. De l’époque précoloniale à l’époque néocoloniale actuelle, la traduction et l’interprétation ont toujours aidé à faciliter la communication entre divers groupes, que ce soit pour faire le lien entre les souverains et leurs sujets, entre les colonisateurs et les colonisés ou encore, aujourd’hui, entre les communautés linguistiques d’une Afrique hautement multilingue et multiculturelle. La traduction a touché tous les secteurs d’activité en Afrique au cours des siècles, tant sur le plan politique qu’administratif, culturel et religieux. Dans ce contexte, la traduction s’est faite entre diverses combinaisons de langues : arabe, langues africaines et langues européennes. On peut compter aussi des formes traditionnelles de traduction intersémiotique. Tracer une histoire de la traduction en Afrique c’est présenter l’histoire riche et complexe de ce continent, de tous les échanges et contacts qui ont forgé son identité et défini son destin.
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