Adaptation opportunities for water security in Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v11n3.2020.33858Resumen
We sought to identify priorities and adaptation opportunities for water security across the various Brazilian biomes. With ever-growing demand and water-usage, future climate scenarios suggest that further water resources management constraints are to be endured throughout the next two decades. The unbalance between high-quality water demand and availability in a multisectoral usage context (e.g., domestic, industry, agribusiness) highlights the socio-ecological Nexus+ concept's relevance. In this context, the political and cross-institutional articulation and flexibility play a significant role in steering adaptative actions. These challenges in defining action plans, adequately addressed at a multiscale level with inherent climatic uncertainties, are yet to be overcome in Brazilian water resources management.
Â
Descargas
Citas
AGRAWAL, A., & CARMEN LEMOS, M. (2015). Adaptive development. Nature Climate Change, 5(3), 185”“187. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2501
ANA. Atlas Irrigação. Agência Nacional de Águas, 2017.
ANA. Conjuntura dos recursos hídricos no Brasil 2018: informe anual, 2018.
ANA. Conjuntura dos recursos hídricos no Brasil 2019: informe anual / Agência Nacional de Águas. Agência Nacional de Águas, 100, 2019.
ANA. ODS 6 no Brasil: visão da ANA sobre os indicadores. Brasília, Distrito Federal. Agência Nacional de Águas, 2019.
ARAGÃO, L., ANDERSON, L., FONSECA, M., ROSAN, T., VEDOVATO, L., WAGNER, F., SILVA, C., ... SAATCHI, S. 21st Century drought-related fires counteract the decline of Amazon deforestation carbon emissions. Nature Communications, 2018. 9 (1), 1”“12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02771-y
ARAUJO, M., OMETTO, J., RODRIGUES-FILHO, S., BURSZTYN, M., LINDOSO, D., LITRE, G., GAIVIZZO, L., FERREIRA, J., REIS, R., & ASSAD, E. The socio-ecological Nexus+ approach used by the Brazilian Research Network on Global Climate Change. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 39, 62”“70, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2019.08.005
AVILA, M. R. R., & MATTEDI, M. A. Desastre e território: a produção da vulnerabilidade a desastres na cidade de Blumenau/SC. Urbe. Revista Brasileira de Gestão Urbana, 9(2), 187”“202, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-3369.009.002.ao03
BLOOMBERG, M., & HOLLOWAY, C. M. NYC Green Infrastructure Plan: A Sustainable Strategy for Clean Waterways, 2018.
BOELENS, R., HOOGESTEGER, J., & RODRIGUEZ DE FRANCISCO, J. C. Commoditizing Water Territories: The Clash between Andean Water Rights Cultures and Payment for Environmental Services Policies. Capitalism Nature Socialism, 25(3), 2014. 84”“102. https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2013.876867
BOICO, V., & WENDLAND, E. Assessment of the potentiometric drawdown in the Guarani Aquifer System in Bauru / SP by a model of analytical elements. Revista Brasileira de Recursos Hídricos, 23(2), 2018.
BPBES. Relatório Temático Água: Biodiversidade, Serviços Ecossistêmicos e Bem-Estar Humano no Brasil. Aliny P. F. Pires; Vinicius F. Farjalla; Bias M. Faria; Daniel A. Rodriguez; Eli A. T. Gomes; Eldis C. Santos; Federica N. G. A. Sodré; José Sabino; Mariana A. Espécie; Mariana R. C. Pinheiro; Mauro L. Ribeiro; Reinaldo L. Bozelli; Renata F. Panosso; Roger P. Mormul; Ronaldo Barthem; Vinicius Scofield; Viviane Dib (Org.). 1ª edição, São Carlos, SP: Editora Cubo. 120 páginas, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4322/978-65-00-00068-9
BRIENEN, R. J. W., PHILLIPS, O. L., FELDPAUSCH, T. R., GLOOR, E., BAKER, T. R., LLOYD, J., … ZAGT, R. J. Long-term decline of the Amazon carbon sink. Nature, 519(7543), 344”“348, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14283
BRITO, S., CUNHA, A., CUNNINGHAM, C., ALVALÁ, R., MARENGO, J., & CARVALHO, M. Frequency, duration and severity of drought in the Semiarid Northeast Brazil region. International Journal of Climatology, 38(2), 517”“529, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5225
BROWDER, G., OZMENT, S., BESCOS, I. R., & GARTNER, T. Integrating Green and Gray - Creating Next Generation Infrastructure, 2019.
COOK, C., & BAKKER, K. Water security: Debating an emerging paradigm. Global Environmental Change, 22(1), 94”“102. 2012. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.10.011
COUTINHO, S., BURSZTYN, M., & RODRIGUEZ, D. NEXUS+. Sustentabilidade em Debate, 2020.
ENDO, A., TSURITA, I., BURNETT, K., & ORENCIO, P. M. A review of the current state of research on the water, energy, and food nexus. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 11, 20”“30, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.11.010
FERREIRA COSTA, C. G. New Governance Mechanisms Contributing to the Integration of National Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Policies in the Brazilian Amazon. Gestión y Análisis de Políticas Públicas, 135”“151, 2020. https://doi.org/10.24965/gapp.i23.10641
FGV-EAESP/FGVces. Análise dos custos e benefícios das políticas públicas [recursos eletrônicos]: o caso dos instrumentos econômicos para a gestão ambiental (Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo Centro de Estudos em Sustentabilidade (ed.)), 2018.
FRANCA, R. R., & MENDONÇA, F. A. A CHEIA HISTÓRICA DO RIO MADEIRA NO ANO DE 2014: RISCOS E IMPACTOS À SAÚDE EM PORTO VELHO (RO). Revista Brasileira de Geografia Médica e Da Saúde - Hygeia, 11(21), 62”“79, 2015.
FROESE, R., & SCHILLING, J. The Nexus of Climate Change, Land Use, and Conflicts. Current Climate Change Reports, 5(1), 24”“35, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00122-1
GREY, D., & SADOFF, C. W. Sink or Swim?? Water security for growth and development. 9, 545”“571, 2007. https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2007.021
GRIZZETTI, B., LANZANOVA, D., LIQUETE, C., REYNAUD, A., & CARDOSO, A. C. Assessing water ecosystem services for water resource management. Environmental Science and Policy, 61, 194”“203, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.04.008
HOFF, H. Understanding the Nexus. Background paper for the Bonn2011. Nexus Conference: Stockholm Environment Institute, November, 1”“52, 2011.
IPCC. Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems, 2019.
JOLY, C., SCARANO, F. R., BUSTAMANTE, M., GADDA, T., METZGER, J., SEIXAS, C., OMETTO, J., PIRES, A., BOESING, A., SOUSA, F., QUINTÃO, J., GONÇALVES, L., PADGURSCHI, M., DE AQUINO, M., DE CASTRO, P., & DOS SANTOS, I. Brazilian assessment on biodiversity and ecosystem services: Summary for policy makers. Biota Neotropica, 19(4), 2019. https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2019-0865
KUNERT, N., MARIA, L., APARECIDO, T., WOLFF, S., HIGUCHI, N., CARIOCA, A., ARAUJO, D., & TRUMBORE, S. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology A revised hydrological model for the Central Amazon: The importance of emergent canopy trees in the forest water budget. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 239, 47”“57, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.03.002
LAPOLA, D. M., SILVA, J. M. C. D., BRAGA, D. R., CARPIGIANI, L., OGAWA, F., TORRES, R. R., BARBOSA, L. C. F., OMETTO, J. P. H. B., & JOLY, C. A. A climate-change vulnerability and adaptation assessment for Brazil’s protected areas. Conservation Biology, 34(2), 427”“437, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13405
LEMOS, M. C., MANUEL-NAVARRETE, D., WILLEMS, B. L., CARAVANTES, R. D., & VARADY, R. G. Advancing metrics: models for understanding adaptive capacity and water security. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 21, 52”“57, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2016.11.004
LEMOS, M. C., PUGA, B. P., FORMIGA-JOHNSSON, R. M., & SEIGERMAN, C. K. Building on adaptive capacity to extreme events in Brazil: water reform, participation, and climate information across four river basins. Regional Environmental Change, 20(2), 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-020-01636-3
LIEHR, S., RÖHRIG, J., MEHRING, M., & KLUGE, T. How the social-ecological systems concept can guide transdisciplinary research and implementation: Addressing water challenges in central northern Namibia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 9(7), 2017. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071109
MAGRIN, G., MARENGO, J., BOULANGER, J.-P., BUCKERIDGE, M. S., CASTELLANOS, E., POVEDA, ... (Ed.), Climate Change: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (pp. 1499”“1566). Cambridge University Press, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415386.007
MARENGO, J., ALVES, L., ALVALA, R., CUNHA, A., BRITO, S., & MORAES, O. Climatic characteristics of the 2010-2016 drought in the semiarid northeast Brazil region. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 90(2), 1973”“1985, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170206
MARENGO, J., CUNHA, A., NOBRE, C., RIBEIRO NETO, G., MAGALHAES, A., TORRES, R., SAMPAIO, G., ALEXANDRE, F., ALVES, L., CUARTAS, L., DEUSDARÁ, K., & ÁLVALA, R. Assessing drought in the drylands of northeast Brazil under regional warming exceeding 4 °C. Natural Hazards, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-04097-3
MARENGO, J., SOUZA, C., THONICKE, K., BURTON, C., HALLADAY, K., BETTS, R., ALVES, L., & SOARES, W. Changes in Climate and Land Use Over the Amazon Region: Current and Future Variability and Trends. Frontiers in Earth Science, 6, 228, 2018. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2018.00228
MARENGO, J., TORRES, R., & ALVES, L. Drought in Northeast Brazil””past, present, and future. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 129(3”“4), 1189”“1200, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-016-1840-8
MC -IICA. Ministério das Cidades e Instituto Interamericano de Cooperação para a Agricultura ”“ IICA. Avaliação de potencial de reuso . Elaboração de Proposta do Plano de Ações para Instituir uma Política de Reúso de Efluente Sanitário Tratado no Brasil. Interáguas. Programa de Desenvolvimento do Setor Água, 2017.
MILHORANCE, C., & BURSZTYN, M. Climate adaptation and policy conflicts in the Brazilian Amazon: prospects for a Nexus + approach. Climatic Change, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02456-z
MILHORANCE, C., SABOURIN, E., LE COQ, J., & MENDES, P. Unpacking the policy mix of adaptation to climate change in Brazil’s semiarid region: enabling instruments and coordination mechanisms. Climate Policy, 20(5), 593”“608, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2020.1753640
MME. Resenha Energética Brasileira - Exercício de 2018, 2019.
NOBRE, C. A., MARENGO, J. A., SELUCHI, M. E., CUARTAS, L. A., & ALVES, L. M. Some Characteristics and Impacts of the Drought and Water Crisis in Southeastern Brazil during 2014 and 2015. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 08(02), 252”“262, 2016. https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2016.82022
NRC. National Research Council. Water Reuse: Potential for Expanding the Nation’s Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater. National Academy Press, Washington D.C., USA, 2012.
OECD. Water Security for Better Lives, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4594-3_8
PBMC. Impactos, vulnerabilidades e adaptação à s mudanças climáticas. Contribuição do Grupo de Trabalho 2 do Painel Brasileiro de Mudanças Climáticas ao Primeiro Relatório da Avaliação Nacional sobre Mudanças Climáticas, 2017.
RIBEIRO NETO A., DA PAZ A.R., MARENGO J.A. & CHOU S.C. Hydrological Processes and Climate Change in Hydrographic Regions of Brazil. Journal of Water Resource and Protection 08, 1103”“1127, 2016. https://doi.org/10.4236/ jwarp.2016.812087
SAMPAIO, G., BORMA, L., CARDOSO, M., ALVES, L., VON RANDOW, C., RODRIGUEZ, D., NOBRE, C., & ALEXANDRE, F. Assessing the Possible Impacts of a 4 °C or Higher Warming in Amazonia BT - Climate Change Risks in Brazil (CARLOS A NOBRE, J. A. MARENGO, & W. R. SOARES (eds.); pp. 201”“218), 2019. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92881-4_8
SARAIVA, M. A. Avaliação da sustentabilidade do uso da água do aquífero alter do chão na zona urbana de manaus. Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2017.
SCARANO, F. & CEOTTO, P. Brazilian Atlantic forest: impact, vulnerability, and adaptation to climate change. Biodivers Conserv, 24:2319”“2331, 2015. DOI 10.1007/s10531-015-0972-y.
SIMPSON, G. B., & JEWITT, G. P. W. The development of the water-energy-food nexus as a framework for achieving resource security: A review. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 7(FEB), 1”“9, (2019). https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00008
TOMAS, W. M., DE OLIVEIRA ROQUE, F., MORATO, R. G., MEDICI, P. E., CHIARAVALLOTI, R. M., TORTATO, F. R., PENHA, J. M. F., IZZO, T. J., GARCIA, L. C., LOURIVAL, R. F. F., GIRARD, P., ALBUQUERQUE, N. R., ALMEIDA-GOMES, M., ANDRADE, M. H. D. S., ARAUJO, F. A. S., ARAUJO, A. C., ARRUDA, E. C. D., ASSUNÇÃO, V. A., BATTIROLA, L. D., … JUNK, W. J. Sustainability Agenda for the Pantanal Wetland: Perspectives on a Collaborative Interface for Science, Policy, and Decision-Making. Tropical Conservation Science, 12, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940082919872634
UN Water. Water Security and the Global Water Agenda. In A UN-Water Analytical Brief, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(68)90080-2
VAN BEEK, E., & ARRIENS, W. L. Water Security: Putting the Concept into Practice. In Stockholm Environment Institute, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2014.04.022
WATERAID. Water security framework, 2012. WaterAid. https://doi.org/WAT-17
WWC, W. W. C. A Pact for Water Security. In World Water Council, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0368-2048(97)00128-X
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2020 Sustentabilidade em Debate
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
La presentación de la(s) obra(s) científica(s) original(es) por parte de los autores, como titulares de los derechos de autor de los textos enviados a la revista, de conformidad con la Ley 9.610/98, implica la cesión de derechos de autor de publicaciones impresas y/o digitales a la Revista de Sustenibilidad en Debate de los artículos aprobados para fines de publicación, en un único número de la Revista, autorizando también que la(s) obra(s) científica(s) aprobada(s) se divulguen de forma gratuita, sin ningún tipo de reembolso de derechos de autor, a través del sitio web de a Revista, para leer, imprimir y/o descargar el archivo de texto, a partir de la fecha de aceptación para publicación. Por lo tanto, los autores, al presentar los artículos a la Revista y, en consecuencia, la libre cesión de derechos de autor relacionados con el trabajo científico presentado, son plenamente conscientes de que no serán remunerados por la publicación de los artículos en la revista.Â
La Revista está licenciada bajo una licencia no comercial y sin derivaciones Creative Commons (No permite la realización de obras derivadas) 3.0 Brasil, con el propósito de difundir conocimientos científicos, como se indica en el sitio web de la publicación, que permite el intercambio del texto y el reconocimiento de su autoría y publicación original en esta revista.
Los autores pueden asumir contratos adicionales por separado, para la distribución no exclusiva de las obras publicadas en la revista Sustenibilidad en Debate (por ejemplo, en un capítulo de libro), siempre que se indique que los textos se publicaron originalmente en esta revista y que se menciona el DOI correspondiente. Se permite y incentiva a los autores a publicar y distribuir su texto online después de su publicación (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en sus páginas personales).Â
Los autores aceptan expresamente los términos de esta Declaración de Derechos de Autor, que se aplicará a la presentación si es publicada por esta Revista.