PROSOCIAL INTERACTIONS MEDIATED BY OBJECTS AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Abstract
Prosocial interactions among preschoolers frequentlyinvolve the use of objects. Naturalistic studies are then necessary toreveal the variety of interactive patterns as well as indicate somepossible relationships between special kind of objects and behavioralcategories. The present study was devoted to: (a) classify the observedprosocial interactions exhibited by five year olds into a behavioralsystem, and (b) analyse the relationships between behavioral patternsand sex, activities and different type of objects. Besides those found inthe literature, new categories were here considered as prosocial.Object circulation was more frequent than cooperative simultaneoususage of objects. Similar patterns were observed for boys and girls,both having preferences for social exchanges with same sex partners.Important relationships were also found between prosocial behaviorsand specific objects and activities.
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ALTMAN, J. (1 974). Observational study of behavior: Sampling methods. Behavior,
49, 227-265.
ARGYLE, M. (1 972). Non-verbal communication in human social interaction. Em R.
Hinde (Ed.), Non-verbal communication. Nova Iorque: Cambridge University
Press.
BAR-TAL, D. (1976). Prosocial behavior: Theory and research. Washington:
Hemisphere Publishing Corporation.
BAR-TAL, D., & RAVIV, A. (1982). A cognitive-learning model of helping behavior
development: Possible implications and applications. Em N. Eisenberg (Ed.),
The Development of Prosocial Behavior. Londres: Academic Press.
BEACH, F. A. (1 955). The descent of instinct. Psychology cal Review, 62, 401 -41 0.
BRANCO, A. M. U. A. (1978). Estudo etológico do episódio pró-social. Dissertação
de mestrado. Universidade de Brasília. Brasília.
BRINDLEY, C, CLARKE, P., HUTT, С, ROBINSON, I., & WETHLI, E. (1973). Sex
difference in the activities and social interactions of nursery school children.
Em R. P. Michael, & J. H. Crook (Eds.), Comparative ecology and behavior of
primates. Londres: Academic Press.
BRYANT, B. K., & CROCKENBERG, S. B. (1980). Correlates and dimensions of
prosocial behavior: A study of female siblings with their mothers. Child
Development, 51, 529-544.
DURAN, A. P. (1975) Comportamentos sociais como objetivo educacional
Dissertação, de mestrado. Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo.
EISENBERG, N. (1982). Introduction. Em N. Eisenberg (Ed,), The development o
prosocial behavior. Londres: Academic Press.
EISENBERG, N., CAMERON, E.. TRYON, K., & DODEZ, R., (1981). Socialization o
prosocial behavior in the preschool classroom. Developmental Psychology,
77(6), 773-782.
FRIEDRICH, L. K., & STEIN, A. H. (1975). Prosocial television and young children
The effect of verbal labeling and role playing on learning and behavior. Chile
Development, 46,21-38.
HINDE, R. A. (1974). Biological bases of human social behavior. Nova Iorque
McGraw-Hill. ,
HUTT, С (1975). Males and females. Harmondsworth: Pengin Books.
KREBS, D. (1983). Commentary and critique: Sociobiological approaches tc
prosocial development. Em D. L. Bridgeman (Ed.), The nature of prosociai
development. Londres: Academic Press.
PIAGET, J. (1977). Julgamento moral na criança. São Paulo: Ed. Mestre Jou.
PIAGET, J, & INHELDER, B. (1974). Psychologye de /'enfant. Paris: P.U.F.
RACINE, L. (1980). Echange et circulation d'objets dans des groupes d'enfants en
activité libre. Information sur les sciences sociales, 75(3), 543-580.
RADKE-YARROW, M., ZAHN-WAXLER, С & CHAPMAN, M. (1983). Children's
prosocial dispositions and behavior. Em P. H. Mussen (Ed.), Handbook of
Child Psychology, vol. IV: Socialization, Personality and Social Development.
Nova Iorque: Wiley.
RUSHTON, J. P. (1982) Social learning theory and the development of prosocial
behavior. Em N. Eisenberg (Ed.), The development of prosocial behavior.
Londres: Academic Press.
SEVERELY, L G., & DAVIS, К. Е. (1971). Helping behavior among normal and
retarded children. Child Development, 42, 1017-1031.
SKINNER, B. F. (1 957). The experimental analysis of behavior.American Scientific,
45,343-371.
STAUB, E., (1978). Positive social behavior and morality. Nova Iorque: Academic
Press.
STRAYER, F. F., WAREING, S., & RUSHTON, J. P. (1979). Social constraints on
naturally ocorring preschool altruism. Ethology and Sociobiology, 1, 3-11.
TRIVERS, R. L. (1971). The evolution of reciprocal altruism. Quarterly Review of
Biology, 46, 35-37.
WILSON, E. 0. (1975). Sociobiology: The new synthesis. Cambridge, Mass:
Belknap.
WISPÉ, L G. (1972). Positive forms of social behavior: An overview. Journal of
Social Issues, 28, 1 -19.
YARROW, M. R., & WAXLER, С Z. (1976). Dimensions and correlates of prosocial
behavior in young children. Child Development, 41, 118-125.
ZAHN-WAXLER, C, RADKE-YARROW, M., & KING, R. (1979). Child rearing and
children's prosocial initiations toward victims of distress. Child Development,
50, 319-330.
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Published
2012-07-05
How to Cite
del Prette, A., Uchoa Branco, A. M., Ceneviva, M. S. de A. G., Almeida, N. V. F., & Ades, C. (2012). PROSOCIAL INTERACTIONS MEDIATED BY OBJECTS AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 2(3), 245–264. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17004
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