Vulnerabilidade à seca e (i)mobilidade no Nordeste brasileiro: partir ou resistir?
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v10n2.2019.19806Mots-clés :
Secas; Mobilidade; Mudanças Ambientais; Riscos; Semiárido do Nordeste Brasileiro.Résumé
Baseado em um survey com 1.064 domicílios do Seridó potiguar, região do semiárido nordestino, este trabalho discute como os indivíduos ajustam respostas de mobilidade ao perceberem os impactos das estiagens sobre os meios de subsistência. Nossos resultados mostram respostas usualmente de curto prazo envolvendo mobilidade cotidiana ou sazonal em relação à mudança permanente de residência. Também foi possível observar maior participação feminina nesses tipos de mobilidade, o que indica associação com o seu caráter de curta distância. Os programas sociais mostraram grande relevância nesse processo, com a possibilidade de duplo efeito: apoiando famílias sem emigrantes ou subsidiando a emigração de pelo menos um morador. Por fim, conclui-se que a migração e/ou a oferta de trabalho nos espaços urbanos foram ferramentas importantes para as famílias lidarem com o risco ambiental, o que requer instituições fortalecidas para gerenciar os potenciais impactos negativos para as regiões de destino desses indivíduos.
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