Viés Atencional no Abuso de Drogas:
Teoria e Método
Palabras clave:
Viés atencional, Abuso de drogas, Teste emocional de Stroop, Dot-probe taskResumen
O viés atencional pode eliciar fissura, diminuir a concentração em tarefas não relacionadas à droga e aumentar a vulnerabilidade à recaída em dependentes de drogas. O objetivo deste estudo é discutir visões teóricas recentes e principais métodos de investigação do papel do viés atencional nos comportamentos aditivos. Realizou-se busca nas bases de dados Medline, Pubmed e Lilacs. Essa busca revelou que a dot-probe task e o teste emocional de Stroop estão entre os principais métodos de investigação do viés atencional. Também foram apontadas limitações metodológicas nas investigações sobre viés atencional, sugerindo que esse fenômeno deve ser estudado sob condições melhor controladas, que considerem níveis de dependência, privação e fissura. Estudar o viés atencional pode contribuir para identificar mecanismos cognitivos subjacentes aos comportamentos aditivos.
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Bradley, B. P., Moog, K., Wright, T., & Field, M. (2003). Attentional bias in drug dependence: Vigilance for cigarette-related cues in smokers. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 17, 66-72.
Bruce, G., & Jones, B. T. (2004). A pictorial Stroop paradigm reveals an alcohol attentional bias in heavier compared to lighter social drinkers. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 18, 527-33.
Catania, A. C. (1999). Aprendizagem: comportamento, linguagem e cognição (D. D. G. de Souza, Trad.). Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas. (Trabalho original publicado em 1992)
Cox, W. M., Brown, M. A., & Rowlands, L. J. (2003). The effects of alcohol cue exposure on non-dependent drinker’s attentional bias for alcohol-related stimuli. Alcohol & Alcoholism, 38, 45-49.
Cox, W. M., Yeates, N. G., & Regan, M. C. (1999). Effects of alcohol cues on cognitive processing in heavy e light drinkers. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 55, 85-89.
Di Chiara, G. (2000). Role of dopamine in the behavioral actions of nicotine related to addiction. European Journal of Pharmacology, 392, 295-314.
Dobson, K .S., & Dozois, D. J. (2004). Attentional biases in eating disorders: A meta-analytic review of Stroop performance. Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 1001-1022.
Ehrman, R. N., Robbins, S. J., Bromwell, M. A., Lankford, M. E., Monterosso, J. R., & O’Brien, C. P. (2002). Comparing attentional bias to smoking cues in current smokers, former smokers, and non-smokers using a dot-probe task. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 67, 185-191.
Everitt, B. J., Dickinson, A., & Robbins, T. W. (2001). The neuropychological basis of addictive behavior. Brains Research Review, 36, 129-138.
Field, M., & Cox, W. M. (2008). Attentional bias in addictive behaviors: A review of its development, causes, and consequences. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97, 1-20.
Field, M., Mogg, K., & Bradley, B. P. (2004a). Cognitive bias and drug craving in recreational cannabis users. Drug Alcohol Dependence, 74, 105-11.
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Lubman, D. I., Peters, L. A., Mogg, K., Bradley, B. P., & Deakin, J. F. W. (2000). Attentional bias for drug cues in opiate dependence. Psychological Medicine, 30, 169-175.
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Robbins, S., & Ehrman, R. (2004). The role of attentional bias in substance abuse. Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews, 3, 243-260.
Robinson, T., & Berridge, K. (1993). The neural basis of drug craving: An incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. Brain Research Reviews, 18, 247-291.
Robinson, T., & Berridge, K. (2003). Addiction. Annual Reviews Psychology, 54, 25-53.
Sayette, M. A., Martin, C. S., Wertz, J. M., Shiffman, S., & Perrot, M. A. (2001). A multi-dimensional analysis of cue-elicited craving in heavy smokers and tobacco chippers. Addiction, 96, 1419-1432.
Schoenmakers, T., Wiers, R., Jones, B., Bruce, G., & Jansen, A. (2007). Attentional re-training decreases attentional bias in heavy drinkers without generalization. Addiction, 102, 399-405.
Sharma, D., Albery, I. P., & Cook, C. (2001). Selective attentional bias to alcohol related stimuli in problem drinkers and non-problem drinkers. Addiction, 96, 85-295.
Siegel, S. (1979). The role of conditioning in drug tolerance and addiction. Em J. D. Keehn (Ed.), Psychopathology in animals: Treatment and research implications (pp. 143-168). New York: Academic Press.
Stewart, J., deWit, H., & Eikelboom, R. (1984). The role of unconditioned and conditioned drug effects in the self-administration of opiates and stimulants. Psychological Review, 91, 251-268.
Stormark, J. M., Laberg, J. C., Nordby, H., & Hugdahl, K. (2000). Alcoholics` selective attention to alcohol stimuli: Automated processing? Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 61, 18-23.
Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643-662.
Tiffany, S. (1990). A cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behavior: Role of automatic and non-automatic processes. Psychological Review, 97, 147-168.
Townshed, J. M., & Duka, T. (2001). Attentional bias with alcohol cues: Differences between heavy and occasional social drinkers. Psychopharmacology, 157, 67-74.
Waters, A. J., Sayette, M. A., & Wertz, J. M. (2003). Carry-over effects can modulate emotional Stroop effects. Cognition and Emotion, 17, 501-509.
Waters, H., & Green, M. (2003). A demonstration of attentional bias, using a novel dual task paradigm, towards clinically salient material in recovering alcohol abuse patients? Psychological Medicine, 33, 491-498.
Williams, J. M., Mathews, A., & MacLeod, C. (1996). The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology. Psychological Buletinl, 120, 3-24.
Bradley, B. P., Moog, K., Wright, T., & Field, M. (2003). Attentional bias in drug dependence: Vigilance for cigarette-related cues in smokers. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 17, 66-72.
Bruce, G., & Jones, B. T. (2004). A pictorial Stroop paradigm reveals an alcohol attentional bias in heavier compared to lighter social drinkers. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 18, 527-33.
Catania, A. C. (1999). Aprendizagem: comportamento, linguagem e cognição (D. D. G. de Souza, Trad.). Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas. (Trabalho original publicado em 1992)
Cox, W. M., Brown, M. A., & Rowlands, L. J. (2003). The effects of alcohol cue exposure on non-dependent drinker’s attentional bias for alcohol-related stimuli. Alcohol & Alcoholism, 38, 45-49.
Cox, W. M., Yeates, N. G., & Regan, M. C. (1999). Effects of alcohol cues on cognitive processing in heavy e light drinkers. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 55, 85-89.
Di Chiara, G. (2000). Role of dopamine in the behavioral actions of nicotine related to addiction. European Journal of Pharmacology, 392, 295-314.
Dobson, K .S., & Dozois, D. J. (2004). Attentional biases in eating disorders: A meta-analytic review of Stroop performance. Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 1001-1022.
Ehrman, R. N., Robbins, S. J., Bromwell, M. A., Lankford, M. E., Monterosso, J. R., & O’Brien, C. P. (2002). Comparing attentional bias to smoking cues in current smokers, former smokers, and non-smokers using a dot-probe task. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 67, 185-191.
Everitt, B. J., Dickinson, A., & Robbins, T. W. (2001). The neuropychological basis of addictive behavior. Brains Research Review, 36, 129-138.
Field, M., & Cox, W. M. (2008). Attentional bias in addictive behaviors: A review of its development, causes, and consequences. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 97, 1-20.
Field, M., Mogg, K., & Bradley, B. P. (2004a). Cognitive bias and drug craving in recreational cannabis users. Drug Alcohol Dependence, 74, 105-11.
Field, M., Mogg, K., & Bradley, B. P. (2004b). Eye movements to smoking cues: Effects of nicotine deprivation. Psychopharmacology, 173, 116-123.
Field, M., Mogg, K., Zatteler, J., & Bradley, B. (2004). Attentional biases for alcohol cues in heavy and light social drinkers: The roles of initial orienting and maintained attention. Psychoparmacology, 176, 88-93.
Johnsen, H. B., Laberg, C. J., Cox, M. W., Vaksdal, A., & Hugdahl, K. (1994). Alcoholic subjects’ attentional bias in the processing of alcohol-related words. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 8, 111-115.
Lopes, F. M., Peuker, A.C., & Bizarro, L. (2008). Viés atencional em fumantes. Psico (PUCRS), 39, 382-390.
Lubman, D. I., Peters, L. A., Mogg, K., Bradley, B. P., & Deakin, J. F. W. (2000). Attentional bias for drug cues in opiate dependence. Psychological Medicine, 30, 169-175.
Lusher, J., Chandler, C., & Ball, D. (2004). Alcohol dependence and the alcohol Stroop paradigm: Evidence and issues. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 75, 225-231.
Marlatt, G. A. (1985). Cognitive factors in relapse process. Em G. A. Marlatt & J. R. Gordon (Orgs.), Relapse prevention (pp. 128-200). New York: Guilford.
McLeod, C., Mathews, A., & Tata, P. (1986). Attentional bias in emotional disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 15-20.
Mineka, S., & Sutton, S. K. (1992). Cognitive biases and the emotional disorders. Psychological Science, 3, 65-69.
Mogg, K., Bradley, B. P., Field, M., & De Houwer, J. (2003). Eye movements to smoking related pictures in smokers: Relationship between attentional biases and implicit and explicit measures of stimulus valence. Addiction, 98, 825-836.
Mogg, K. & Bradley, B. P. (1992). Selective processing of smoking-related cues in smokers: Manipulation of deprivation level and comparison of three measures of processing bias. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 16, 385-392.
Mogg, K., Field, M., & Bradley, B. P. (2005). Attentional and approach biases for smoking cues in smokers: An investigation of competing views of addiction. Psychopharmacology, 180, 333-341.
Mogg, K., Mathews, A., & Eysenck, M. (1992). Attentional bias to threat in clinical anxiety states. Cognition and Emotion, 6, 149-159.
Monti, P. M., Kadden, R. M., Rohsenow, D. J, Cooney, N. L., & Abrams, D. B. (2005). Tratando a dependência de álcool. Um guia de treinamento das habilidades de enfrentamento (M. G. Armando, Trad.). São Paulo: Roca. (Trabalho original publicado em 2002)
O’Brien, C. P., Childress, A. R., Ehrman, R., & Robbins, S. J. (1998). Conditioning factors in drug abuse: Can they explain compulsion? Journal of Psychopharmacology, 12, 15-22.
Robbins, S., & Ehrman, R. (2004). The role of attentional bias in substance abuse. Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews, 3, 243-260.
Robinson, T., & Berridge, K. (1993). The neural basis of drug craving: An incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. Brain Research Reviews, 18, 247-291.
Robinson, T., & Berridge, K. (2003). Addiction. Annual Reviews Psychology, 54, 25-53.
Sayette, M. A., Martin, C. S., Wertz, J. M., Shiffman, S., & Perrot, M. A. (2001). A multi-dimensional analysis of cue-elicited craving in heavy smokers and tobacco chippers. Addiction, 96, 1419-1432.
Schoenmakers, T., Wiers, R., Jones, B., Bruce, G., & Jansen, A. (2007). Attentional re-training decreases attentional bias in heavy drinkers without generalization. Addiction, 102, 399-405.
Sharma, D., Albery, I. P., & Cook, C. (2001). Selective attentional bias to alcohol related stimuli in problem drinkers and non-problem drinkers. Addiction, 96, 85-295.
Siegel, S. (1979). The role of conditioning in drug tolerance and addiction. Em J. D. Keehn (Ed.), Psychopathology in animals: Treatment and research implications (pp. 143-168). New York: Academic Press.
Stewart, J., deWit, H., & Eikelboom, R. (1984). The role of unconditioned and conditioned drug effects in the self-administration of opiates and stimulants. Psychological Review, 91, 251-268.
Stormark, J. M., Laberg, J. C., Nordby, H., & Hugdahl, K. (2000). Alcoholics` selective attention to alcohol stimuli: Automated processing? Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 61, 18-23.
Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643-662.
Tiffany, S. (1990). A cognitive model of drug urges and drug-use behavior: Role of automatic and non-automatic processes. Psychological Review, 97, 147-168.
Townshed, J. M., & Duka, T. (2001). Attentional bias with alcohol cues: Differences between heavy and occasional social drinkers. Psychopharmacology, 157, 67-74.
Waters, A. J., Sayette, M. A., & Wertz, J. M. (2003). Carry-over effects can modulate emotional Stroop effects. Cognition and Emotion, 17, 501-509.
Waters, H., & Green, M. (2003). A demonstration of attentional bias, using a novel dual task paradigm, towards clinically salient material in recovering alcohol abuse patients? Psychological Medicine, 33, 491-498.
Williams, J. M., Mathews, A., & MacLeod, C. (1996). The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology. Psychological Buletinl, 120, 3-24.
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Publicado
2010-02-09
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Peuker, A. C., Lopes, F. M., & Bizarro, L. (2010). Viés Atencional no Abuso de Drogas:: Teoria e Método. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 25(4), 603. Recuperado a partir de https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17437
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Artigos Metodológicos
