Ensaios não destrutivos, digitalização e gêmeos digitais em edifícios históricos: uma revisão sistemática

Julia Amancio Fonseca; Rachel Jardim Martini Santos; Rogerio Cabral de Azevedo

doi:10.18830/1679-09442026v19e60423

Autores

Julia Amancio Fonseca Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais; Departamento de Engenharia Civil; Programa de pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4671-1358
Rachel Jardim Martini Santos Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais; Departamento de Engenharia Civil; Programa de pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-0532
Rogerio Cabral de Azevedo Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais; Departamento de Engenharia Civil; Programa de pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1276-9602

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18830/1679-09442026v19e60423

Palavras-chave:

Ensaios não destrutivos, Monitoramento, Patrimônio construído, Metodologia PRISMA, Revisão sistemática

Resumo

A preservação do patrimônio construído é uma prática essencial, pois esses bens reúnem valores históricos, culturais e técnicos cuja degradação ou perda compromete, de forma irreversível, a memória coletiva. As edificações de interesse histórico exigem inspeções e monitoramentos constantes que, em muitos casos, não devem causar alterações ou danos em sua estrutura. Diante disso, este artigo busca investigar técnicas para acompanhamento da saúde de edificações de interesse histórico. Para isto, empregou-se o método Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), que orientou a seleção e a análise dos artigos científicos, permitindo a elaboração de uma revisão sistemática de literatura (RSL) de forma estruturada. O enfoque da pesquisa foi nos ensaios não destrutivos e nas técnicas de digitalização e criação de gêmeos digitais, que se relacionam diretamente aos estudos de caracterização e documentação do patrimônio construído. Os resultados revelaram que a inspeção visual, o Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) e a Termografia Infravermelha (IRT) são amplamente utilizados para a caracterização de edifícios históricos. A digitalização para a criação de gêmeos digitais no patrimônio construído vem sendo realizada por meio de fotografias, fotogrametria e varredura a laser móvel, com o intuito de monitorar processos de deterioração, entre outras contribuições para a área da conservação.

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Biografia do Autor

Julia Amancio Fonseca, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais; Departamento de Engenharia Civil; Programa de pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil.

Pesquisadora do Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Civil (PPGEC), do CEFET/MG, com ênfase em Construção Sustentável, no âmbito de Caracterização de Edifícios Históricos.

Rachel Jardim Martini Santos, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais; Departamento de Engenharia Civil; Programa de pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil.

Possui graduação em Engenharia Civil pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (2011), mestrado em Engenharia Civil pelo Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais (2014) e doutorado em Programa Doutoral em Engenharia Civil pela Universidade do Porto (2019). Professora efetiva do Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais - Unidade Curvelo, integrante do Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Meio Ambiente (DECMA/CEFET-MG), desde 2016. Atualmente está como vice coordenadora do Curso de Engenharia Civil do Campus Curvelo. Tem experiência na área de Engenharia Civil, com ênfase em reabilitação de patrimônio, atuando principalmente com métodos de ensaio não-destrutivos (NDT). Pesquisadora líder do Grupo de Pesquisa LAR - Laboratório de Avaliação e Reabilitação de Ambiente Construído, certificado pelo CEFET-MG.

Rogerio Cabral de Azevedo, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais; Departamento de Engenharia Civil; Programa de pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil.

Doutorado em Engenharia Civil pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (Gerenciamento de riscos na construção civil) em 2013. Mestrado em Engenharia Civil pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC (Avaliação de desempenho e indicadores de qualidade na construção civil) em 2009. Graduado em Engenharia Elétrica pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (1984). Professor Titular do Departamento de engenharia de Produção Civil do Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais (CEFET-MG). Tem experiência na área de Engenharia Civil, com ênfase em avaliação de desempenho e gerenciamento de riscos. Atua principalmente nos seguintes temas: Avaliação de Desempenho, Avaliação e gerenciamento de riscos, Gerenciamento e análise de informações e Armazenamento de grande volume de dados (sistemas de Data warehouse). Professor do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil do CEFET-MG e do curso de Engenharia de Produção Civil do CEFET-MG

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