Aspectos culturais para adaptação aos impactos das mudanças climáticas nos Serviços Ecossistêmicos em um estudo de caso da Amazônia Central

Autores

  • Moara Almeida Canova Ph.D. in Environment and Society, Researcher, Center for Meteorological and Climatic Research Applied to Agriculture (Cepagri), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3681-5108
  • Jaqueline Nichi Master’s degree in Sustainability, PhD Student, Center for Environmental Studies and Research (Nepam), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7553-5008
  • Amasa Ferreira Carvalho Master’s degree in Environmental Sciences, PhD Student, Center for Environmental Studies and Research (Nepam), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7815-9968
  • Niklas Werner Weins PhD in Environment and Society, Researcher, Center for Environmental Studies and Research (Nepam), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1345-6720
  • Marcelo Rezende Calça Soeira Master’s Degree in Urban Infrastructure Systems, Ph.D. student, Center for Environmental Studies and Research (Nepam), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8602-1360
  • Sonia Regina da Cal Seixas PhD in Social Sciences, Senior researcher, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5117-7194

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v14n2.2023.45461

Palavras-chave:

mudanças climáticas, serviços ecossistêmicos culturais, estratégias adaptativas, cidades periurbanas, comunidades resilientes

Resumo

A adaptação climática tende a enfrentar resistências ou produzir efeitos adversos, se for testada apenas nos modelos científicos generalistas, ignorando seus efeitos na cultura, valores e visões de mundo das comunidades locais. Este artigo investiga como a mudança climática tem ameaçado a subsistência e as dimensões culturais das comunidades periurbanas na Amazônia Central. A análise é baseada na teoria cultural do risco na adaptação climática e suas relações com os serviços ecossistêmicos (SE) locais. Neste estudo de caso, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com moradores de três cidades da Área Metropolitana de Manaus-Brasil. Devido à sua dieta ser fortemente baseada em alimentos nativos, os resultados mostram como as comunidades amazônicas estão adaptando seus hábitos alimentares em resposta às mudanças climáticas e ambientais ao declínio no ES na categoria de segurança alimentar (ou seja, na classe de abastecimento ES). Além disso, esses serviços têm valor cultural relevante (ou seja, serviços culturais). A redução do ES influencia as estratégias de adaptação em meio ao desmonte das atuais políticas ambientais. Com isso, essas comunidades passaram a adotar modos de produção e consumo industrializados, como a adoção de produtos derivados da pecuária, cuja produção é a principal causadora das emissões de gases de efeito estufa no Brasil. Portanto, o caso estudado demonstra como a adaptação climática pode pressionar e corroer as culturas locais, quando estas seguem a lógica da urbanização globalizada.

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Biografia do Autor

Moara Almeida Canova, Ph.D. in Environment and Society, Researcher, Center for Meteorological and Climatic Research Applied to Agriculture (Cepagri), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil

Ecologist and MSc by Graduate Program in Ecology and Biodiversity, both at Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP, Rio Claro) with a specialization in agri-environmental systems and local communities at Center for Ecology & Hydrology - Scotland, Edinburgh (UK). My master’s dissertation involved exploring ways to operationalize these services through identification, quantification, and valuation within both rural and urban contexts. Based on this, I aimed to propose public policies and incentive instruments for preservation that facilitate a synergistic potential between land use, environmental protection, and human well-being. I am Ph.D in Enviroment and Society and work in the field of Global Ecology: Climate Change, Public Policies and Amazonia, focusing on the theme of Ecosystem Services/Environmental Services.  For these studies, I adopt socio-ecological approaches and employ participatory methods with various interest groups, including small-scale farmers, medium and large-scale farmers, and decision-makers.

Jaqueline Nichi, Master’s degree in Sustainability, PhD Student, Center for Environmental Studies and Research (Nepam), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazi

Journalist and social scientist. MSc in Sustainability from EACH-USP. Researcher at the Laboratory of Social Dimensions of Global Environmental Changes in the Southern Hemisphere (LABGEC) linked to the Center for Environmental Studies and Research (NEPAM) at UNICAMP, in partnership with the Institute of Philosophy and Human Sciences (IFCH).

Amasa Ferreira Carvalho, Master’s degree in Environmental Sciences, PhD Student, Center for Environmental Studies and Research (Nepam), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil

Ph.D student in Environment and Society, Researcher, Center for Environmental Studies and Research (NEPAM), Universidade de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Niklas Werner Weins, PhD in Environment and Society, Researcher, Center for Environmental Studies and Research (Nepam), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil

Ph.D in Environment and Society, researcher at the Center for Environmental Studies and Research (NEPAM) at the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil. MA in Technology and Society from UTFPR, Curitiba, Brazil. BA in Economics and Politics of East Asia from Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany with research stays at Tongji University, Shanghai and Metropolitan Autonomous University of Mexico City, Mexico.

Marcelo Rezende Calça Soeira, Master’s Degree in Urban Infrastructure Systems, Ph.D. student, Center for Environmental Studies and Research (Nepam), University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil

MSc in Urban Infrastructure Systems from the Pontifical Catholic University, Campinas. PhD Student developing research about Global Environmental Changes and Sustainability, with the thesis entitled "Socio-environmental vulnerability to heat: a multi-scale, multi-level and multi-actor intervention approach".

Sonia Regina da Cal Seixas, PhD in Social Sciences, Senior researcher, University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas, SP, Brazil

Biologist from the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, MSc in Sociology and PhD in Social Sciences from Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Postdoctoral fellow at University of Reading/UK. Currently a researcher at the Universidade Estadual de Campinas. She has experience in Sociology, acting on the following subjects: global environmental changes, quality of life and subjectivity

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Publicado

2023-08-31

Como Citar

Canova, M. A., Nichi, J., Carvalho, A. F., Weins, N. W., Soeira, M. R. C., & Seixas, S. R. da C. (2023). Aspectos culturais para adaptação aos impactos das mudanças climáticas nos Serviços Ecossistêmicos em um estudo de caso da Amazônia Central. Sustainability in Debate, 14(2), 68–83. https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v14n2.2023.45461