Regulating the Access to Genetic Resources in Brazil:

Suggestions for a New Scenario

Authors

  • Nilo Luiz Saccaro-Junior Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v4n2.2013.9167

Keywords:

Biodiversity, Genetic resources, Bioprospecting, Traditional knowledge

Abstract

The relationship between the use of genetic resources, social justice and biodiversity conservation
has proved to be one of the main matters in current environmental issues. Brazil exercises a
leadership role in international debates about genetic resources and is a pioneer in the creation
of a specific internal regulation. This, however, has been strongly criticized by the stakeholders,
as well as the lack of incentive for biodiversity research in this country. This paper discusses some
of the main conflicting points and how a new scenario of control and promotion can overcome
them, based on the regulatory experience since the creation of the current regulatory framework
and national indicators available in research with Brazilian species. The suggestions are based
on three pillars: a new relationship between government and bioprospectors, guided by
encouraging legal activities; a diffuse distribution of benefits, with simple rules, being able to
capture some profit from bioprospecting; and a synergy between the existence of traditional/
indigenous communities and biodiversity maintenance.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Nilo Luiz Saccaro-Junior, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada

Diretoria de Estudos Urbanos, Regionais e Ambientais - IPEA

References

AZEVEDO, C. M. A.. A regulamentação do acesso aos recursos genéticos e aos
conhecimentos tradicionais associados no Brasil. Biota Neotropica, Campinas, v. 5,
n. 1, 2005.
BARREIRO, E. J.. Biodiversidade: fonte potencial para a descoberta de fármacos.
Química Nova, v. 32, n. 3, p. 679-688, 2009.
BISHOP, J. et al.. Building Biodiversity Business. Shell International Limited and the
International Union for Conservation of Nature: Londres, Reino Unido e Gland, Suíça,
2008.
BRASIL. Casa Civil. Consulta Pública. Brasília, 2008. Disponível em: <http://
www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/consulta_publica/consulta_biologica.htm>. Acesso
em: 30/07/2010.
BRASIL. Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA). Secretaria de Biodiversidade e Florestas
(SBF). Departamento do Patrimônio Genético (DPG). Relatório de Atividades 2009.
Brasília, 2010a. Disponível em: <http://www.mma.gov.br/estruturas/222/_arquivos/
relatorio_de_atividades_2009_222>. Acesso em: 12/09/2013.
BRASIL. Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA). Calendário informativo: patrimônio
genético e conhecimentos tradicionais associados à biodiversidade. Brasília, 2010b.
Disponível em: <http://www.mma.gov.br/sitio/
index.php?ido=publicacao.publicacoesPorSecretaria&idEstrutura=150>. Acesso em:
15/09/2013.
BRASIL. Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Comissão Econômica para
America Latina e Caribe (CEPAL) e Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale
Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). Avaliação do Plano de Ação para Prevenção e Controle do
Desmatamento na Amazônia Legal (PPCDAm 2007-2010). Brasília, 2011.
BRASIL. MMA. Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Secretaria de Biodiversidade e
Florestas, Departamento do Patrimônio Genético. Relatório de Atividades 2011.
Brasília, 2012. Disponível em: http://www.mma.gov.br/patrimonio-genetico/
conselho-de-gestao-do-patrimonio-genetico/relatorios-de-atividades. Acesso em:
08/10/2012.
CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY (CDB). History of the Convention.
Disponível em: <http://www.cbd.int/history/>. Acesso em: 11 set. 2012.
CLEMENT, C. R.. Um pote de ouro no fim do arco-íris? O valor da biodiversidade e do
conhecimento tradicional associado, e as mazelas da lei de acesso ”“ uma visão e
proposta a partir da Amazônia. Amazônia: Ciência & Desenvolvimento, Belém, v. 3,
n. 5, p. 7-28, 2007.
DAUDA, B.; DIERICKX, K.. Benefit sharing: an exploration on the contextual discourse
of a changing concept. BMC Medical Ethics, v. 14, n. 36, 2013.
DIAS, C. C.; COSTA, M. C.. Cooperação Internacional e Bioprospecção no Brasil e no
Peru. Revista Eletrônica de Comunicação, Informação e Inovação em Saúde, v. 1, n.
1, p. 123-127, Rio de Janeiro, 2007.
DUTFIELD, G.. Protecting Traditional Knowledge: Pathways to the Future. Issue Paper
No. 16 - ICTSD Programme on IPRs and Sustainable Development, Genebra, Suíça,
2006.
FRAXE-NETO, H. J.. Serviços e bens fornecidos pelos ecossistemas: Conservação
da natureza como estratégia de desenvolvimento. Texto para discussão do Núcleo
de Estudos e Pesquisas do Senado. Brasília, 2012.
GOMES, G. G.. Biodiversidade como fonte de desenvolvimento para a indústria
farmacêutica: Uma análise crítica ao atual marco regulatório de Acesso e Repartição
de Benefícios. Trabalho de conclusão de curso. Escola Superior de Guerra: Rio de
Janeiro, 2011.
GUIMARÃES, A. F.. Marketing verde e a propaganda ecológica. ComCiência, n. 136,
2012. Disponível em: <http://comciencia.scielo.br/
scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S151976542012000200010&lng=es&nrm=iso>.
Acesso em 20/10/2013.
INTERCONTINENTAL MARKETING SERVICES (IMS). Health. Disponível em: <http://
www.imshealth.com/portal/site/imshealth>. Acesso em: 15/06/2010.
MARIUZZO, P.. Legislação ainda não garante a repartição de benefícios. Ciência e
Cultura. v. 65, n. 1, São Paulo, 2013.
NKHATA, B. A.; MOSIMANE, A..; DOWNSBOROUGH, L.; BREEN, C.;ROUX, D. J. A
typology of benefit sharing arrangements for the governance of social-ecological
systems in developing countries. Ecology and Society, v. 17, n. 1, 2012.
PATERSON, I.; ANDERSON, E.. A.. The Renaissance of Natural Products as Drug
Candidates. Science, v. 310, p. 451-453, 2005.
REZAIE, R. et al.. Brazilian health biotech: fostering crosstalk between public and
privatesectors. Nature Biotechnology, v. 26, n. 6, p. 627-644, 2008.
SACCARO Jr, N. L.. A regulamentação de acesso a recursos genéticos e repartição
de benefícios: disputas dentro e fora do Brasil. Ambiente e Sociedade. vol.14, no.1.
Campinas, 2011.
TAMAYO, G.; GUEVARA, L.; GAMEZ, R. BiodiversityProspecting: The INBio Experience
(Chapter 41). In BULL, A. T. (Org.). Microbial Diversity and Bioprospecting. ASM
Press: Washington, D.C., 2004.
UNION FOR ETHICAL BIOTRADE (UEBT). Barômetro de Biodiversidade 2012. 2012.
Disponível em: <http://www.ethicalbiotrade.org/news/wp-content/uploads/
UEBT.BARO2O12.portuguese.web_.pdf>. Acesso em 10/09/2012.
UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY. INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED STUDIES (UNUIAS).
Report: Bioprospecting in Antartica, 2005. Disponível em: <http://www.ias.unu.edu/
binaries2/antarctic_bioprospecting.pdf>. Acesso em: 15/06/2010.
WELCH, E. W.; SHIN, E.; LONG, J. Potential effects of the Nagoya Protocol on the
exchange of non-plant genetic resources for scientific research: Actors, paths, and
consequences. Ecological Economics 86, 2013, p. 136”“147, 2013.

Downloads

Published

2013-12-23

How to Cite

Saccaro-Junior, N. L. (2013). Regulating the Access to Genetic Resources in Brazil:: Suggestions for a New Scenario. Sustainability in Debate, 4(2), 194–214. https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v4n2.2013.9167

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2013)

Section

Artigos

License

SUSTAINABILITY IN DEBATE – Copyright Statement

The submission of original scientific work(s) by the authors, as the copyright holders of the text(s) sent to the journal, under the terms of Law 9.610/98, implies in the concession of copyrights of printed and/or digital publication to the Sustainability in Debate Journal of the article(s) approved for publication purposes, in a single issue of the journal. Furthermore, approved scientific work(s) will be released without any charge, or any kind of copyright reimbursement, through the journal’s website, for reading, printing and/or downloading of the text file, from the date of acceptance for publication purposes. Therefore, the authors, when submitting the article (s) to the journal, and gratuitous assignment of copyrights related to the submitted scientific work, are fully aware that they will not be remunerated for the publication of the article(s) in the journal.
The Sustainability in Debate Journal is licensed under Creative Commons License – Non-Commercial-No-Derivation Attribution (Derivative Work Ban) 3.0 Brazil, aiming at dissemination of scientific knowledge, as indicated on the journal's website, which allows the text to be shared, and be recognized in regards to its authorship and original publication in this journal.
Authors are allowed to sign additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the works published in the Sustainability in Debate Journal (for example, in a book chapter), provided that it is expressed the texts were originally published in this journal. Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their text online, following publication in Sustainability in Debate (e.g. in institutional repositories or their personal pages). The authors expressly agree to the terms of this Copyright Statement, which will be applied following the submission and publishing by this journal.