Diversidade de Respostas Locais a Projetos de Conservação e Desenvolvimento Integrados
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v6n2.2015.15852Mots-clés :
Projetos de Conservação e Desenvolvimento Local, Conservação de Base Comunitária, Conservação da Biodiversidade, Áreas Protegidas, Avaliação de Impacto de ProjetosRésumé
Projetos Locais de Conservação e Desenvolvimento Integrados são uma estratégia para a conservação da biodiversidade largamente adotada nas últimas décadas por ONGs e agências de cooperação internacional. Esses projetos caracterizam-se por objetivos de conservação associados ao desenvolvimento socioeconômico de populações locais, dentro ou no entorno de áreas protegidas. Neste trabalho analiso 25 avaliações de projetos, em 18 países, identificando o espectro de respostas deflagradas. Foram identificadas 34 diferentes respostas, o que evidencia o potencial desses projetos em produzir mudanças nos sistemas locais. No entanto, em metade dos casos (14 de 25), as ações desenvolvidas pelos projetos não produziram respostas identificáveis e, dentre os casos onde se observaram respostas, muitas delas podem ter efeitos contraprodutivos. Os resultados apontam para os riscos associados a essas intervenções e para a necessidade de abordar seu desenho, avaliação e investigação científica a partir de um ponto de vista sistêmico.
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