Transatlantic exchange: lessons from Brazil in the work of Norman Eaton (1902-1966)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18830/issn.1679-0944.n18.2017.03Keywords:
Brazil, Eaton, AfricaAbstract
In the immediate post-war period of the late 1940s, many South African architects were profoundly influenced by Brazilian modernity. It was through amongst others, the patronage of Pretoria architect Norman Eaton (1902-1966) that the Brazilian influence was disseminated in South Africa. Eaton was influenced by the work of especially Oscar Niemeyer (1907-2012), whom he met personally on a tour of the Americas during 1945. In Eaton’s work, translation of the Brazilian variant of Modernism was found to be compatible with African qualities. It was probably this trans-Atlantic exchange that contributed towards Eaton finding his own voice in the translation towards an African identity.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
CHIPKIN, Clive. Johannesburg Style: Architecture and Society 1880s-1960s. Cape Town: David Phillip Publishers, 1993.
COOKE, Julian. Revisions of the Modern: The end of the International Style in the Transvaal. In FISHER, Roger, LE ROUX, Schalk, MARE, Estelle (eds.). Architecture of the Transvaal. Pretoria: UNISA, 1998, p. 231-253.
DE BEER, I. Brazil. In DE BEER, I., JACOBS, H., PRINSLOO, I., VAN WYK, L. (eds.). Architecture 2000. A Review of South African Architecture. Endorsed by the South African Institute of Architecture. Johannesburg: Picasso Headline, 2000.
EATON, Norman. A country house near Pretoria. SAAR, May 1946, 108 -110.
FISHER, Roger, LE ROUX, Schalk, MARE, Estelle (eds.). Architecture of the Transvaal. Pretoria: UNISA, 1998.
FISHER, Roger. A South African style-line. In DE BEER, I., JACOBS, H., PRINSLOO, I., VAN WYK, L. (eds.). Architecture 2000. A Review of South African Architecture. Endorsed by the South African Institute of Architecture. Johannesburg: Picasso Headline, 2000, p. 45-50.
GERNEKE, Gus. From Brazil to Pretoria: the second wave of the Modern Movement. In FISHER, Roger, LE ROUX, Schalk, MARE, Estelle (eds.). Architecture of the Transvaal. Pretoria: UNISA, 1998, p.197-230.
HARROP-ALLIN, Clinton. Norman Eaton: Architect. A Study of the work of the South African architect Norman Eaton 1902-1966. Cape Town: C. Struik publishers, 1975.
MORPHET, Tony. Personal traits: The work of Eaton and Biermann in Durban. In JUDIN, Hilton and VLADISLAVIC, Ivan (eds.). Blank__________ architecture, apartheid and after. Rotterdam: NAi, 1998, p. 93-117.
PIENAAR, M. The Norman Eaton Legacy ”“ a critical appraisal of the documentation of his domestic oeuvre. Unpublished M. Arch dissertation, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/41017?show=full. Accessed: 19 January 2017.
COOKE, Julian. Revisions of the Modern: The end of the International Style in the Transvaal. In FISHER, Roger, LE ROUX, Schalk, MARE, Estelle (eds.). Architecture of the Transvaal. Pretoria: UNISA, 1998, p. 231-253.
DE BEER, I. Brazil. In DE BEER, I., JACOBS, H., PRINSLOO, I., VAN WYK, L. (eds.). Architecture 2000. A Review of South African Architecture. Endorsed by the South African Institute of Architecture. Johannesburg: Picasso Headline, 2000.
EATON, Norman. A country house near Pretoria. SAAR, May 1946, 108 -110.
FISHER, Roger, LE ROUX, Schalk, MARE, Estelle (eds.). Architecture of the Transvaal. Pretoria: UNISA, 1998.
FISHER, Roger. A South African style-line. In DE BEER, I., JACOBS, H., PRINSLOO, I., VAN WYK, L. (eds.). Architecture 2000. A Review of South African Architecture. Endorsed by the South African Institute of Architecture. Johannesburg: Picasso Headline, 2000, p. 45-50.
GERNEKE, Gus. From Brazil to Pretoria: the second wave of the Modern Movement. In FISHER, Roger, LE ROUX, Schalk, MARE, Estelle (eds.). Architecture of the Transvaal. Pretoria: UNISA, 1998, p.197-230.
HARROP-ALLIN, Clinton. Norman Eaton: Architect. A Study of the work of the South African architect Norman Eaton 1902-1966. Cape Town: C. Struik publishers, 1975.
MORPHET, Tony. Personal traits: The work of Eaton and Biermann in Durban. In JUDIN, Hilton and VLADISLAVIC, Ivan (eds.). Blank__________ architecture, apartheid and after. Rotterdam: NAi, 1998, p. 93-117.
PIENAAR, M. The Norman Eaton Legacy ”“ a critical appraisal of the documentation of his domestic oeuvre. Unpublished M. Arch dissertation, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/41017?show=full. Accessed: 19 January 2017.
Downloads
How to Cite
Pienaar, M. (2017). Transatlantic exchange: lessons from Brazil in the work of Norman Eaton (1902-1966). Paranoá, 10(18). https://doi.org/10.18830/issn.1679-0944.n18.2017.03
Issue
Section
Theory, History and Critique
License
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
- Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).
