Regulating the Access to Genetic Resources in Brazil:
Suggestions for a New Scenario
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v4n2.2013.9167Keywords:
Biodiversity, Genetic resources, Bioprospecting, Traditional knowledgeAbstract
The relationship between the use of genetic resources, social justice and biodiversity conservation
has proved to be one of the main matters in current environmental issues. Brazil exercises a
leadership role in international debates about genetic resources and is a pioneer in the creation
of a specific internal regulation. This, however, has been strongly criticized by the stakeholders,
as well as the lack of incentive for biodiversity research in this country. This paper discusses some
of the main conflicting points and how a new scenario of control and promotion can overcome
them, based on the regulatory experience since the creation of the current regulatory framework
and national indicators available in research with Brazilian species. The suggestions are based
on three pillars: a new relationship between government and bioprospectors, guided by
encouraging legal activities; a diffuse distribution of benefits, with simple rules, being able to
capture some profit from bioprospecting; and a synergy between the existence of traditional/
indigenous communities and biodiversity maintenance.
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