Challenges and Opportunities to Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development Among Tanzanian Rural Communities

Authors

  • Esther W. Dungumaro University of Dar es Salaam
  • Goran Hyden University of Florida

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v1n2.2010.1682

Keywords:

Biodiversity, Climate change, Sustainable development, Tanzania

Abstract

In more recent years climate change impacts have been obvious around the globe. This non-contentious reality has resulted in various global initiatives to reduce climate change impacts. However, differences exist in opportunities and capacity to adaptation. This paper, descriptive in nature, draws heavily from literature and also uses 2002 Tanzanian population and housing census to identify and discuss major challenges and opportunities to climate change adaptation and sustainable development in rural areas of Tanzania. Two groups are of focus; pastoralist herders and smallholder farmers. Analysis indicates that opportunities to climate change adaptation among rural community include their knowledge and experience. Challenges are centered on the pervasive poverty, rapid population increase and high illiteracy rates. Forces beyond their control including funds and governance also present definite limits to climate change adaptation. The paper suggests among others, the effective implementation of two top policies: education and social security funding.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Esther W. Dungumaro, University of Dar es Salaam

Institute of Development Studies University of Dar es Salaam

Goran Hyden, University of Florida

Professor Emeritus, Department of Political Science University of Florida

References

CHAIKEN, M.S. Primary Agriculture Care
Initiatives in Colonial Kenya, World
Development, v. 26, n. 9, p.1701-1717, 1998.
CHAMBERS, R.; PACEY, A; THRUPP, L. (Eds.)
Farmer First: Farmer Innovation and
Agricultural Research. London: IT Publications.
1989.
Consultative Group on International Agricultural
Research (CGIAR). The Eco-Regional
Approach to Research in the CGIAR. Report
of the TAC/Center Directors’ Working Group,
CGIAR Mid-Term Meeting, San Juan, Puerto
Rico, May 1993.
BLAIKIE, P. At risk: natural hazards, people’s
vulnerability, and disasters. Routledge, London:
1994.
GALLOPIN, G.; FUNTOWICZ, M. O; RAVETZ,
J. Science for the Twenty-First Century: From
Social Contract to the Scientific Core, Science
and Its Cultures No 168 (June). Paris: UNESCO,
2001.
GOLDMAN, A. Pest and disease hazards and
sustainability in African agriculture, Experimental
Agriculture, v. 32, n. 2, p. 199-211, 1996.
GUPTA, A. Science, Sustainability and Social
Purpose: Barriers to Effective Articulation, Dialogue
and Utilization of Formal and Informal
Science in Public Policy. International Journal
of Sustainable Development, v. 2, n. 3, p 368-
371, 1999
HOMEWOOD, K.; RODGERS, W.A.
Pastoralism, Conservation and the Overgrazing
Controversy. In D. Anderson and R. Grove (Eds.).
Conservation in Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1987.p 111-128.
HYDEN, G.; MUKANDALA, R. (Eds.). Agencies
in Foreign Aid. London: Macmillan, 1999.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC). Climate Change 2001: Impacts,
Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. 2001.
PAAVOLA, J. Vulnerability to Climate Change in
Tanzania: Sources, Substance and Solutions, A
paper presented at the inaugural workshop of
Southern Africa Vulnerability Initiative (SAVI) in
Maputo, Mozambique June 19-21, 2003.
KATES, R. W. Queries on the Human Use of the
Earth, Annual Review of Energy and
Environment, v. 26, p. 1-26, 2001.
LAMPREY, H. Pastoralism Yesterday and Today:
The Overgrazing Problem. In BOURLIERE, F.
(Ed.), Ecosystems of the World 13, Tropical
Savannas. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1983. p. 643-
666.
LEONARD, D.K. Reaching the Peasant
Farmer. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1977.
MEINZEN-DICK, R.; KNOX, A.; PLACE, F.;
SWALLOW, B. (Eds.). Property Rights,
Collective Action, and Technologies for Natural
Resource Management. Hartford CT:
Kumarian Press, 2003.
NDOUM, D. M. Dynamics of Agro-Ecological
Knowledge among the Mafa, North
Cameroon. Netherlands: CML, University of Leiden, 2001.
NWOKEABIA, H. Why Industrial Revolution
Missed Africa: A Traditional Knowledge
Perspective. Addis Ababa, Economic Commission
for Africa. 2001.
CLAY, J. Buying in the Forest: A New Program
to Market Sustainably Collected Tropical Forest
Products Protecting Forests and Forest Residents.
In: REDFORD, K.H.; PADOCH, C. (Eds.),
Conservation of Neotropical Forests. New York:
Columbia University Press, 1993.
SANDFORD, S. 1983. Management of Pastoral
Development in the Third World. Chichester:
Wiley, 1983.
United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP). Human Development Report :
Deepening Democracy in a Fragmented World.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
UNFCC. Background paper on Impacts,
vulnerability and adaptation to climate change
in Africa. Accra, Ghana, 21-23 September, 2006.
UNESCO/UNEP/FAO. Tropical Grazing Land
Ecosystems: A State of Knowledge Report.
Natural Resources Research Series. Paris:
UNESCO. 1979.
United Republic of Tanzania. Poverty and
Human Development Report, 2009. Research
and Analysis Group, United Republic of
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, 2009.
United Republic of Tanzania. National
Adaptation Programme of Action. The Vice
President’s Office, The Government of Tanzania,
Dar es Salaam, 2007.
United Republic of Tanzania. 2002 Population
and Housing Census, Volume II, Age and Sex
Distribution. National Bureau of Statistics. Dar
es Salaam, Government Printers, 2003.
United Republic of Tanzania, Poverty and
Human Development Report 2003. Mkuki and
Nyota Publishers. Dar es Salaam, 2003.
World Bank. Linking Agricultural Innovations
to Knowledge Sharing in Africa. IK Notes No
88 (January). Washington D.C.: The World Bank.
2006.
World Bank. Biodiversity and Agriculture:
Implications for Conservation and
Development. Washington D.C.: The World Bank.
1996.
World Bank. Desertification and the Sahelian
and Sudanian Zones in West Africa”. Internal
Document, West African Projects Department.
Washington D.C.: The World Bank. 1984

Downloads

Published

2010-12-22

How to Cite

Dungumaro, E. W., & Hyden, G. (2010). Challenges and Opportunities to Climate Change Adaptation and Sustainable Development Among Tanzanian Rural Communities. Sustainability in Debate, 1(2), 77. https://doi.org/10.18472/SustDeb.v1n2.2010.1682

Issue

Section

Dossier

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.