Desempenho Cognitivo na Infância
A Mãe e o Meio Urbano fazem a Diferença
Mots-clés :
Psicologia da Educação, Desenvolvimento intelectual, Aptidão cognitiva, Aprendizagem, Fatores socioculturais, Nível socioeconômicoRésumé
Apesar das controvérsias sobre o conceito e a avaliação da inteligência, o desempenho cognitivo assume um papel fundamental no contexto educativo e são múltiplos os fatores que lhe estão associados. Este estudo toma uma amostra aleatória e representativa de 1201 crianças do 2.º ciclo do ensino básico de escolas públicas portuguesas, com idades entre 9 e 14 anos. Discute-se o impacto das variáveis sociofamiliares (profssão da mãe e do pai, escolaridade da mãe e do pai e meio de pertença urbano vs rural). Os resultados destacam a relevância dessas variáveis para a explicação do desempenho cognitivo dos alunos, especialmente a escolaridade da mãe e o meio urbano de proveniência. Apresentam-se considerações práticas voltadas à equidade do sistema educativo.
Palavras-chave: desenvolvimento intelectual, aptidão cognitiva, aprendizagem, fatores socioculturais, nível socioeconômico
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