Some problems of comparison as a method of the social sciences
in search for understanding or explanation?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2648133Keywords:
Comparative methods, Comparative research, Ethnography, Social analysisAbstract
This article reviews some of the most common comparative approaches in the social sciences and questions their implications to the methodological dilemmas existing in the current literature. Based on classic works in the field of comparative social sciences and the analysis of recent studies published in Latin America, some of the main dichotomies inherent to the researcher’s choice regarding the main alternatives of comparison are presented: similarity vs. difference; synchrony vs. diachrony; intra-system vs. trans-sys- tem. In addition to any discussion aimed at identifying the “appropriate” model, the ob- jective of the article is to explain the real difficulties faced by researchers in defining the design of their social research and to reveal some limitations of the comparative method for the construction of causal inferences. The discussion concludes with the argument that the use of strategies that consider the so-called “non-methodical moment” of resear- ch can lead to a more fruitful approach to social phenomena.
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