Simplificación de un modelo de alta fidelidad para la generación de metamodelos termoenergéticos en un edificio educativo universitario
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18830/1679-09442026v19e60256Palabras clave:
Metamodelos, Simulación termoenergética, Zonas térmicas, CalibraciónResumen
Con el cambio climático y el aumento de la demanda de refrigeración, la modelización termoenergética computacional se vuelve esencial para el estudio y la adaptación de los edificios. Sin embargo, la construcción de modelos que representen fielmente la realidad, especialmente en edificaciones complejas, implica un alto costo en tiempo y procesamiento computacional. Este estudio investiga el uso de metamodelos para reducir el tiempo de simulación de edificaciones sin comprometer la precisión de los resultados. Utilizando el Pabellón de Aulas II (PVB) de la Universidad Federal de Viçosa como estudio de caso, se desarrollaron tres metamodelos en EnergyPlus, a partir de simplificaciones del modelo original calibrado. La validación se realizó conforme a la Guía 14 de ASHRAE, considerando los índices Normalized Mean Bias Error (NMBE) y Coefficient of Variation of the Root Mean Square Error (CV(RMSE)), y estadísticas complementarias. Entre los tres metamodelos comparados, el más simple obtuvo el mejor desempeño y el menor tiempo de simulación. Los resultados indican que la reducción del número de zonas térmicas permite disminuir significativamente el tiempo computacional, manteniendo los errores dentro de los límites aceptables.
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