Development policies and expansion of the extractive borders on Sapara territory in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Keywords:
Sapara extractivism, oil, conflictAbstract
This article deals with the conflict generated in Ecuador southeastern Amazon with the deepening of the primary-export matrix dependent on oil. The XI Round of oil tenders for 2012 is analyzed with concessions materialized in 2015 on indigenous territories, in a government aligned with post-neoliberalism or Socialism of the 21st Century. In this context and as a result of a qualitative investigation attentive to the local-national / regional-global connections, the threats of the expansion of the extractive borders on indigenous territories in the province of Pastaza are analyzed, with special attention to the case of nationality Sapara, of recent ethnogenesis. It addresses the possible impact of their livelihoods and cultural reproduction, as well as the social and organizational fragmentation that has occurred, disputes over political representation and territorial control. The research concludes that while there are leaders and communities who remain expectant of the promises of development, open to negotiate with the State, there are agencies that respond to oil extractivism from their local models of nature in defense of their territories; In this the Sapara women have played an important role, they form networks and they are articulated with women of other Amazonian nationalities configuring political ecologies.
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