Sociologia ambiental: um novo paradigma
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Sociologia ambientalResumo
Perspectiva teóricas na sociologia, ostensivamente diversas e que competem entre si na sociologia, são semelhantes em seu antropocentrismo. Para qualquer uma dessas perspectivas, portanto, muitas das experiências sociais contemporâneas e futuras devem parecer anômalas. Sociólogos do Meio Ambiente buscam entender as transformações sociais recentes através de um paradigma não antropocêntrico. Porque as restrições dos ecossistemas, agora, representam sérios problemas tanto para as sociedades humanas como para a sociologia, três pressupostos muito distintos do prevalente Paradigma da Excepcionalidade Humana (PEH) se tornaram essenciais. Eles formam um Novo Paradigma Ambiental (NPA). Sociólogos que aceitam esse Novo Paradigma Ambiental não têm dificuldades de apreciar a relevância sociológica de variáveis tradicionalmente excluídas da sociologia. O cerne da sociologia ambiental é, de fato, o estudo das interações entre o meio ambiente e a sociedade. Em um trabalho recente orientado pelo NPA, sociólogos exemplificaram a utilidade desse paradigma em questões relativas à estratificação social.
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