Efeitos do treino discriminativo sobre a observação e o controle de estímulos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e3625Palabras clave:
Discriminação de pseudopalavras, Discriminação de letras, Procedimento de ensino, Selecionar e observar, Controle de estímulos restrito, UniversitáriosResumen
Avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes treinos discriminativos com estímulos compostos sobre o controle pelos componentes e sobre as respostas de observação. Oito universitários realizaram três condições compostas por duas sessões de treino e teste de controle de estímulos. Na Condição Seleção, requeria-se uma resposta sobre a janela correspondente ao S+. Na Condição Observação, requeria-se apenas observar a janela. Os desempenhos foram altos nas duas condições e as diferenças assistemáticas. Quatro participantes que apresentaram controle restrito realizaram uma condição adicional que requeria a observação diferencial dos elementos (TDE). No teste, a observação dos S+ e a acurácia do desempenho aumentaram. TDE modelou o comportamento de observação e ampliou o controle por características do estímulo composto.Descargas
Citas
Allen, K. D., & Fuqua, R. W. (1985). Eliminating selective stimulus control: A comparison of two procedures for teaching mentally retarded children to respond to compound stimuli. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 39, 55-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(85)90029-3
Anderson, N. B., & Rincover, A. (1982). The generality of overselectivity in developmentally disabled children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 34(2), 217-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0965(82)90043-1
Bailey, S. L. (1981). Stimulus overselectivity in learning disabled children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14(3), 239-248. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1981.14-239
Birnie-Selwyn, B., & Guerin, B. (1997). Teaching children to spell: Decreasing consonant cluster errors by eliminating selective stimulus control. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 30(1), 69-91. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1997.30-69
Broomfield, L., McHugh, L., & Reed, P. (2008). The effect of observing response procedures on the reduction of over-selectivity in a match to sample task: Immediate but not long-term benefits. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 29, 217-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2007.04.001
Broomfield, L., McHugh, L., & Reed, P. (2010). Factors impacting emergence of behavioral control by underselected stimuli in humans after reduction of control by overselected stimuli. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 94(2), 125-133. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2010.94-125
Clayton, M. C., & Hayes, L. J. (2004). A comparison of match-to-sample and respondent-type training of equivalence classes. The Psychological Record, 54, 579-602. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03395493
Dickson, C. A., Deutsch, C. K., Wang, S. S., & Dube, W. V. (2006). Matching-to-sample assessment of stimulus overselectivity in students with intellectual disabilities. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 111, 447-453. https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2006)111[447:MAOSOI]2.0.CO;2
Diniz, J. (2009). Avaliação do tipo de resposta requerida e do procedimento de ensino no estabelecimento de controle de estímulos compostos. Dissertação de Mestrado, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brasil.
Domeniconi, C., Costa, A. R. A., de Rose, J. C., & Souza, D. G. (2009). Controle restrito de estímulos em participantes com Síndrome de Down e crianças com desenvolvimento típico. Interação em Psicologia, 13(1), 91-101.
Dube, W. V., Dickson, C. A., Balsamo, L. M., O’Donnell, K. L., Tomanari, G. Y., Farren, K. M., Wheeler, E. E., & McIvane, W. J. (2010). Observing behavior and atypically restricted stimulus control. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 94(3), 297-313. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2010.94-297
Dube, W. V., Farber, R. S., Mueller, M. R., Grant, E., Lorin L. & Deustch, C. K. (2016). Stimulus overselectivity in autism, down syndrome, and typical development. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 121(3), 219-235. https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-121.3.219
Dube, W. V., & McIlvane, W. J. (1997). Reinforcer frequency and restricted stimulus control. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 68, 303-316. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1997.68-303
Dube, W. V., & McIlvane, W. J. (1999). Reduction of stimulus overselectivity with nonverbal differential observing responses. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 32, 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1999.32-25
Goldstein, H. (1983). Training generative repertoires within agent-action-object miniature linguistic systems with children. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 26(1), 76-89. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2601.76
Goldstein, H. (1993). Structuring environmental input to facilitate generalized language learning by children with mental retardation. Em A. P. Kaiser & D. B. Gray (Eds.), Enhancing children’s communication: Research foundations for intervention (pp. 317-334). Paul H. Brookes.
Hanna, E. S., Batitucci, L. A. V., & Batitucci, J. S. L. (2014). Software contingência programada: Utilidade e funcionalidades. Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento, 10(1), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.18542/rebac.v10i1.3949
Hanna, E. S., Karino, C. A., Araújo, V. T. & Souza, D. G. (2010). Leitura recombinativa de pseudopalavras impressas em pseudoalfabeto: Similaridade entre palavras e extensão da unidade ensinada. Psicologia, 21(2), 275-311. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65642010000200005
Harlow, H. F. (1949). The formation of learning sets. Psychological Review, 56, 51-65. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0062474
Kinloch, J.M., McEwan, J.S.A., & Foster, T.M. (2013). Matching-to-sample and stimulus-pairing-observation procedures in stimulus equivalence: The effects of number of trials and stimulus arrangement. Psychological Record, 63(1), 157-173. https://doi.org/10.11133/j.tpr.2013.63.1.012
Kooistra, L., Meere, J. V. D., Vulsma, T., & Kalverboer, A. (1996). Sustained attention problems in children with early treated congenital hypothyroidism. Acta Paediatrica, 85, 425-429. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb14054.x
Leader, G., & Barnes-Holmes, D. (2001). Matching-to-sample and respondent-type training as methods for producing equivalence relations: Isolating the critical variable. The Psychological Record, 51, 429-444. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03395407
Lovaas, O. I., Berberich, J. P., Perloff, B. F., & Schaeffer, B. (1966). Acquisition of imitative speech in schizophrenic children. Science, 151, 705-707. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.151.3711.705
Lovaas, O. I., Koegel, R. L., & Schreibman, L. (1979). Stimulus overselectivity in autism: A review of research. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 1236-1254. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.6.1236
Lovaas, O. I., & Schreibman, L. (1971). Stimulus overselectivity of autistic children in a two-stimulus situation. Behavior Research and Therapy, 9, 305-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(71)90042-8
Lovaas, O. I., Schreibman, L., Koegel, R. L., & Rehm, R. (1971). Selective responding by autistic children to multiple sensory input. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 77(3), 211-222. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0031015
Maguire R.W., Stromer R., Mackay H. A., & Demis C. A. (1994). Matching to complex samples and stimulus class formation in adults with autism and young children. Journal of Autism Development Disorder, 24(6), 753-772. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02172284
Matos, M. A. (1981). O controle de estímulos sobre o comportamento. Psicologia, 7, 1-15.
McHugh, L., & Reed, P. (2007). Age trends in stimulus overselectivity. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behaviour, 88(3), 369-380. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2007.88-369
Pessôa, C. V. B. B., Huziwara, E. M., Perez, W. F., Endemann, P., & Tomanari, G. Y. (2009). Eye fixations to figures in a four-choice situation with luminance balanced areas: Evaluating practice effects. Journal of Eye Movement Research, 2(5), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.2.5.3
Perez, W. F., Endemann, P., Pessôa, C. V. B. B., & Tomanari, G. Y. (2015). Assessing stimulus control with compound stimuli: Evaluating testing procedures and tracking eye fixations. Psychological Record, 65, 83-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40732-014-0092-1
Pérez-González, L. A., & Alonso-Álvarez, B. (2014). Teaching a simple discrimination using a blocked-trial procedure to overcome location overselectivity. European Journal of Behavior Analysis, 15(2), 137-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/15021149.2014.11434510
Reed, P. (2006). The effect of retention interval on stimulus over-selectivity using a matching-to-sample paradigm. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 1115-1121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0148-4
Reed, P. (2012). Brief report: The effect of delayed matching to sample on stimulus over-selectivity. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42, 1515-1519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1374-y
Reed, P. (2017). Over-selectivity is related to autism quotient and empathizing, but not to systematizing. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47, 1030-1037. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2990-3
Reed, P., & Gibson, E. (2005). The effect of concurrent task load on stimulus over-selectivity. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35(5), 601-614. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-005-0004-y
Reynolds, G. S. (1961). Attention in the pigeon. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 4, 203-208. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1961.4-203
Schroeder, S. R. (1970). Selective eye movements to simultaneously presented stimuli during discrimination. Perception & Psychophysics, 7(2), 121-124. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210147
Sidman, M., & Tailby, W. (1982). Conditional discrimination vs. matching to sample: An expansion of the testing paradigm. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 37, 5-22. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1982.37-5
Verneque, L. (2006). Superseletividade: Efeito do requisito de resposta e do tempo de exposição ao estímulo. Dissertação de Mestrado, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brasil.
Walpole, C., Roscoe, E., & Dube, W. V. (2007). Use of a differential observing response to expand restricted stimulus control. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 40(4), 707-712. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.2007.707-712
Wetherby, B. C., & Striefel, S. (1978). Application of miniature linguistic system or matrix training procedures. In R. Schiefellbusch (Ed.), Bases of language intervention (pp. 317-356). University Park Press.
Wolfe, J. M. (1994). Visual search in continuous, naturalistic stimuli. Vision Research, 34(9), 1187-1195. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6989(94)90300-X
Whiteley, J. H., Zaparniuk, J., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (1987). Mentally retarded adolescents’ breadth of attention and short-term memory processes during matching to sample discriminations. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 92, 207-212.
Zentall, S. S., & Kruczek, T. (1988). The attraction of color for active attention-problem children. Exceptional Children, 54(4), 357-362. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440298805400411
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2020 Jonathan Melo de Oliveira, Elenice Seixas Hanna
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.