A análise do comportamento verbal e a aquisição de repertórios autodescritivos de eventos privados
Palabras clave:
Eventos privados, Comportameneto verbal, Tatear, Tatear eventos privados, Autodescrição, Eventos fisiológicos, Treino discriminativoResumen
Uma pequena, porém importante, parte do universo está contida sob a pele de cada um de nós: são os nossos eventos privados. Paradoxalmente, a intimidade com esses eventos não facilita a descrição dos mesmos pelos indivíduos, porque a comunidade verbal, responsável pelo ensino desta habilidade, não tem acesso direto a esses eventos. Skinner supôs haver quatro estratégias básicas, baseadas em acompanhamentos públicos associados aos eventos privados, através das quais a comunidade ensinaria os indivíduos a relatarem tais eventos. Este artigo mostra de que forma a descrição dos eventos privados pode ser entendida dentro desse esquema conceitual. Além disso, analisa exemplos de estudos psicofisiológicos que vêem utilizando tais estratégias em seus treinos discriminativos para ensinar as pessoas a relatarem e/ou identificarem eventos que ocorrem em seus organismos.
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Ashton, R.; White, K. D. & Hodgson, G. (1979). Sensivity to heart rate: A
psychophysiological study. Psychophysjology, 16, 463-466.
Baron, J. (1966). An EEG correlate of autonomic discrimination. Psychonomic
Science, 4, 255-256.
Bird, B. (1955). Talking with patients. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Brener, J. & Jones, J. M. (1974). Interoceptive discrimination in intact humans:
Detection of cardiac activity. Physiology and Behavior, 13, 763-767.
Capovilla, F. C. (1990). Linguagem e cognição. Panorama histórico, conceituaçãc
básica e desenvolvimentos recentes em pesquisa. Anais do IV Encontro
Paranaense de Psicologia, Londrina, Paraná.
Catania, A. C. (1984). Learning (2* Edição). Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall,
capítulo 9.
Cinciripini, P. M., Epstein, L. H. & Martin, J. E. (1979). The effects of feedback on
blood pressure discrimination. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 12, 345-353.
Cox, D. J., Carter, W. R., Gonder-Frederick, L., Clarke, W. & Pohl, S. (1988). Blood
glucose discrimination training in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
patients. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 13(3), 201-217.
Cox, D. J., Gonder-Frederick, L., Julian, D.; Cryer, P., Lee, J. H.; Richards, F. E. &
Clarke, W. (1990). Intensive Vs Standard blood glucose awareness training
(BGAT) with insulin-dependent diabetes: mechanisms and ancillary effects.
University of Virgínia Health Sciences Center. Washington University. Manuscrito
ainda não publicado.
Cox, D. J., Gonder-Frederick, L., Pohl, S. & Pennebaker, J. W. (1983). Reliability of
symptom-blood glucose relationships among insulin-dependent adult diabetics.
Psychosomatic Medicine, 45(4), 357-360.
Eastman, B. G., Johnson, S. B.; Silverstein, J.; Spillar, R. P. & McCalIum, M. (1983).
Understanding of hypo-and hyperglycemia by youngsters with diabetes and their
parents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 8(3), 229-243.
Epstein, L. H., Cinciripini, P. M., McCoy, J. F. & Marshall, W. R. (1977). Heart rate as
a discriminative stimulus. Psychophysiology, 14, 143-149.
Epstein, L. H. & Stein, D. B. (1974). Feedback-influenced heart rate discrimination.
Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 83, 585-588.
Freund, A., Johnson, S. B., Resenbloom, A., Alexander, B. & Hansen, C. A. (1986).
Subjective symptoms, blood glucose estimation and blood glucose concentrations
in adolescents with diabetes. Diabetes Care, 9(3), 236-243.
Gonder-Frederick, L A., Cox, D. J.; Bobbitt, S. A. & Pennebaker, J. W. (1989). Mood
changes associated with blood glucose fluctuations in insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus. Health Psychology, 8(1), 45-49.
Greenstadt, L, Shapiro, D. & Whitehead, R. (1986). Blood pressure iscrimination.
Psychophysiology, September, 500-509.
Griggs, R. G. & Stunkard, A. (1964). The interpretation of gastric motility II. Sensivity
and bias in the perception of gastric motility. Archives of General Psychiatry, 11,
82-89.
Gross, A. M., Magalnick, L. J. & Delcher, H. K. (1985). Blood glucose discrimination
training and metabolic control in insulin-dependent diabeWcs. Behaviour Research
Therapy, 23(5), 507-511.
Gross, A. M., Wojnilower, D. A., Levin, R. B.; Dale, J., Richardson, P. & Davidson, P.
C. (1983). Discrimination of blood glucose leveis in insulin-dependent diabetics.
Behavior Modification, 7(3), 369-382.
Katkin, E. S., Blascovich, J. & Goldband, S. (1981). Empirical assesment of visceral
self-perception: individual differences in the acquisition of heart beat
discrimination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 1095-1101.
Lansky, D., Nathan. P. E. & Lawson, D. M. (1978). Blood aleohol levei discrimination
by alcoholics: the role of internai and externai cues. Journal of Consulting and
Clinicai Psychology, 46, 953-960.
Lovibond, S. H. & Caddy, G. (1970). Discriminated aversive control in the moderation
of alcoholics' drinking behavior. Behavior Therapy, 1, 437-444.
Luborski, L; Brady, J. P.; McCIintock, M.; Kron, R. E.; Bortinchack, E. & Levitz, L.
(1976). Estimating one's own systolic blood pressure: effects of feedback training.
Psychosomatic Medicine, 38, 426-438.
MacBryde, C. M. & Blacklow, R. S. (1970). The study of symptoms. Em C. M.
MacBryde e R. S. Blacklow (Org.). Signs and Symptoms. Applied Pathologic
Physiology and Clinicai Interpretation. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Martin, J. E. & Frederiksen, L. W. (1980). Self-tracking of carbon monoxide leveis by
smokers. Behavior Therapy, 11, 577-587.
Moses, J. L. & Bradley, C. (1985). Accuracy of subjective blood glucose estimation by
patientes with insulin-dependent diabetes. Biofeedback and Self-regulation, 10,
301-314.
Nurick, M. A. & Johnson, S. B. (1991). Enhancing blood glucose awareness in
adolescents and young adults with IDDM. Diabetes Care, 14, 1-7.
Pennebaker, J. W.; Cox, D. J.; Gonder-Frederick, L; Wunsch, M. G.; Evans, W. S. &
Pohl, S. (1981). Physical symptoms related to blood glucose in insulin-dependent
diabetics. Psychosomatic Medicine, 43(6), 489-500.
Shapiro, A. P.; Redmond, D. P.; McDonald, R. H. Jr. & Gaylor, M. (1975).
Relationships of perception, cognition, suggestion and operant conditíoning in
essential hypertension. Progress in Brain Research, 42, 299-312.
Silverstein, S. J.; Nathan, P. E. & Taylor, H. A. (1974). Blood alcohol levei estimation
and controlled drinking by chronic alcoholics. Behavior Therapy, 5, 1-15.
Skinner, B. F. (1957). Verbal behavior. N. J.: Prentice-Hall.
Skinner, B. F. (1959). The Operational Analysis of Psychological Terms. Cumulative
record. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Skinner, B. F. (1969). Contingencies of reinforcement. A theoretica! analysis. New
York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Skinner, B. F. (1963). Behaviorism at fifty. Science, 140, 951-958. Reimpresso em
(1984). The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7, 615-667.
Skinner, B. F. (1974). About behaviorism. New York: Affred A. Knopf.
Skinner, B. F. (1981). Selection by consequences. Science, 213, 501-504.
Reimpresso em (1984). The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7, 477-510.
Stern, R. M. (1972). Detection of one's own spontaneous GSRs. Psychonomic
Science, 29, 354-456.
Stunkard, A. & Koch. C. (1964). The interpretation of gastric motility I: Apparent bias in
the reports of hunger by obese persons. Archives of General Psychiatry, 11,
74-82.
Wing, R. R., Epstein, L. H., Lamparski, D., Hagg, S. A., Nowalk, M. P. & Scott, N.
(1984). Accuracy in estimating fasting blood glucose leveis by patients with
diabetes. Diabetes Gare, 7(5), 476-478.
Zettle, R. D. & Hayes, S. C. (1982). Rule-governed behavior: A potencial framework
for cognitive-behavior therapy. Em P. C. Kendall (Org.) Advances in
Cognitive-Behavioral Research and Therapy (Vol. 1, pp. 73-118). New York:
Academic Press.
psychophysiological study. Psychophysjology, 16, 463-466.
Baron, J. (1966). An EEG correlate of autonomic discrimination. Psychonomic
Science, 4, 255-256.
Bird, B. (1955). Talking with patients. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Brener, J. & Jones, J. M. (1974). Interoceptive discrimination in intact humans:
Detection of cardiac activity. Physiology and Behavior, 13, 763-767.
Capovilla, F. C. (1990). Linguagem e cognição. Panorama histórico, conceituaçãc
básica e desenvolvimentos recentes em pesquisa. Anais do IV Encontro
Paranaense de Psicologia, Londrina, Paraná.
Catania, A. C. (1984). Learning (2* Edição). Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall,
capítulo 9.
Cinciripini, P. M., Epstein, L. H. & Martin, J. E. (1979). The effects of feedback on
blood pressure discrimination. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 12, 345-353.
Cox, D. J., Carter, W. R., Gonder-Frederick, L., Clarke, W. & Pohl, S. (1988). Blood
glucose discrimination training in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
patients. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation, 13(3), 201-217.
Cox, D. J., Gonder-Frederick, L., Julian, D.; Cryer, P., Lee, J. H.; Richards, F. E. &
Clarke, W. (1990). Intensive Vs Standard blood glucose awareness training
(BGAT) with insulin-dependent diabetes: mechanisms and ancillary effects.
University of Virgínia Health Sciences Center. Washington University. Manuscrito
ainda não publicado.
Cox, D. J., Gonder-Frederick, L., Pohl, S. & Pennebaker, J. W. (1983). Reliability of
symptom-blood glucose relationships among insulin-dependent adult diabetics.
Psychosomatic Medicine, 45(4), 357-360.
Eastman, B. G., Johnson, S. B.; Silverstein, J.; Spillar, R. P. & McCalIum, M. (1983).
Understanding of hypo-and hyperglycemia by youngsters with diabetes and their
parents. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 8(3), 229-243.
Epstein, L. H., Cinciripini, P. M., McCoy, J. F. & Marshall, W. R. (1977). Heart rate as
a discriminative stimulus. Psychophysiology, 14, 143-149.
Epstein, L. H. & Stein, D. B. (1974). Feedback-influenced heart rate discrimination.
Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 83, 585-588.
Freund, A., Johnson, S. B., Resenbloom, A., Alexander, B. & Hansen, C. A. (1986).
Subjective symptoms, blood glucose estimation and blood glucose concentrations
in adolescents with diabetes. Diabetes Care, 9(3), 236-243.
Gonder-Frederick, L A., Cox, D. J.; Bobbitt, S. A. & Pennebaker, J. W. (1989). Mood
changes associated with blood glucose fluctuations in insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus. Health Psychology, 8(1), 45-49.
Greenstadt, L, Shapiro, D. & Whitehead, R. (1986). Blood pressure iscrimination.
Psychophysiology, September, 500-509.
Griggs, R. G. & Stunkard, A. (1964). The interpretation of gastric motility II. Sensivity
and bias in the perception of gastric motility. Archives of General Psychiatry, 11,
82-89.
Gross, A. M., Magalnick, L. J. & Delcher, H. K. (1985). Blood glucose discrimination
training and metabolic control in insulin-dependent diabeWcs. Behaviour Research
Therapy, 23(5), 507-511.
Gross, A. M., Wojnilower, D. A., Levin, R. B.; Dale, J., Richardson, P. & Davidson, P.
C. (1983). Discrimination of blood glucose leveis in insulin-dependent diabetics.
Behavior Modification, 7(3), 369-382.
Katkin, E. S., Blascovich, J. & Goldband, S. (1981). Empirical assesment of visceral
self-perception: individual differences in the acquisition of heart beat
discrimination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 1095-1101.
Lansky, D., Nathan. P. E. & Lawson, D. M. (1978). Blood aleohol levei discrimination
by alcoholics: the role of internai and externai cues. Journal of Consulting and
Clinicai Psychology, 46, 953-960.
Lovibond, S. H. & Caddy, G. (1970). Discriminated aversive control in the moderation
of alcoholics' drinking behavior. Behavior Therapy, 1, 437-444.
Luborski, L; Brady, J. P.; McCIintock, M.; Kron, R. E.; Bortinchack, E. & Levitz, L.
(1976). Estimating one's own systolic blood pressure: effects of feedback training.
Psychosomatic Medicine, 38, 426-438.
MacBryde, C. M. & Blacklow, R. S. (1970). The study of symptoms. Em C. M.
MacBryde e R. S. Blacklow (Org.). Signs and Symptoms. Applied Pathologic
Physiology and Clinicai Interpretation. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Martin, J. E. & Frederiksen, L. W. (1980). Self-tracking of carbon monoxide leveis by
smokers. Behavior Therapy, 11, 577-587.
Moses, J. L. & Bradley, C. (1985). Accuracy of subjective blood glucose estimation by
patientes with insulin-dependent diabetes. Biofeedback and Self-regulation, 10,
301-314.
Nurick, M. A. & Johnson, S. B. (1991). Enhancing blood glucose awareness in
adolescents and young adults with IDDM. Diabetes Care, 14, 1-7.
Pennebaker, J. W.; Cox, D. J.; Gonder-Frederick, L; Wunsch, M. G.; Evans, W. S. &
Pohl, S. (1981). Physical symptoms related to blood glucose in insulin-dependent
diabetics. Psychosomatic Medicine, 43(6), 489-500.
Shapiro, A. P.; Redmond, D. P.; McDonald, R. H. Jr. & Gaylor, M. (1975).
Relationships of perception, cognition, suggestion and operant conditíoning in
essential hypertension. Progress in Brain Research, 42, 299-312.
Silverstein, S. J.; Nathan, P. E. & Taylor, H. A. (1974). Blood alcohol levei estimation
and controlled drinking by chronic alcoholics. Behavior Therapy, 5, 1-15.
Skinner, B. F. (1957). Verbal behavior. N. J.: Prentice-Hall.
Skinner, B. F. (1959). The Operational Analysis of Psychological Terms. Cumulative
record. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Skinner, B. F. (1969). Contingencies of reinforcement. A theoretica! analysis. New
York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Skinner, B. F. (1963). Behaviorism at fifty. Science, 140, 951-958. Reimpresso em
(1984). The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7, 615-667.
Skinner, B. F. (1974). About behaviorism. New York: Affred A. Knopf.
Skinner, B. F. (1981). Selection by consequences. Science, 213, 501-504.
Reimpresso em (1984). The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7, 477-510.
Stern, R. M. (1972). Detection of one's own spontaneous GSRs. Psychonomic
Science, 29, 354-456.
Stunkard, A. & Koch. C. (1964). The interpretation of gastric motility I: Apparent bias in
the reports of hunger by obese persons. Archives of General Psychiatry, 11,
74-82.
Wing, R. R., Epstein, L. H., Lamparski, D., Hagg, S. A., Nowalk, M. P. & Scott, N.
(1984). Accuracy in estimating fasting blood glucose leveis by patients with
diabetes. Diabetes Gare, 7(5), 476-478.
Zettle, R. D. & Hayes, S. C. (1982). Rule-governed behavior: A potencial framework
for cognitive-behavior therapy. Em P. C. Kendall (Org.) Advances in
Cognitive-Behavioral Research and Therapy (Vol. 1, pp. 73-118). New York:
Academic Press.
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Publicado
2012-08-29
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Malerbi, F. E. K., & Matos, M. A. (2012). A análise do comportamento verbal e a aquisição de repertórios autodescritivos de eventos privados. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 8(3), 407–421. Recuperado a partir de https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17151
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