A relação entre stress, padrão tipo A de comportamento e crenças irracionais
Resumen
O presente trabalho avaliou a relação entre stress e duas fontes internas de stress: o padrão Tipo A de comportamento (Friedman& Rosenman, 1974) e crenças irracionais (Ellis, 1973). Cem pacientes que procuraram o treino de controle de stress no CPCS foram analisados em termos do nível de stress que apresentavam, o número e o tipo de crenças irracionais e a presença do padrão do Tipo A de comportamento. Observou-se que 73% dos pacientes foram classificados como Tipo A contra 27% clasificados como Tipo B. Pacientes do Tipo A tinham um número maior de crenças irracionais. A crença mais freqüentemente exibida foi a de que "se deve ser absolutamente competente, inteligente emerecedor de todo o respeito". A variável sexo não fez diferença signficativa nas comparações feitas. Verificou-se também que a maioria dospacientes se encontrava na fase de resistência do stress. Os dados foram interpretados a favor da hipótese de que há uma correlação entre stress, Tipo A de comportamento e crenças irracionais.
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Citas
Case, R., Heller, S., Case, N., & Moss, A. (1985). Type A behavior and survival after
acute myocardial infarction. New England Journal of Medicine, 312, 737-742.
De Longis, A., Folkan, S., Greun, R., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985). Stress and adaptational
outcomes: The problem of confounded measures. American Psychologist, 40 (7),
770-779.
Dembroski, T. (1985). Components of Type A, hostility and anger-in: Relationship to
angiographic findings. Psychosomatic Medicine, 47, 219-233.
Ellis, A. (1973). Humanistic psychology: The rational-emotive approach. N. Y.: Julian.
Everly, G. S. Jr. (1990). A clinical guide to the treatment of the human stress
response. N. Y.: Plenum Press.
Farber, S. (1984). Genetic diversity and differing reactions to stress. Em L.
Goldberger, & S. Breznitz (Orgs.). Handbook of stress. N. Y.: Free Press. Pp.
123-133.
Friedman, M., & Rosenman, R. H. (1959). Association of specific overt behavior
pattern with blood and cardiovascular findings. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 169, 1286-1296.
Friedman, M., & Rosenman, R. H. (1974). Type A behavior and your heart N. Y.: A
Fawcett Crest Book.
Friedman, M., Rosenman, R. H., Straus, R., Wurm, M., & Kositchek, R. (1968). The
relationship of behavior pattern A to state of coronary vasculature: A study of
fifty-one autopsy subjects. American Journal of Medicine, 44, 525-537.
Friedman, M., & Ulmer, D. (1984). Treating Type A behavior and your heart N. Y.:
Alfred A. Knopf.
Hatfield, M. (1990). Stress and the american worker. American Psychologist, 10,
1162-1164.
Haynes, S. G„ Feinleib, M., & Kannel, W. B. (1960). The relationship of psychosocial
factors to coronary heart disease in the Framingham Study. American Journal of
Epidemiology, 3, 37-58.
Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. E. (1967). The Social Adjustment Rating scale. Journal of
Psychosomatic Research, 11, 213-218.
Horn, J. M., Plomirs, R., & Rosenman, R. (1976). Heretability of personality traits in
adult male twins. Behavior Genetics, 6, 17-20.
Keita, G. P., & Jones, J. M. (1990). Reducing adverse reaction to stress in the
workplace. American Psychologist, 45 (10), 1137-1141.
Kelly, K. R., & Stone, G. L. (1987). Effects of three psychological treatments and
self-monitoring on the reducing of Type A behavior. Journal of Counseling
Psychology, 34 (1), 46-54.
Kobasa, S. С. (1979). Stressful life events, personality and health: An inquiry into
hardiness. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 37, 1-11.
Krantz, D. S., Contrada, R. J., Hill, D. R., & Friedler, E. (1988). Enviromental stress
and biobehavioral antecedents of coronary heart disease. Journal of Consulting
and Clinical Psychology, 56 (3), 333-341.
Levi, L. (1990). Occupational stress: spice of life or kiss of death? American
Psychologist, 45(10), 1142-1145.
Lipp, M. N. (1985). Stress e suas implicações. Estudos de Psicologia, 3, 5-19.
Lipp, M. N., Romano, A. S., Covolan, N. A., & Nery, M. J. (1986). Como enfrentar o
stress. São Paulo: Icone Campinas: UNICAMP.
Lipp, M. N.. Nery, M. J., & Malagris (1988). Padrão de Comportamento Tipo A.
Estudos de Psicologia, 5(2), 52-63.
Matthews, К. Ð. (1978). Assessment and developmental antecedents of the coronary
prone behavior pattern in children. Em Т. М. Dembroski (Org.). Coronary Prone
Behavior. N. Y.: Springer.
Matthews, K. A., & Saal, F. E. (1978). The relationship of the Type A coronary prone
behavior pattern to achievement, power, and affiliation motives. Psychosomatic
Medicine, 40, 631-636.
McGuigan, F. J. (1989). Managing internal cognitive and external environmental
stresses through progressive relaxation. Em F. J. McGuigan, W. E. Sime, & M.
Wallace (Orgs.). Stress and tension control. N. Y.: Plenum Press. Pp. 3-12.
MRFIT Group (1982). Multiple risk factor intervention trial: Risk factor changes and
mortality results. Journal of American Medical Association, 248, 1465-1477.
National Institute of Health - NIH - Review Panel (1981). Coronary - prone behavior
and coronary heart disease: A critical review. Circulation, 63, 1200-1215.
Pincus, G., & Hoagland, H. (1943). Steroid excretion and the stress of flying. Journal
of the American Medical Association, 14, 173.
Rosenman, R. H., & Friedman, M. (1961). Association of specific behavior pattern in
women with blood and caradiovascular findings. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 24, 1173-1184.
Rosenman, R. H., Friedman, M., Straus, R., Wurn, M., Hanh, W., Kositchek, R., &
Werthessen, N. T. (1964). A predictive study of coronary heart disease: The
Western Collaborative Group Study. Journal of the American Medical Association,
189, 15-22.
Rosenman, R. H., & Chesney, M. A,. (1984). Stress, Type A behavior, and coronary
disease. Em L. Goldberger, & S. Breznitz. (Orgs.). Handbook of stress. N. Y.: The
Free Press. Pp. 547-565.
Rosenman, R. H., Brandy, R. J., Jenkins, С D., Friedman, M., Straus, R., & Wurm, M.
(1975). Coronary heart disease in the Western Collaborative Group Study: Final
follow-up 8 1 /2 years. Journal of the American Medical Association, 233, 872-877.
Rotman, F. (1984). A prevenção do infarto para nervosos. Rio de Janeiro: Record.
Selye, H. (1936). A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents. Nature, 138, 32.
Selye, H. (1956). The Stress of Life. Stress. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Selye, H. (1984). History and present status of the stress concept. Em L. Goldberger.
(Org.). Handbook of Stress. N. Y.: The Free Press. Pp. 7-17.
Spielberger, С. (1979). Understanding stress and anxiety. N. Y.: Harper and Row.
Suls, J. M., Bucher, A., & Mullem, B. (1981). Coronary prone behavior, social
insecured and stress among college-aged adults. Journal of Human Stress, 7,
27-34.
Williams, R. Ð’., Thomas, T. L, Lee, K. L., Kong, Y., Blumenthal, J. A., & Whalen, R. E.
(1980). Type A behavior, hostility, and coronary atherosclerosis. Psychosomatic
Medicine, 42, 539-549.
Wright, L. (1988). The Type A behavior pattern and coronary artery disease.
American Psychologist, 43 (1), 2-14.
acute myocardial infarction. New England Journal of Medicine, 312, 737-742.
De Longis, A., Folkan, S., Greun, R., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985). Stress and adaptational
outcomes: The problem of confounded measures. American Psychologist, 40 (7),
770-779.
Dembroski, T. (1985). Components of Type A, hostility and anger-in: Relationship to
angiographic findings. Psychosomatic Medicine, 47, 219-233.
Ellis, A. (1973). Humanistic psychology: The rational-emotive approach. N. Y.: Julian.
Everly, G. S. Jr. (1990). A clinical guide to the treatment of the human stress
response. N. Y.: Plenum Press.
Farber, S. (1984). Genetic diversity and differing reactions to stress. Em L.
Goldberger, & S. Breznitz (Orgs.). Handbook of stress. N. Y.: Free Press. Pp.
123-133.
Friedman, M., & Rosenman, R. H. (1959). Association of specific overt behavior
pattern with blood and cardiovascular findings. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 169, 1286-1296.
Friedman, M., & Rosenman, R. H. (1974). Type A behavior and your heart N. Y.: A
Fawcett Crest Book.
Friedman, M., Rosenman, R. H., Straus, R., Wurm, M., & Kositchek, R. (1968). The
relationship of behavior pattern A to state of coronary vasculature: A study of
fifty-one autopsy subjects. American Journal of Medicine, 44, 525-537.
Friedman, M., & Ulmer, D. (1984). Treating Type A behavior and your heart N. Y.:
Alfred A. Knopf.
Hatfield, M. (1990). Stress and the american worker. American Psychologist, 10,
1162-1164.
Haynes, S. G„ Feinleib, M., & Kannel, W. B. (1960). The relationship of psychosocial
factors to coronary heart disease in the Framingham Study. American Journal of
Epidemiology, 3, 37-58.
Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. E. (1967). The Social Adjustment Rating scale. Journal of
Psychosomatic Research, 11, 213-218.
Horn, J. M., Plomirs, R., & Rosenman, R. (1976). Heretability of personality traits in
adult male twins. Behavior Genetics, 6, 17-20.
Keita, G. P., & Jones, J. M. (1990). Reducing adverse reaction to stress in the
workplace. American Psychologist, 45 (10), 1137-1141.
Kelly, K. R., & Stone, G. L. (1987). Effects of three psychological treatments and
self-monitoring on the reducing of Type A behavior. Journal of Counseling
Psychology, 34 (1), 46-54.
Kobasa, S. С. (1979). Stressful life events, personality and health: An inquiry into
hardiness. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 37, 1-11.
Krantz, D. S., Contrada, R. J., Hill, D. R., & Friedler, E. (1988). Enviromental stress
and biobehavioral antecedents of coronary heart disease. Journal of Consulting
and Clinical Psychology, 56 (3), 333-341.
Levi, L. (1990). Occupational stress: spice of life or kiss of death? American
Psychologist, 45(10), 1142-1145.
Lipp, M. N. (1985). Stress e suas implicações. Estudos de Psicologia, 3, 5-19.
Lipp, M. N., Romano, A. S., Covolan, N. A., & Nery, M. J. (1986). Como enfrentar o
stress. São Paulo: Icone Campinas: UNICAMP.
Lipp, M. N.. Nery, M. J., & Malagris (1988). Padrão de Comportamento Tipo A.
Estudos de Psicologia, 5(2), 52-63.
Matthews, К. Ð. (1978). Assessment and developmental antecedents of the coronary
prone behavior pattern in children. Em Т. М. Dembroski (Org.). Coronary Prone
Behavior. N. Y.: Springer.
Matthews, K. A., & Saal, F. E. (1978). The relationship of the Type A coronary prone
behavior pattern to achievement, power, and affiliation motives. Psychosomatic
Medicine, 40, 631-636.
McGuigan, F. J. (1989). Managing internal cognitive and external environmental
stresses through progressive relaxation. Em F. J. McGuigan, W. E. Sime, & M.
Wallace (Orgs.). Stress and tension control. N. Y.: Plenum Press. Pp. 3-12.
MRFIT Group (1982). Multiple risk factor intervention trial: Risk factor changes and
mortality results. Journal of American Medical Association, 248, 1465-1477.
National Institute of Health - NIH - Review Panel (1981). Coronary - prone behavior
and coronary heart disease: A critical review. Circulation, 63, 1200-1215.
Pincus, G., & Hoagland, H. (1943). Steroid excretion and the stress of flying. Journal
of the American Medical Association, 14, 173.
Rosenman, R. H., & Friedman, M. (1961). Association of specific behavior pattern in
women with blood and caradiovascular findings. Journal of the American Medical
Association, 24, 1173-1184.
Rosenman, R. H., Friedman, M., Straus, R., Wurn, M., Hanh, W., Kositchek, R., &
Werthessen, N. T. (1964). A predictive study of coronary heart disease: The
Western Collaborative Group Study. Journal of the American Medical Association,
189, 15-22.
Rosenman, R. H., & Chesney, M. A,. (1984). Stress, Type A behavior, and coronary
disease. Em L. Goldberger, & S. Breznitz. (Orgs.). Handbook of stress. N. Y.: The
Free Press. Pp. 547-565.
Rosenman, R. H., Brandy, R. J., Jenkins, С D., Friedman, M., Straus, R., & Wurm, M.
(1975). Coronary heart disease in the Western Collaborative Group Study: Final
follow-up 8 1 /2 years. Journal of the American Medical Association, 233, 872-877.
Rotman, F. (1984). A prevenção do infarto para nervosos. Rio de Janeiro: Record.
Selye, H. (1936). A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents. Nature, 138, 32.
Selye, H. (1956). The Stress of Life. Stress. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Selye, H. (1984). History and present status of the stress concept. Em L. Goldberger.
(Org.). Handbook of Stress. N. Y.: The Free Press. Pp. 7-17.
Spielberger, С. (1979). Understanding stress and anxiety. N. Y.: Harper and Row.
Suls, J. M., Bucher, A., & Mullem, B. (1981). Coronary prone behavior, social
insecured and stress among college-aged adults. Journal of Human Stress, 7,
27-34.
Williams, R. Ð’., Thomas, T. L, Lee, K. L., Kong, Y., Blumenthal, J. A., & Whalen, R. E.
(1980). Type A behavior, hostility, and coronary atherosclerosis. Psychosomatic
Medicine, 42, 539-549.
Wright, L. (1988). The Type A behavior pattern and coronary artery disease.
American Psychologist, 43 (1), 2-14.
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Publicado
2012-08-16
Cómo citar
Lipp, M. E. N., Nery, M. J. G. da S., Curcio, M. A. C., & Pereira, M. R. P. (2012). A relação entre stress, padrão tipo A de comportamento e crenças irracionais. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 6(3), 309–323. Recuperado a partir de https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17101
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