Evaluation of the Process of Career Counseling:
A Literature Review
Keywords:
Career counselling, Career counselling process, EvaluationAbstract
Questions concerning the intervention process have been increasingly target of attention and research within Psychology. This article presents a review of the literature related to the process of career counseling. In this context, the process of career counseling, and the common characteristics of career and personal counseling are analyzed. Additionally, a brief characterization is presented of the main research studies of the career counseling process. Finally, suggestions for future research are outlined.
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References
Anderson, W. P., & Niles, S. G. (1995). Career and personal concerns expressed by career counseling clients. Career Development Quarterly, 43, 240-245.
Armstrong, L. (2009). Multicultural career counseling: Toward a new paradigm for the career development of women and ethnic minorities. River Academic Journal, 5(1), 1-4.
Arthur, N., & McMahon, M. (2005). Multicultural career counseling: Theoretical applications of the systems theory framework. Career Development Quarterly, 53(3), 208- 222.
Bacorn, C. N., & Dixon, D. N. (1984). The effects of touch on depressed and vocationally undecided clients. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 488-496.
Bedi, R. P. (2004). The therapeutic alliance and the career counseling/personal counseling interface. Journal of Employment Counseling, 41, 126-135.
Bergman, D. L. (1951). Counseling method and client responses. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 15, 216-224.
Blustein, D. L., & Spengler, P. M. (1995). Personal adjustment: Career counselling and psychotherapy. Em Walsh, W., & Osipow, S. (Eds.), Handbook of Vocational Psychology: Theory, Research, and practice (2th ed., pp, 295-328). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Brown, S. D., & Krane, N. E. (2000). Four (or five) sessions and a cloud of dust: Old assumptions and new observations about career counseling. Em S. Brown & R. Lent (Eds.), Handbook of Counseling Psychology (3th ed., pp. 740-749). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Byars-Winston, A. M., & Foaud, N. A., (2006). Metacognition and multicultural competence: Expanding the culturally appropriate career counseling model. Career Development Quarterly. 54(3), 187-202.
Cook, E. P., Heppner, M. J., & O’Brien, K. M. (2004). An ecological model of career development. Em R. K. Conyne & E. P. Cook (Eds.), Ecological counseling: An innovative approach to conceptualizing person-environment interaction. American Counseling Association Press.
Cook, E. P., Heppner, M. J., & O’Brien, K. M., (2005). Multicultural and gender influences in women’s career development: An ecological perspective. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 33, 165-179
Faria, L. F. (2008). A eficácia da aconselhamento psicológica vocacional de jovens: Estudo do impacto de uma intervenção. Tese de Doutorado, Braga: Universidade do Minho.
Fouad, N., & Bingham, R. (1995). Career counseling with racial and minorities. Em W. B. Walsh & S. Osipow (Eds.), Handbook of vocational psychology: Theory, research and practice (pp. 331-365). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Friedman, H. J. (1963). Patient-expectancy and symptom reduction. Archives of Therapy, 21, 189-196.
Galassi, J., Crase, R.; Martin, G. James, R., & Wallace, R. (1992). Client preferences and anticipation in career counseling: A Preliminary Investigation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 39, 46-55.
Gelso, C. J., & Carter, J. A. (1985). The relationship in counseling and psychotherapy: Components, consequences, and theoretical antecedents. Counselling Psychologist, 13, 155-243.
Gelso, C. J., & Cárter, J. A. (1994). Components of the psychotherapy relationship: Their interaction and unfolding during treatment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 296-306.
Gibson, R. C., & Mitchell, M. H. (1998). Introduction to counseling and guidance. (5th ed., pp. 122-177). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Gold, P. B., Kivlighan, D. M., Kerr, A. E., & Kramer, L. A. (1993). The structure of students perceptions of impactful, helpful events in career exploration classes. Journal of Career Assessment, 1, 145-161.
Goldman, L. (1976). A revolution in counseling research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 23(6), 543-552.
Goldstein, A. P., & Shipman, W. G. (1961). Patient expectancies, symptom reduction and aspects of initial psychotherapeutic interview. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 17, 129-133.
Greenberg, L. S., & Safran, J. D. (1989). Emotion in psychotherapy. American Psychologist, 44, 19-29.
Gunderson, J. G., Najavits, L. M., Leonhard, C., Sullivan, C. N., & Sabo, A. S. (1997). Ontogeny of the therapeutic alliance in borderline patients. Psychiatry Research, 7, 301-309.
Gurman, A. S. (1977). The patient’s perception of the therapeutic relationship. Em A. S. Gurman & A. M. Razin (Eds.), Effective psychotherapy: A handbook of research (pp. 503-543). NY: Pergamon Press.
Gysbers, N. C. (2004). Life career development: A needed perspective for all counseling. Em G. R. Walz & R. Yep (Eds), Vistas: Perspectives on counseling 2004, CD Rom, American Counseling Association and Counseling Outfitters/CAPS Press.
Gysbers, N. C., Heppner, M. J., & Johnston, J. A. (2003). Career counseling: Process, issues, and techniques (2th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Hartley, D. E., & Strupp, H. H. (1983). The therapeutic alliance: Its relationship to outcome in brief psychotherapy. Em J. Masling (Ed.), Empirical studies in analytic theories (pp. 1-37). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
Heppner, M. J., & Hendricks, F. (1995). A process and outcome study examining career indecision and indecisiveness. Journal of Counseling and Development, 73, 426-437.
Heppner, M. J., & Heppner, P. P. (2003). Identifying process variables in career counseling: A research agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62, 429-452.
Heppner, M. J., & Heppner, P. P. (2004). Career counseling. Em C. Spielberger (Ed.), The encyclopedia of applied psychology. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Heppner, M. J., & Heppner, P. P. (2007). Quali aspetti del processo di career counseling conducono a risultati efficaci. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia dell’Orientamento, 7(3),3-7.
Heppner M. J., & Jordan, S. (2007). Career process and outcome: The encyclopedia of counseling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Heppner, M. J., Multon, K. D., Gysbers, N. C., Ellis, C. A., & Zook, C. E. (1998). The relationship of trainee self-efficacy to the process and outcome of career counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45(4), 393-402.
Heppner, P. P., & Heppner, P. P. (2007). Il problem solving nel processo di career counseling. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia dell’Orientamento, 7(3), 9-13.
Hill, C. E., Carter, J. A., & O’Farrell, M. K. (1983). A case study of the process and outcome of time-limited counselling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 30(1), 3-18.
Hill, C. E. Helms, J. E., Spielgel, S. B., & Tichenor, V. (1988). Development of a system for categorizing client reactions to therapist interventions. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35, 27-36.
Hill, C. E., & O’Grady, K. E. (1985). A list of therapist intentions illustrated in case study and with therapists of varying theoretical orientations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 32, 3-22.
Hill, C., & Williams, E. (2000). The process of individual therapy. Em S. Brown & R. Lent (Eds.), Handbook of counseling psychology. (3th ed., pp.670-710). NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Holland, J. L., Magoon, T. M., & Spokane, A. R. (1981). Counseling psychology: Career interventions, research, and theory. Annual Review of Psychology, 32, 279-305.
Horvath, A. O., & Luborsky, L. (1993). The role of the therapeutic alliance in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(4), 561-573.
Karle, W., Hart, R., Gold, J., Maple, S., & Hopper, M. (1976). The maintenance of psychophysiological changes in feeling therapy. Psychological Reports, 39, 1143-1147.
Kayano, J. (2009). Conscientization of a carrer counseling process: Becoming aware of one´s career counseling process. Japan Labor Review, 6(4), 135-156.
Kivlighan, D., & Shaughnessy, P. (1995). Analysis of the development of the working alliance using hierarchical linear modeling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42(3), 338-349.
Krischner, T., Hoffman, M., & Hill, C. (1994). Case study of the process and outcomes of career counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 216-226.
Lewis, J. (2001). Career and personal counseling: Comparing process and outcome. Journal of Employment Counseling, 38, 82-90.
Luborsky, L., Chandler, M., Auerbach, A. H., Cohen, J., & Bachrach, H. M. (1971). Factors influencing the outcome of psychotherapy: A review of quantitative research. Psychological Bulletin, 75, 145-85.
Larson, L. M., & Majors, M. S. (1998). Applications of the coping with career indecision instrument with adolescents. Journal of Career Assessment, 6, 163-179.
Lillard, M. N. (1991). Career counseling from a social influence perspective. Effects of interpretation style with career indecisive clients. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Memphis State University, Memphis.
Malan, D. H. (1973). The outcome problem in psychotherapy research: A historical review. Archives of General Psychiatry, 29, 719-729.
Marshall, S. K., Young, R. A., & Valach, L. (2007). Making career theories more culturally sensitive: Implications for counseling. The Career Development Quarterly, 56(1); 4-18
McMahon, M. (2005). Career counseling: Applying the systems theory framework of career development. Journal of Employment Counseling. 42(1), 29-39.
Miller, M. (1992). Effects of note-taking on perceived counselor social influence during a career counseling session. Journal of counseling Psychology. 39, 317-320.
Multon, K. D., Ellis-Kalton, C. A., Heppner, M. J., & Gysbers, N. C (2003). The relationship between counselor verbal response modes and the working alliance in career counseling. The Career Development Quarterly, 51(3), 259-273.
Multon, K. D., Heppner, M. J., Gysbers, N. C., Zook, C. E., & Ellis-Kalton, C. (2001). Client psychological distress: An important factor in career counseling. The Career Development Quarterly, 49, 324-335
Multon, K. D., Wood, R., Heppner, M. J., & Gysbers, N. C. (2007). A cluster analytic investigation of subtypes of adult career counseling clients: Toward a taxonomy of career problems. Journal of Career Assessment, 15, 66-86.
Nichols, M. P., & Bierenbaum, H. (1978). Success of cathartic therapy as a function of patient variables. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 34, 776-778.
O’Brien K. M., Heppner M. J., Flores L. Y. & Bikos L. H. (1997). The career counseling self-efficacy scale: Instrument development and training applications. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 44, 20-31
Orlinsky, D. E., & Howard, K. I. (1986). Process and outcome in psychotherapy. Em S. L. Garfield & A. E. Bergin (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (3th ed., pp. 311-384). NY: Wiley.
Parsons, F. (1909). Choosing a Vocation. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin.
Patterson, C. (1974). Relationship counseling and psychotherapy. NY: Harper & Row.
Pierce, R. A., Nichols, M. P., & DuBrin, J. R. (1983). Emotional expression in psychotherapy. NY: Gardner Press.
Piper, W. E., Debbane, E. G., Bienvenu, J. P., & Garant, J. (1982). A study of group pretraining for group psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 32(3), 309-325.
Porter, E. H, Jr. (1943). The development and evaluation of a measure of counseling interview procedures. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 3, 105-126.
Robinson, F. P. (1950). Principles and procedures in student counseling. New York: Harper & Row.
Spokane, A. R. (1991). Career intervention. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Strupp, H. H. (1986). Psychotherapy research, practice, and public policy (How to avoid dead ends). American Psychologist, 41(2), 120-130.
Subich, L. M., & Simons, K. (2001). Career counseling: The evolution of theory. Em F. T. L. Leong & A. Barack (Eds.), Contemporary models in vocational psychology. A volume in honor of Samuel H. Osipow (pp. 257-278). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (1990). Counseling the culturally different: Theory and practice (2th ed.). NY: Wiley.
Sue, D. W., Arrendondo, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to the profession. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 20, 64-88.
Swanson, J. (1995). The process and outcomes of career counseling. Em S. H. Osipow & W. B. Walsh (Eds.). Handbook of vocational psychology, theory research, and practice. (2th ed., pp. 217-260). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Taveira, M. C. (2001). O modelo de intervenção vocacional por programas. Lisboa: Casa Pia de Lisboa.
Taveira, M. C. (2005). Comportamento e desenvolvimento vocacional da adolescência. Em M. C. Taveira (Ed.), Psicologia escolar. Uma proposta científico-pedagógica (pp.143-178). Coimbra: Quarteto.
Truax, C. B., & Wargo, D. G. (1969). Effects of vicarious therapy pretraining and alternative sessions on outcome in group psychotherapy with outpatients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 440-447.
Walborn, F. (1996). Process variables: Four common elements of counseling and psychotherapy. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
Whiston, S., Lindeman, D., Rahardja, D., & Reed, J. (2005). Career counseling process: A qualitative analysis of experts’ cases. Journal of Career Assessment, 13, 169-187.
Yost, E. B., & Corbishley, M. A. (1987). Career counseling: A psychological approach (pp. 21-23). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Armstrong, L. (2009). Multicultural career counseling: Toward a new paradigm for the career development of women and ethnic minorities. River Academic Journal, 5(1), 1-4.
Arthur, N., & McMahon, M. (2005). Multicultural career counseling: Theoretical applications of the systems theory framework. Career Development Quarterly, 53(3), 208- 222.
Bacorn, C. N., & Dixon, D. N. (1984). The effects of touch on depressed and vocationally undecided clients. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 488-496.
Bedi, R. P. (2004). The therapeutic alliance and the career counseling/personal counseling interface. Journal of Employment Counseling, 41, 126-135.
Bergman, D. L. (1951). Counseling method and client responses. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 15, 216-224.
Blustein, D. L., & Spengler, P. M. (1995). Personal adjustment: Career counselling and psychotherapy. Em Walsh, W., & Osipow, S. (Eds.), Handbook of Vocational Psychology: Theory, Research, and practice (2th ed., pp, 295-328). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Brown, S. D., & Krane, N. E. (2000). Four (or five) sessions and a cloud of dust: Old assumptions and new observations about career counseling. Em S. Brown & R. Lent (Eds.), Handbook of Counseling Psychology (3th ed., pp. 740-749). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Byars-Winston, A. M., & Foaud, N. A., (2006). Metacognition and multicultural competence: Expanding the culturally appropriate career counseling model. Career Development Quarterly. 54(3), 187-202.
Cook, E. P., Heppner, M. J., & O’Brien, K. M. (2004). An ecological model of career development. Em R. K. Conyne & E. P. Cook (Eds.), Ecological counseling: An innovative approach to conceptualizing person-environment interaction. American Counseling Association Press.
Cook, E. P., Heppner, M. J., & O’Brien, K. M., (2005). Multicultural and gender influences in women’s career development: An ecological perspective. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 33, 165-179
Faria, L. F. (2008). A eficácia da aconselhamento psicológica vocacional de jovens: Estudo do impacto de uma intervenção. Tese de Doutorado, Braga: Universidade do Minho.
Fouad, N., & Bingham, R. (1995). Career counseling with racial and minorities. Em W. B. Walsh & S. Osipow (Eds.), Handbook of vocational psychology: Theory, research and practice (pp. 331-365). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Friedman, H. J. (1963). Patient-expectancy and symptom reduction. Archives of Therapy, 21, 189-196.
Galassi, J., Crase, R.; Martin, G. James, R., & Wallace, R. (1992). Client preferences and anticipation in career counseling: A Preliminary Investigation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 39, 46-55.
Gelso, C. J., & Carter, J. A. (1985). The relationship in counseling and psychotherapy: Components, consequences, and theoretical antecedents. Counselling Psychologist, 13, 155-243.
Gelso, C. J., & Cárter, J. A. (1994). Components of the psychotherapy relationship: Their interaction and unfolding during treatment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 296-306.
Gibson, R. C., & Mitchell, M. H. (1998). Introduction to counseling and guidance. (5th ed., pp. 122-177). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Gold, P. B., Kivlighan, D. M., Kerr, A. E., & Kramer, L. A. (1993). The structure of students perceptions of impactful, helpful events in career exploration classes. Journal of Career Assessment, 1, 145-161.
Goldman, L. (1976). A revolution in counseling research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 23(6), 543-552.
Goldstein, A. P., & Shipman, W. G. (1961). Patient expectancies, symptom reduction and aspects of initial psychotherapeutic interview. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 17, 129-133.
Greenberg, L. S., & Safran, J. D. (1989). Emotion in psychotherapy. American Psychologist, 44, 19-29.
Gunderson, J. G., Najavits, L. M., Leonhard, C., Sullivan, C. N., & Sabo, A. S. (1997). Ontogeny of the therapeutic alliance in borderline patients. Psychiatry Research, 7, 301-309.
Gurman, A. S. (1977). The patient’s perception of the therapeutic relationship. Em A. S. Gurman & A. M. Razin (Eds.), Effective psychotherapy: A handbook of research (pp. 503-543). NY: Pergamon Press.
Gysbers, N. C. (2004). Life career development: A needed perspective for all counseling. Em G. R. Walz & R. Yep (Eds), Vistas: Perspectives on counseling 2004, CD Rom, American Counseling Association and Counseling Outfitters/CAPS Press.
Gysbers, N. C., Heppner, M. J., & Johnston, J. A. (2003). Career counseling: Process, issues, and techniques (2th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Hartley, D. E., & Strupp, H. H. (1983). The therapeutic alliance: Its relationship to outcome in brief psychotherapy. Em J. Masling (Ed.), Empirical studies in analytic theories (pp. 1-37). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
Heppner, M. J., & Hendricks, F. (1995). A process and outcome study examining career indecision and indecisiveness. Journal of Counseling and Development, 73, 426-437.
Heppner, M. J., & Heppner, P. P. (2003). Identifying process variables in career counseling: A research agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62, 429-452.
Heppner, M. J., & Heppner, P. P. (2004). Career counseling. Em C. Spielberger (Ed.), The encyclopedia of applied psychology. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Heppner, M. J., & Heppner, P. P. (2007). Quali aspetti del processo di career counseling conducono a risultati efficaci. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia dell’Orientamento, 7(3),3-7.
Heppner M. J., & Jordan, S. (2007). Career process and outcome: The encyclopedia of counseling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Heppner, M. J., Multon, K. D., Gysbers, N. C., Ellis, C. A., & Zook, C. E. (1998). The relationship of trainee self-efficacy to the process and outcome of career counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45(4), 393-402.
Heppner, P. P., & Heppner, P. P. (2007). Il problem solving nel processo di career counseling. Giornale Italiano di Psicologia dell’Orientamento, 7(3), 9-13.
Hill, C. E., Carter, J. A., & O’Farrell, M. K. (1983). A case study of the process and outcome of time-limited counselling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 30(1), 3-18.
Hill, C. E. Helms, J. E., Spielgel, S. B., & Tichenor, V. (1988). Development of a system for categorizing client reactions to therapist interventions. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35, 27-36.
Hill, C. E., & O’Grady, K. E. (1985). A list of therapist intentions illustrated in case study and with therapists of varying theoretical orientations. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 32, 3-22.
Hill, C., & Williams, E. (2000). The process of individual therapy. Em S. Brown & R. Lent (Eds.), Handbook of counseling psychology. (3th ed., pp.670-710). NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Holland, J. L., Magoon, T. M., & Spokane, A. R. (1981). Counseling psychology: Career interventions, research, and theory. Annual Review of Psychology, 32, 279-305.
Horvath, A. O., & Luborsky, L. (1993). The role of the therapeutic alliance in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(4), 561-573.
Karle, W., Hart, R., Gold, J., Maple, S., & Hopper, M. (1976). The maintenance of psychophysiological changes in feeling therapy. Psychological Reports, 39, 1143-1147.
Kayano, J. (2009). Conscientization of a carrer counseling process: Becoming aware of one´s career counseling process. Japan Labor Review, 6(4), 135-156.
Kivlighan, D., & Shaughnessy, P. (1995). Analysis of the development of the working alliance using hierarchical linear modeling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42(3), 338-349.
Krischner, T., Hoffman, M., & Hill, C. (1994). Case study of the process and outcomes of career counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 216-226.
Lewis, J. (2001). Career and personal counseling: Comparing process and outcome. Journal of Employment Counseling, 38, 82-90.
Luborsky, L., Chandler, M., Auerbach, A. H., Cohen, J., & Bachrach, H. M. (1971). Factors influencing the outcome of psychotherapy: A review of quantitative research. Psychological Bulletin, 75, 145-85.
Larson, L. M., & Majors, M. S. (1998). Applications of the coping with career indecision instrument with adolescents. Journal of Career Assessment, 6, 163-179.
Lillard, M. N. (1991). Career counseling from a social influence perspective. Effects of interpretation style with career indecisive clients. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Memphis State University, Memphis.
Malan, D. H. (1973). The outcome problem in psychotherapy research: A historical review. Archives of General Psychiatry, 29, 719-729.
Marshall, S. K., Young, R. A., & Valach, L. (2007). Making career theories more culturally sensitive: Implications for counseling. The Career Development Quarterly, 56(1); 4-18
McMahon, M. (2005). Career counseling: Applying the systems theory framework of career development. Journal of Employment Counseling. 42(1), 29-39.
Miller, M. (1992). Effects of note-taking on perceived counselor social influence during a career counseling session. Journal of counseling Psychology. 39, 317-320.
Multon, K. D., Ellis-Kalton, C. A., Heppner, M. J., & Gysbers, N. C (2003). The relationship between counselor verbal response modes and the working alliance in career counseling. The Career Development Quarterly, 51(3), 259-273.
Multon, K. D., Heppner, M. J., Gysbers, N. C., Zook, C. E., & Ellis-Kalton, C. (2001). Client psychological distress: An important factor in career counseling. The Career Development Quarterly, 49, 324-335
Multon, K. D., Wood, R., Heppner, M. J., & Gysbers, N. C. (2007). A cluster analytic investigation of subtypes of adult career counseling clients: Toward a taxonomy of career problems. Journal of Career Assessment, 15, 66-86.
Nichols, M. P., & Bierenbaum, H. (1978). Success of cathartic therapy as a function of patient variables. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 34, 776-778.
O’Brien K. M., Heppner M. J., Flores L. Y. & Bikos L. H. (1997). The career counseling self-efficacy scale: Instrument development and training applications. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 44, 20-31
Orlinsky, D. E., & Howard, K. I. (1986). Process and outcome in psychotherapy. Em S. L. Garfield & A. E. Bergin (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (3th ed., pp. 311-384). NY: Wiley.
Parsons, F. (1909). Choosing a Vocation. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin.
Patterson, C. (1974). Relationship counseling and psychotherapy. NY: Harper & Row.
Pierce, R. A., Nichols, M. P., & DuBrin, J. R. (1983). Emotional expression in psychotherapy. NY: Gardner Press.
Piper, W. E., Debbane, E. G., Bienvenu, J. P., & Garant, J. (1982). A study of group pretraining for group psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 32(3), 309-325.
Porter, E. H, Jr. (1943). The development and evaluation of a measure of counseling interview procedures. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 3, 105-126.
Robinson, F. P. (1950). Principles and procedures in student counseling. New York: Harper & Row.
Spokane, A. R. (1991). Career intervention. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Strupp, H. H. (1986). Psychotherapy research, practice, and public policy (How to avoid dead ends). American Psychologist, 41(2), 120-130.
Subich, L. M., & Simons, K. (2001). Career counseling: The evolution of theory. Em F. T. L. Leong & A. Barack (Eds.), Contemporary models in vocational psychology. A volume in honor of Samuel H. Osipow (pp. 257-278). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (1990). Counseling the culturally different: Theory and practice (2th ed.). NY: Wiley.
Sue, D. W., Arrendondo, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to the profession. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 20, 64-88.
Swanson, J. (1995). The process and outcomes of career counseling. Em S. H. Osipow & W. B. Walsh (Eds.). Handbook of vocational psychology, theory research, and practice. (2th ed., pp. 217-260). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Taveira, M. C. (2001). O modelo de intervenção vocacional por programas. Lisboa: Casa Pia de Lisboa.
Taveira, M. C. (2005). Comportamento e desenvolvimento vocacional da adolescência. Em M. C. Taveira (Ed.), Psicologia escolar. Uma proposta científico-pedagógica (pp.143-178). Coimbra: Quarteto.
Truax, C. B., & Wargo, D. G. (1969). Effects of vicarious therapy pretraining and alternative sessions on outcome in group psychotherapy with outpatients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 440-447.
Walborn, F. (1996). Process variables: Four common elements of counseling and psychotherapy. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
Whiston, S., Lindeman, D., Rahardja, D., & Reed, J. (2005). Career counseling process: A qualitative analysis of experts’ cases. Journal of Career Assessment, 13, 169-187.
Yost, E. B., & Corbishley, M. A. (1987). Career counseling: A psychological approach (pp. 21-23). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
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Published
2011-03-29
How to Cite
Faria, L. da C., & Taveira, M. do C. (2011). Evaluation of the Process of Career Counseling:: A Literature Review. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 27(1), 93–101. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/18283
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Revisão da Literatura
