Integration of Three Concepts:
Executive Function, Working Memory and Learning
Keywords:
Executive function, Working memory, Learning, Prefrontal cortex, NeuropsychologyAbstract
This article discusses the concept of executive function as a temporal integration process, involving tasks like preparatory adaptation, inhibitory control and working memory. Next, Baddeley’s multicomponent model for working memory is criticized and a new classification of executive function is proposed which incorporates both the model of Fuster as well as that of Baddeley. Finally, this paper revisits the neurobiological concept of learning and suggests an approach to appraise the learning deficits that take into account the executive function as the cornerstone of the cognitive process.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1971). The control of short-term memory. Sci Am, 225(2), 82-90.
Baddeley, A. (1992). Working memory. Science, 255(5044), 556-559.
Baddeley, A. (2003). Working memory: looking back and looking forward. Nat Rev Neurosci, 4(10), 829-839.
Baddeley, A. (2007). Working memory, thought and action. New York: Oxford University Press.
Capovilla, A. G. S., Assef, E. C. S., & Cozza, H. F. P. (2007). Avaliação neuropsicológica das funções executivas e relação com desatenção e hiperatividade. Aval psicol, 6(6), 51-60.
Cowan, N. (2005). Working memory capacity. New York: Psychology Press.
Damasio, A. R. (1996). O erro de Descartes: emoção, razão e o cérebro humano. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2ª Ed.
Denniston, J. C., Savastano, H. I., & Miller, R. R. (2001). The extended comparator hypothesis: learning by contiguity, responding by relative strenght. In R. R. Mowrer & S. B. Klein (Eds.), Handbook of contemporary learning theories. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Douglas, R., Markram, H., & Martin, K. (2004). Neocortex. In G. M. Shepherd (Ed.), The synaptic organization of the brain. New York: Oxford University Press.
Ericsson, K. A., & Kintsch, W. (1995). Long-term working memory. Psychol Rev, 102(2), 211-245.
Fuster, J. M. (2002). Frontal lobe and cognitive development. J Neurocytol, 31(3-5), 373-385.
Fuster, J. M. (2003). Cortex and mind: unifying cognition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Fuster, J. M. (2008). The prefrontal cortex (4th ed.). London: Academic Press.
Gallistel, C. R. (2000). The replacement of general-purpose learning models with adaptively specialized learning modules. In M. S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), The new cognitive neurosciences (2nd ed.). Cambridge: MIT Press.
Garner, J. K. (2009). Conceptualizing the relations between executive functions and self-regulated learning. J Psychol, 143(4), 405-426.
Goldberg, E. (2002). O cérebro executivo: lobos frontais e a mente civilizada. Rio de Janeiro: Imago.
Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1995). Cellular basis of working memory. Neuron, 14(3), 477-485.
Hebb, D. O. (1949). The organization of behavior. New York: Wiley.
James, W. (1952). The principles of psychology. Chicago: William Benton.
Kandel, E. R., Kupfermann, I., & Iversen, S. (2000). Learning and memory. In E. R. Kandel, J. H. Schwartz & T. M. Jessell (Eds.), Principles of neural science (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Kelso, J. A. S. (1995). Dynamic patterns: the self-organization of brain and behavior. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Lashley, K. S. (1963). Brain mechanisms and intelligence. New York: Dover Publications.
LeDoux, J. (2001). O cérebro emocional. Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva.
Luria, A. R. (1981). Fundamentos de neuropsicologia. São Paulo: Edusp.
Malloy-Diniz, L. F., Sedo, M., Fuentes, D., & Leite, W. B. (2008). Neuropsicologia das funções executivas. In D. Fuentes, L. F. Malloy-Diniz, C. H. P. Camargo & R. M. Cosenza (Eds.), Neuropsicologia: teoria e prática. Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Miller, E. K., & Wallis, J. D. (2003). The prefrontal cortex and executive brain functions. In L. R. Squire & F. E. Bloom & S. K. McConnell & J. L. Roberts & N. C. Spitzer & M. J. Zigmond (Eds.), Fundamental neuroscience (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press.
Mourão-Júnior, C. A. (no prelo). Plasticidade. In C. A. Mourão-Júnior & D. M. Abramov (Eds.), Fisiologia essencial. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan.
Pavlov, I. P. (1980). Textos escolhidos. São Paulo: Abril Cultural.
Piaget, J. (1987). O nascimento da inteligência na criança (4ª ed.). Rio de Janeiro: LTC.
Santos, F. H. (2004). Funções executivas. In V. M. Andrade & F. H. Santos & O. F. A. Bueno (Eds.), Neuropsicologia hoje. São Paulo: Artes Médicas.
Sastre-Riba, S. (2006). Early development and learning conditions: the role of the executive functions. Rev Neurol, 42 Suppl 2, S143-151.
Skinner, B. F. (1969). Contingencies of reinforcement: a theoretical analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Smith, E. E., & Jonides, J. (2003). Executive control and thought. In L. R. Squire & F. E. Bloom & S. K. McConnell & J. L. Roberts & N. C. Spitzer & M. J. Zigmond (Eds.), Fundamental neuroscience (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press.
Squire, L. R., & Kandel, E. R. (2003). Memória: da mente à s moléculas. Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Vigotski, L. S. (1987). Pensamento e linguagem. São Paulo: Martins Fontes.
Baddeley, A. (1992). Working memory. Science, 255(5044), 556-559.
Baddeley, A. (2003). Working memory: looking back and looking forward. Nat Rev Neurosci, 4(10), 829-839.
Baddeley, A. (2007). Working memory, thought and action. New York: Oxford University Press.
Capovilla, A. G. S., Assef, E. C. S., & Cozza, H. F. P. (2007). Avaliação neuropsicológica das funções executivas e relação com desatenção e hiperatividade. Aval psicol, 6(6), 51-60.
Cowan, N. (2005). Working memory capacity. New York: Psychology Press.
Damasio, A. R. (1996). O erro de Descartes: emoção, razão e o cérebro humano. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2ª Ed.
Denniston, J. C., Savastano, H. I., & Miller, R. R. (2001). The extended comparator hypothesis: learning by contiguity, responding by relative strenght. In R. R. Mowrer & S. B. Klein (Eds.), Handbook of contemporary learning theories. Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Douglas, R., Markram, H., & Martin, K. (2004). Neocortex. In G. M. Shepherd (Ed.), The synaptic organization of the brain. New York: Oxford University Press.
Ericsson, K. A., & Kintsch, W. (1995). Long-term working memory. Psychol Rev, 102(2), 211-245.
Fuster, J. M. (2002). Frontal lobe and cognitive development. J Neurocytol, 31(3-5), 373-385.
Fuster, J. M. (2003). Cortex and mind: unifying cognition. New York: Oxford University Press.
Fuster, J. M. (2008). The prefrontal cortex (4th ed.). London: Academic Press.
Gallistel, C. R. (2000). The replacement of general-purpose learning models with adaptively specialized learning modules. In M. S. Gazzaniga (Ed.), The new cognitive neurosciences (2nd ed.). Cambridge: MIT Press.
Garner, J. K. (2009). Conceptualizing the relations between executive functions and self-regulated learning. J Psychol, 143(4), 405-426.
Goldberg, E. (2002). O cérebro executivo: lobos frontais e a mente civilizada. Rio de Janeiro: Imago.
Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1995). Cellular basis of working memory. Neuron, 14(3), 477-485.
Hebb, D. O. (1949). The organization of behavior. New York: Wiley.
James, W. (1952). The principles of psychology. Chicago: William Benton.
Kandel, E. R., Kupfermann, I., & Iversen, S. (2000). Learning and memory. In E. R. Kandel, J. H. Schwartz & T. M. Jessell (Eds.), Principles of neural science (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Kelso, J. A. S. (1995). Dynamic patterns: the self-organization of brain and behavior. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Lashley, K. S. (1963). Brain mechanisms and intelligence. New York: Dover Publications.
LeDoux, J. (2001). O cérebro emocional. Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva.
Luria, A. R. (1981). Fundamentos de neuropsicologia. São Paulo: Edusp.
Malloy-Diniz, L. F., Sedo, M., Fuentes, D., & Leite, W. B. (2008). Neuropsicologia das funções executivas. In D. Fuentes, L. F. Malloy-Diniz, C. H. P. Camargo & R. M. Cosenza (Eds.), Neuropsicologia: teoria e prática. Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Miller, E. K., & Wallis, J. D. (2003). The prefrontal cortex and executive brain functions. In L. R. Squire & F. E. Bloom & S. K. McConnell & J. L. Roberts & N. C. Spitzer & M. J. Zigmond (Eds.), Fundamental neuroscience (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press.
Mourão-Júnior, C. A. (no prelo). Plasticidade. In C. A. Mourão-Júnior & D. M. Abramov (Eds.), Fisiologia essencial. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan.
Pavlov, I. P. (1980). Textos escolhidos. São Paulo: Abril Cultural.
Piaget, J. (1987). O nascimento da inteligência na criança (4ª ed.). Rio de Janeiro: LTC.
Santos, F. H. (2004). Funções executivas. In V. M. Andrade & F. H. Santos & O. F. A. Bueno (Eds.), Neuropsicologia hoje. São Paulo: Artes Médicas.
Sastre-Riba, S. (2006). Early development and learning conditions: the role of the executive functions. Rev Neurol, 42 Suppl 2, S143-151.
Skinner, B. F. (1969). Contingencies of reinforcement: a theoretical analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Smith, E. E., & Jonides, J. (2003). Executive control and thought. In L. R. Squire & F. E. Bloom & S. K. McConnell & J. L. Roberts & N. C. Spitzer & M. J. Zigmond (Eds.), Fundamental neuroscience (2nd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press.
Squire, L. R., & Kandel, E. R. (2003). Memória: da mente à s moléculas. Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Vigotski, L. S. (1987). Pensamento e linguagem. São Paulo: Martins Fontes.
Downloads
Published
2011-09-22
How to Cite
Mourão-Júnior, C. A., & Melo, L. B. R. (2011). Integration of Three Concepts:: Executive Function, Working Memory and Learning. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 27(3), 309–314. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17538
Issue
Section
Estudos Empíricos
