Effects of Instructions on Checking Responses
Keywords:
Checking responses, Rule-governed behavior, Autoclitic, Obsessive-compulsive disorderAbstract
The study had the objective of testing the verbal control of different instructions on checking responses. Two adult participants were instructed to separate four types of mixed seeds. An ABCA single-subject design was used in the presentation of the instructions. The results showed that instruction C with description of aversive consequences increased the frequency of checking the responses. Participant one showed an increase in relation to instruction B with autoclitic and participant two in relation to instruction A of the base line. In the reversion phase both participants reduced the frequency after the presentation of an instruction A without description of aversive consequences. The results suggest that instruction C that specifies the whole contingency established an aversive function for the non-effective separation responses.
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References
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Matos, M. A. (2001). Comportamento governado por regras. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva, 3(2), 51-66.
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Michael, J. (1993). Establishing operations. The Behavior Analyst, 33, 401-410.
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Mistr, K. N., & Glenn, S. (1992). Evocative and function-altering effects of contingency-specifiyng stimuli. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 10, 11-21.
Rachman, S. (2002). A cognitive theory of compulsive checking. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 40, 625-639.
Reitman, D., & Gross, A. (1996). Delayed outcomes and rule-governed behavior among noncompliant” and “compliant” boys: a replication and extension. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 13, 65-77.
Salkovskis, P. M. (1995). Cognitive-behavioral approaches to the understanding of obsessional problems. In R. M. Rapee (Ed.), Current controversies in the anxiety disorders (pp. 103-133). London: Guilford.
Salkovskis, P. M., Richards, H. C., & Forrester, E., (1995). The relationship between obsessional problems and intrusive thoughts. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 23, 281-299.
Schlinger, H., & Blakely, E. (1987). Function-altering effects of contingency-specifying stimuli. The Behavior Analyst, 10, 41-45.
Sidman, M. (2001). Coerção e suas implicações (M. A. Andery & T. M. Sério, Trans.). Campinas: Livro Pleno (Original work published in 1989).
Skinner, B. F. (1968). Science and human behavior. New York/London: Free Press/Collier Macmillan (Original work published in 1953).
Skinner, B. F. (1976). About behaviorism. New York: Vintage Books (Original work published in 1974).
Skinner, B. F. (1992). Verbal behavior (Definitive edition). Acton, MA: Copley Publishing Group (Original work published in 1957).
Zamignani, D. R. (2001). Uma tentativa de entendimento do comportamento obsessivo-compulsivo: algumas variáveis negligenciadas. In R. C. Wielenska (Ed.), Sobre comportamento e cognição. Questionando e ampliando a teoria e as intervenções clínicas em outros contextos (pp. 247-256). Santo André: ESETec.
Abreu, P. R., & Prada, C. G. (2005). Relação entre os condicionamentos operante e respondente no transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo. Revista Estudos de Psicologia, 22(3), 225-232.
Albuquerque, L. C. (2001). Definições de regras. In H. J. Guilhardi, M. B. B. P. Madi, P. P. Queiroz, & M. C. Scoz (Eds.), Sobre comportamento e cognição. Expondo a variabilidade (pp.132-140). Santo André: ESETec.
Arntz, A., Voncken, M., &, Goosen, A. C. A. (2007). Responsibility and obsessive-compulsive disorder: an experimental test. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 45, 425-435.
Blakely, E., & Schlinger, H. (1987). Rules: function-altering contingency-specifying stimuli. The Behavior Analyst, 10, 183-187.
Bouchard, C., &, Rhéaume, J., & Ladouceur, R. (1999). Responsibility and perfectionism in OCD: an experimental study. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 37, 239-248.
Borloti, E. (2004). As relações verbais elementares e o processo autoclítico. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva, 6(2), 221-236.
Braam, C., & Malott, R. W. (1990). „I‘ll do it when the snow melts.“ The effects of deadlines and delays on rule-governed behavior. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior. 8, 67-76.
Catania, A. C. (1999). Aprendizagem: comportamento, linguagem e cognição (D. G. Souza, Trans.). Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas (Original work published 1998).
Catania, A. C. (2003). Verbal governance, verbal shaping and attention to verbal stimuli. In K. A. Lattal & P. N. Chase (Eds.), Behavior Theory and Philosophy (pp. 301-321). New York: Plenum Publishers.
Catania, A. C., Matthews, B. A., & Shimoff, E. (1982). Instruct versus shaped human verbal behavior: interactions with nonverbal responding. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 38(3), 233-248.
De Rose, J. C. (1999). O que é um skinneriano? Uma reflexão sobre mestre, discípulos e influência intelectual. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva, 1, 67-74.
Hübner, M. M. C. (2003). Comportamento verbal e não verbal: efeitos de reforçamento de tactos com autoclíticos referentes ao ler sobre o tempo dispendido com leitura. In H. M. Sadi & N. M. Castro (Eds.), Ciência e comportamento: conhecer e avançar (pp. 163-173). Santo André: ESETec.
Hübner, M. M., Austin, J., & Miguel, C. F. (2008). The effects of praising qualifying autoclitics on the frequency of reading. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 24, 55-62.
Ladouceur, R., Rhéaume, J., Freeston, M. H., Aublet, F, Jean, K., Lachance, S. Langlois, F., & De Pokomandy-Morin, K. (1995). Experimental manipulations of responsibility: an analogue test for models of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 8, 937-946.
Ladouceur, R., Léger, E., Rhéaume, J., & Dubé, D. (1996). Correction of inflated responsibility in treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 34, 767-774.
Ladouceur, R., Rhéaume, J., & Aublet, F. (1997). Excessive responsability in obsessional concerns: a fine-grained experimental analysis. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 35, 423-427.
Lloyd, K. E. (2002). Suggestions of correspondence training: suggestions for a revival. The Behavior Analyst, 25, 57-73.
Lopatka, C., & Rachman, S. (1995). Perceived responsibility and compulsive checking: an experimental analysis. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 33(6), 673-684.
Malott, R. W. (1988). Rule-governed behavior and behavioral anthropology. The Behavior Analyst, 11, 181-203
Malott, R. W. (1989). The achievement of evasive goals controlled by rules describing contingencies that are not direct-acting. In S. C. Hayes (Ed.), Rule governed-behavior: cognition, contingencies, and instructional control (pp.269-322). New York: Plenum.
Mancini, F., D’Olimpio, F., & Cieri, L. (2004). Manipulation of responsibility in non-clinical subjects: does expectation of failure exacerbate obsessive-compulsive behaviors? Behavioral Research and Therapy, 42, 449-457.
Matos, M. A. (2001). Comportamento governado por regras. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva, 3(2), 51-66.
Michael, J. (1982). Distinguishing between discriminative and motivational functions of stimuli. Journal of Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 37, 149-155.
Michael, J. (1993). Establishing operations. The Behavior Analyst, 33, 401-410.
Michael, J. (2000). Implications and refinements of establishing operations. Journal of Applied Analysis of Behavior, 33, 401-410.
Mistr, K. N., & Glenn, S. (1992). Evocative and function-altering effects of contingency-specifiyng stimuli. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 10, 11-21.
Rachman, S. (2002). A cognitive theory of compulsive checking. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 40, 625-639.
Reitman, D., & Gross, A. (1996). Delayed outcomes and rule-governed behavior among noncompliant” and “compliant” boys: a replication and extension. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 13, 65-77.
Salkovskis, P. M. (1995). Cognitive-behavioral approaches to the understanding of obsessional problems. In R. M. Rapee (Ed.), Current controversies in the anxiety disorders (pp. 103-133). London: Guilford.
Salkovskis, P. M., Richards, H. C., & Forrester, E., (1995). The relationship between obsessional problems and intrusive thoughts. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 23, 281-299.
Schlinger, H., & Blakely, E. (1987). Function-altering effects of contingency-specifying stimuli. The Behavior Analyst, 10, 41-45.
Sidman, M. (2001). Coerção e suas implicações (M. A. Andery & T. M. Sério, Trans.). Campinas: Livro Pleno (Original work published in 1989).
Skinner, B. F. (1968). Science and human behavior. New York/London: Free Press/Collier Macmillan (Original work published in 1953).
Skinner, B. F. (1976). About behaviorism. New York: Vintage Books (Original work published in 1974).
Skinner, B. F. (1992). Verbal behavior (Definitive edition). Acton, MA: Copley Publishing Group (Original work published in 1957).
Zamignani, D. R. (2001). Uma tentativa de entendimento do comportamento obsessivo-compulsivo: algumas variáveis negligenciadas. In R. C. Wielenska (Ed.), Sobre comportamento e cognição. Questionando e ampliando a teoria e as intervenções clínicas em outros contextos (pp. 247-256). Santo André: ESETec.
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Published
2011-09-22
How to Cite
Abreu, P. R., & Costa Hübner, M. M. (2011). Effects of Instructions on Checking Responses. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 27(3), 301–308. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17537
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Estudos Empíricos
