Revisiting some Attachment Theory Concepts:
Behavior versus Representation?
Keywords:
Attachment and psychoanalysis, Attachment behavior, Attachment representationAbstract
This paper proposes a revision of some attachment theory concepts, especially those about attachment, attachment behavior, and internal representational model. It discusses such concepts according to the ideas of Bowlby and some contemporary authors. The dichotomy between behavior and attachment representation is questioned, as well as the stability and specificity of the internal representational model, based on the main theoreticians of this field, especially the psychoanalytical ones. It is evaluated the relevance of the representational dimension and its role as emotions’ regulator and self organizer, and the implications of such roles for Clinical and Development Psychology and for future studies.
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References
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Cassidy, J. (1999). The nature of the child’s ties. Em J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Orgs.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 3-20). New York: Guilford.
Cook, W. L. (2000). Understanding attachment security in family context. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 285-294.
Eagle, M. (1997). Attachment and psychoanalysis. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 70, 217-229.
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Goossens, F. A., & Van Ijzendoorn, M. (1990). Quality of infant’s attachments to professional caregivers: Relations to infant-parent attachment and daycare characteristics. Child Development, 61, 832-837.
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Main, M. (2000). The organized categories of infant, child and adult attachment: Flexible vs. inflexible attention under attachment-related stress. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association. 48, 1055-1127.
Main, M., Kaplan, N., & Cassidy, J. (1985). Security in infancy, childhood, and adulthhood: A move to the level of representation. Em I. Bretherton & E. Waters (Org.), Growing points of attachment theory and research. Monografhs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50, 66-106.
Main, M., & Weston, D. (1981). The quality of the toddler’s relationship to mother and to father: Related to conflict behavior and the readiness to establish new relationships. Child Development, 52, 932-940.
Slade, A. (1996). A view attachment theory and research. Journal of Clinical Psychoanalysis, 5, 112-123.
Slade, A. (1999). Attachment theory and research: Implications for the theory and practice of individual psychotherapy with adults. Em J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Orgs.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 575-594). New York: Guilford.
Slade, A. (2000). The development and organization of attachment: Implications for psychoanalysis. Journal American Psychoanalytic Association, 48, 1147-1174.
Steele, H. Steele, M., & Fonagy, P. (1996). Associations among attachment classifications of mothers, fathers and their infants. Child Development, 67, 541-555.
Target, M. (2007). Teoria e pesquisa sobre apego. Em E. S. Person, A. M. Cooper, & G. O. Gabbard (Org.), Compêndio de psicanálise (pp. 169-182) (D. Bueno, Trad.). Porto Alegre: Artmed. (Trabalho original publicado em 2005)
Winnicott, D. (1975). O brincar e a realidade (J. O. A. Abreu e V. Nobre, Trad.). Rio de Janeiro: Imago. (Trabalho original publicado em 1971)
Winnicott, D. (1982). O ambiente e os processos de maturação (I. C. S. Ortiz, Trad.). Porto Alegre: ArteMed. (Trabalho original publicado em 1979)
Winnicott, D. (2000). Da pediatria à psicanálise (J. Russo, Trad.). Rio de Janeiro: Imago. (Trabalho original publicado em 1978)
Baldwin, M. W., Keelan, J. P. R., Fehr, B., Enns, V., & Koh-Rangarajoo, E. (1996). Social- cognitive conceptualization of attachment working models: Availability and accessibility effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 94-109.
Belsky, J., & Rovine, M. (1987). Temperament and attachment security within strange situation: An empirical rapprochment. Child Development, 58, 787-795.
Berlin, L. J., & Cassidy, J. (1999). Relations among relationships: Contributions from attachment theory and research. Em J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Orgs.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 688-712). New York: Guilford.
Bion, W. R. (1997). Aprendiendo de la experiência (H. Fernández, Trad.). Barcelona: Paidos. (Trabalho original publicado em 1962)
Bion, W. R. (2004). Elementos de psicanálise (J. Salomão, Trad.). Rio de Janeiro: Imago. (Trabalho original publicado em 1963)
Bowlby, J. (1989). Uma base segura: aplicações clínicas da teoria do apego (S. M. Barros, Trad.). Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas. (Trabalho original publicado em 1988)
Bowlby, J. (1990). Apego e perda, Vol 1. Apego: a natureza do vínculo (2a ed). São Paulo: Martins Fontes. (Trabalho original publicado em 1969)
Bowlby, J. (1997). Formação e rompimento dos laços afetivos (3a ed.). São Paulo: Martins Fontes. (Trabalho original publicado em 1979)
Bowlby, J. (1998a). Apego e perda, Vol. 2. Separação: angústia e raiva (3a ed). São Paulo: Martins Fontes. (Trabalho original publicado em 1973)
Bowlby, J. (1998b). Apego e Perda, Vol 3. Perda: tristeza e depressão (2a ed). São Paulo: Martins Fontes. (Trabalho original publicado em 1973)
Bretherton, I., & Munholland, K. A. (1999). Internal working models in attachment relationships. Em J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Orgs.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 89-111). New York: Guilford.
Cassidy, J. (1999). The nature of the child’s ties. Em J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Orgs.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 3-20). New York: Guilford.
Cook, W. L. (2000). Understanding attachment security in family context. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 285-294.
Eagle, M. (1997). Attachment and psychoanalysis. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 70, 217-229.
Fonagy, P. (1999). Persistências transgeneracionales del apego: Uma nova teoria. Revista de Psicoanalisis. Aperturas Psicoanalíticas, 3. Retirado em 29/11/2007, de http://www.aperturas.org/23fonagy.html.
Fonagy, P. (2000). Apegos patológicos y acción terapéutica. Revista de Psicoanalisis. Aperturas Psicoanalíticas, 4. Retirado em 29/11/2007, de http://www.aperturas.org/4fonagy.html.
Fonagy, P. (2001). Attachment theory and psychoanalisis. New York: Other.
Fonagy, P. (2007). Teoria psicanalítica do desenvolvimento. Em E. S. Person, A. M. Cooper & G. O. Gabbard (Orgs.), Compêndio de psicanálise (pp. 143-156). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Fonagy, P., Gergely, G., Jurist, E. L., & Target, M. (2002). Affect regulation, mentalization, and the development of the self. New York: Other.
Fox, N. A., Kimmerly, N. L., & Schafer, W. D. (1991). Attachment to mother/attachment to father: A meta-analysis. Child Development, 62, 210-225.
George, C., Kaplan, N., & Main, M. (1985). The adult attachment interview. Unpublished manuscript, University of California, Berkeley.
Goossens, F. A., & Van Ijzendoorn, M. (1990). Quality of infant’s attachments to professional caregivers: Relations to infant-parent attachment and daycare characteristics. Child Development, 61, 832-837.
Howes, C. (1999). Attachment relationships in the context of multiple caregivers. Em J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Orgs.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 671-687). New York: Guilford.
Lyons-Ruth, K., & Jacobovitz, D. (1999). Attachment disorganization: Unresolved loss, relational violence, and lapses in behavioral and attentional strategies. Em J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Orgs.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 520-554). New York: Guilford.
Main, M. (1999). Attachment theory: Eighteen points with suggestions for future studies. Em J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Orgs.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 845-888). New York: Guilford.
Main, M. (2000). The organized categories of infant, child and adult attachment: Flexible vs. inflexible attention under attachment-related stress. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association. 48, 1055-1127.
Main, M., Kaplan, N., & Cassidy, J. (1985). Security in infancy, childhood, and adulthhood: A move to the level of representation. Em I. Bretherton & E. Waters (Org.), Growing points of attachment theory and research. Monografhs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50, 66-106.
Main, M., & Weston, D. (1981). The quality of the toddler’s relationship to mother and to father: Related to conflict behavior and the readiness to establish new relationships. Child Development, 52, 932-940.
Slade, A. (1996). A view attachment theory and research. Journal of Clinical Psychoanalysis, 5, 112-123.
Slade, A. (1999). Attachment theory and research: Implications for the theory and practice of individual psychotherapy with adults. Em J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Orgs.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 575-594). New York: Guilford.
Slade, A. (2000). The development and organization of attachment: Implications for psychoanalysis. Journal American Psychoanalytic Association, 48, 1147-1174.
Steele, H. Steele, M., & Fonagy, P. (1996). Associations among attachment classifications of mothers, fathers and their infants. Child Development, 67, 541-555.
Target, M. (2007). Teoria e pesquisa sobre apego. Em E. S. Person, A. M. Cooper, & G. O. Gabbard (Org.), Compêndio de psicanálise (pp. 169-182) (D. Bueno, Trad.). Porto Alegre: Artmed. (Trabalho original publicado em 2005)
Winnicott, D. (1975). O brincar e a realidade (J. O. A. Abreu e V. Nobre, Trad.). Rio de Janeiro: Imago. (Trabalho original publicado em 1971)
Winnicott, D. (1982). O ambiente e os processos de maturação (I. C. S. Ortiz, Trad.). Porto Alegre: ArteMed. (Trabalho original publicado em 1979)
Winnicott, D. (2000). Da pediatria à psicanálise (J. Russo, Trad.). Rio de Janeiro: Imago. (Trabalho original publicado em 1978)
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Published
2010-05-11
How to Cite
Ramires, V. R. R., & Schneider, M. S. (2010). Revisiting some Attachment Theory Concepts:: Behavior versus Representation?. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 26(1), 25. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17456
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