VALIDATION OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL TEST OF VISUAL-MOTOR INTEGRATION (VMI) FOR USE IN BRAZIL
Keywords:
VMI, Psychometrics, Psychomotor development, Bender visual-motor gestalt test, Coloured progressive matricesAbstract
This work intended to validate the VMI for Brazil. VMI is
an assessment instrument that evaluates the ability of children to copy
geometric forms. It has been shown to have great usefulness in the
assessment of learning disabilities, as well as to be of valuable help to teachers and the school and clinical psychologist. The sample was
composed of 620 children between the ages of 6 years 0 months and 11
years 11 months, from low SES (N=269) and high SES (N=351) all living
in the Federal District. A PC factor analysis identified two factors,
visual-motor and visual-motor integration, whose contents suggest the
existence of one general factor, development of visual-motor integration.
Concurrent validity with the Bender test and the Coloured Progressive
Matrices showed that VMI has a better structure than those tests. Both
Cronbach's alpha and interrater reliability are high.
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References
Armstrong, Ð’. Ð’., & Knopf, K.F. (1982). Comparison of the Bender-Gestalt and revised
Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 55,
164-166.
Beery, К. Е. (1982). Revised Administration, Scoring, and Teaching Manual for the
Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration. Cleveland: Modern Curriculum
Press.
Beery, К. Е. (1989). The VMI - Devebpmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration:
Administration, Scoring, and Teaching Manual. 3rd Revision. Cleveland: Modern
Curriculum Press.
Breen, M. (1982). Comparison of educationally handicapped students' scores on the
Revised Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration and Bender-Gestalt.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 54, 1227-1230.
Brown, M. J. (1977). Comparison of the Developmental Test of Visual-Motor
Integration and the Bender-Gestalt Test. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 45,
981-982.
Cosden, M. (1985). Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration. Test Critiques, IV,
229-237.
Curtis, С J.; Michael, J. J., & Michael, W. B. (1979). The predictive validity of the
Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration under group and individual modes
of administration relative to academic performance measures of second-grade
pupils without identifiable major learning disabilities. Educational and
Psychological Measurement, 39, 401-410.
DeMers, S. Т.; Wright, D., & Dappen, L. (1981). Comparison of scores no two
visual-motor tests for children referred for learning or adjustment difficulties.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 53, 863-867.
Fletcher, J. M., & Satz, P. (1982). Kindergarten prediction of reading achievement: A
seven-year longitudinal follow-up. Educatbnal and Psychobgical Measurement,
42, 681-685.
Friedman, R.; Fuerth, J. H., & Forsythe, A. B. (1980). A brief screening battery for
predicting school achievement at ages seven and nine years. Psychobgy in the
Schools, 17, 340-346.
Hartlage, L. C, & Lucas, T. L. (1976). Differential correlates of Bender-Gestait and
Beery Visual Motor Integration Test for black and for white children. Perceptual
and Motor Skills, 43, 1039-1042.
Klein, A. E. (1978). The validity of the Beery Test of Visual-Motor Integration in
predicting achievement in kindergarten, first, and second grades. Educational and
Psychological Measurement, 38, 457-461.
Koppitiz, E. M. (1987). О teste gestâltico Bender para crianças. Porto Alegre: Artes
Médicas.
Krauft, V. R. & Krauft, С. С. (1972). Structured vs unstructured visual-motor tests for
educable retarded children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 34, 691-694.
_ehman, J., & Breen, M. J. (1982). A comparative analysis of the Bender-Gestait and
Beery/Buktenica tests of visual-motor integration as a function of grade level for
regular education students. Psychology in the Schools, 19, 52-54.
Liemohn, W., & Wagner, P. (1975). Motor and perceptual determinants of performance
on the Bender-Gestait and the Beery Developmental scale by retarded males.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 40, 524-526.
Porter, G. L., & Binder, D. M. (1981). A pilot study of visual-motor development
inter-test reliability: The Beery Developmental Test of Visual-motor Integration and
the Bender Visual-motor Gestalt Test. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 14,
124-127.
Pryzwansky, W. B. (1977). The use of the Developmental Test of Visual-Motor
Integration as a group screening instrument. Psychology in the Schools, 14,
419-422.
Reynolds, С R.; Wright, D., & Wilkinson, W. A. (1980). Incremental validity of the Test
for Auditory Comprehension of Language and the Developmental Test of Visual
Motor Integration. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 40, 503-507.
Ryckman, D. Ð’.; Rentfrow, R.; Fargo, G., & McCartin, R. (1972). Reliabilities of three
tests of form-copying. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 34, 917-918.
Siewert, J. C, & Breen, M. J. (1983). The revised Test of Visual-Motor Integration: Its
relation to the Test of Visual-Motor Integration and Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt
Test for regular education students. Psychology in the Schools, 20, 304-306.
Skeen, J. A.; Strong, V. N., & Book, R. M. (1982). Comparison of learning disabled
children's performance on Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test and Beery's
Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 55,
1257-1258.
Snyder, P. P.; Snyder, R. Т., & Massong, S. F. (1981). The Visual Motor Integration
Test: High interjudge reliability, high potential for diagnostic error. Psychology in
the Schools, 18, 55-59.
Tucker, R. E. (1976). The relationships between perceptual-motor development and
academic achievement. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37A, 7536.
Webb, J., & Abe, K. (1984). Cross-cultural validity of the Developmental Test of
Visual-Motor Integration. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 58, 183-188.
Wright, D., & DeMers, S. (1982). Comparison of the relationship between two
measures of visual-motor coordination and academic achievement. Psychology in
the Schools, 19, 473-477.
Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 55,
164-166.
Beery, К. Е. (1982). Revised Administration, Scoring, and Teaching Manual for the
Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration. Cleveland: Modern Curriculum
Press.
Beery, К. Е. (1989). The VMI - Devebpmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration:
Administration, Scoring, and Teaching Manual. 3rd Revision. Cleveland: Modern
Curriculum Press.
Breen, M. (1982). Comparison of educationally handicapped students' scores on the
Revised Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration and Bender-Gestalt.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 54, 1227-1230.
Brown, M. J. (1977). Comparison of the Developmental Test of Visual-Motor
Integration and the Bender-Gestalt Test. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 45,
981-982.
Cosden, M. (1985). Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration. Test Critiques, IV,
229-237.
Curtis, С J.; Michael, J. J., & Michael, W. B. (1979). The predictive validity of the
Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration under group and individual modes
of administration relative to academic performance measures of second-grade
pupils without identifiable major learning disabilities. Educational and
Psychological Measurement, 39, 401-410.
DeMers, S. Т.; Wright, D., & Dappen, L. (1981). Comparison of scores no two
visual-motor tests for children referred for learning or adjustment difficulties.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 53, 863-867.
Fletcher, J. M., & Satz, P. (1982). Kindergarten prediction of reading achievement: A
seven-year longitudinal follow-up. Educatbnal and Psychobgical Measurement,
42, 681-685.
Friedman, R.; Fuerth, J. H., & Forsythe, A. B. (1980). A brief screening battery for
predicting school achievement at ages seven and nine years. Psychobgy in the
Schools, 17, 340-346.
Hartlage, L. C, & Lucas, T. L. (1976). Differential correlates of Bender-Gestait and
Beery Visual Motor Integration Test for black and for white children. Perceptual
and Motor Skills, 43, 1039-1042.
Klein, A. E. (1978). The validity of the Beery Test of Visual-Motor Integration in
predicting achievement in kindergarten, first, and second grades. Educational and
Psychological Measurement, 38, 457-461.
Koppitiz, E. M. (1987). О teste gestâltico Bender para crianças. Porto Alegre: Artes
Médicas.
Krauft, V. R. & Krauft, С. С. (1972). Structured vs unstructured visual-motor tests for
educable retarded children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 34, 691-694.
_ehman, J., & Breen, M. J. (1982). A comparative analysis of the Bender-Gestait and
Beery/Buktenica tests of visual-motor integration as a function of grade level for
regular education students. Psychology in the Schools, 19, 52-54.
Liemohn, W., & Wagner, P. (1975). Motor and perceptual determinants of performance
on the Bender-Gestait and the Beery Developmental scale by retarded males.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 40, 524-526.
Porter, G. L., & Binder, D. M. (1981). A pilot study of visual-motor development
inter-test reliability: The Beery Developmental Test of Visual-motor Integration and
the Bender Visual-motor Gestalt Test. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 14,
124-127.
Pryzwansky, W. B. (1977). The use of the Developmental Test of Visual-Motor
Integration as a group screening instrument. Psychology in the Schools, 14,
419-422.
Reynolds, С R.; Wright, D., & Wilkinson, W. A. (1980). Incremental validity of the Test
for Auditory Comprehension of Language and the Developmental Test of Visual
Motor Integration. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 40, 503-507.
Ryckman, D. Ð’.; Rentfrow, R.; Fargo, G., & McCartin, R. (1972). Reliabilities of three
tests of form-copying. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 34, 917-918.
Siewert, J. C, & Breen, M. J. (1983). The revised Test of Visual-Motor Integration: Its
relation to the Test of Visual-Motor Integration and Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt
Test for regular education students. Psychology in the Schools, 20, 304-306.
Skeen, J. A.; Strong, V. N., & Book, R. M. (1982). Comparison of learning disabled
children's performance on Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test and Beery's
Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 55,
1257-1258.
Snyder, P. P.; Snyder, R. Т., & Massong, S. F. (1981). The Visual Motor Integration
Test: High interjudge reliability, high potential for diagnostic error. Psychology in
the Schools, 18, 55-59.
Tucker, R. E. (1976). The relationships between perceptual-motor development and
academic achievement. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37A, 7536.
Webb, J., & Abe, K. (1984). Cross-cultural validity of the Developmental Test of
Visual-Motor Integration. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 58, 183-188.
Wright, D., & DeMers, S. (1982). Comparison of the relationship between two
measures of visual-motor coordination and academic achievement. Psychology in
the Schools, 19, 473-477.
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Published
2012-08-23
How to Cite
Pinelli Júnior, B., & Pasquali, L. (2012). VALIDATION OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL TEST OF VISUAL-MOTOR INTEGRATION (VMI) FOR USE IN BRAZIL. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 8(02), 187–205. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17132
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