Comprometimento Organizacional:
Bases para uma Abordagem Processual
Palavras-chave:
Psicologia; Psicologia Organizacional e do Trabalho, Comprometimento organizacional, Estudos longitudinais, Contextualização em estudos organizacionaisResumo
O comprometimento organizacional é um importante construto que trata dos vínculos de compromissos entre trabalhador e organização empregadora. O presente estudo objetiva discutir bases teóricas para uma abordagem processual desse conceito. Para tanto, discute-se a importância da contextualização da pesquisa, a diversidade de definições e da natureza do construto, assim como é apresentada uma revisão de pesquisas conduzidas a partir de delineamentos longitudinais. Além da necessidade de incorporar nas pesquisas a questão do contexto e das mudanças, reafirma-se a necessidade de desenvolver mais estudos longitudinais em consonância com uma visão dinâmica do comprometimento organizacional, que o percebe como um construto em mudança ao longo do tempo.
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Referências
Armstrong-Stassen, M. (2002). Designated redundant but escaping
lay-off: A special group of lay-off survivors. Journal of
Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 75, 1-13.
Armstrong-Stassen, M., Cameron, S. J., Mantler, J., & Horsburgh,
M. E. (2001). The impact of hospital amalgamation on the
job attitudes of nurses. Canadian Journal of Administrative
Sciences, 18(3), 149-162.
Bastos, A. V. B. (1998, setembro). Comprometimento no trabalho:
contextos em mudança e os rumos da pesquisa deste domínio
[Tape recording]. In Anais, 22. Encontro da ANPAD, 1998,
Foz do Iguaçu, PR.
Bastos, A. V. B., Rodrigues, A. C. A., Moscon, D. C. B., Silva, E. E.
C., & Pinho, A. P. M. (2013). Comprometimento no Trabalho:
fundamentos para a gestão de Pessoas. In L. O. Borges, & L.
Mourão (Eds.), O Trabalho e as Organizações ”“ atuações a
partir da Psicologia (pp. 279-310). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Beck, K., & Wilson, C. (2000). Development of Affective
Organizational Commitment: A Cross-Sequential Examination
of Change with Tenure. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56,
114-136.
Beck, K., & Wilson, C. (2001). Have we studied, should we
study, and can we study the development of commitment?
Methodological issues and the developmental study of workrelated
commitment. Human Resource Management Review,
11, 257-278.
Becker, T. E., Klein, H. J., & Meyer, J. P. (2009). Commitment in
organizations: accumulated wisdom and new directions. In
H. J. Klein, T. E. Becker, & J. P. Meyer (Eds.), Commitment
in Organizations. Accumulated Wisdom and New Directions.
(pp. 419-452). New York / London: Routledge ”“ Taylor &
Francis Group.
Bentein, K., Vandenberg, R., Vandenberghe, C., & Stinglhamber,
F. (2005). The role of change in the relationship between
commitment and turnover: a latent growth modeling approach.
Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(3), 468-482.
Cohen, A. (2003). Multiple commitments in workplaces: an
integrative approach. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates.
Cohen, A., & Freund, A. (2005). A longitudinal analysis of the
relationship between multiple commitments and withdrawal
cognitions. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 21, 329-
351.
Cooper-Hakim, A., & Viswesvaran, C. (2005). The construct
of work commitment: testing an integrative framework.
Psychological Bulletin, 131(2), 241-259.
Crano, W. D., & Prislin, R. (2006). Attitudes and persuasion. Annual
Review of Psychology, 57, 354-374.
Cunha, M. P., Rego, A., Cunha, R. C., & Cabral-Cardoso, C.
(2004). Comportamento organizacional: disposições, situações
e percepções (2004). In M. P. Cunha, A. Rego, R. C. Cunha,
& C. Cabral-Cardoso (Eds.), Manual de comportamento
organizacional e gestão (pp. 95-120). Lisboa: Editora RH.
Donaldson, S. I., Ensher, E. A., & Grant-Vallone, E. J. (2000).
Longitudinal Examination of Mentoring Relationships on
Organizational Commitment and Citizenship Behavior. Journal
of Career Development, 26(4), 233-249.
Gouveia, V. V., Santos, W. S., & Milfort, T. L. (2009). O uso
da estatística na avaliação psicológica: comentários e
considerações práticas. In C. S. Hutz (Ed.). Avanços e
polêmicas em avaliação psicológica: em homenagem a Jurema
Alcides Cunha (pp. 127-156). São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo.
Johnston, M. W., Griffeth, R. W., Burton, S., & Carson, P. P. (1993).
An exploratory investigation in to the relationships between
promotion and turnover: A quasi-experimental longitudinal
study. Journal of Management, 19, 33-49.
Kelman, H. C. (2006). Interests, relationships, identities: three
central issues for individuals and groups in negotiating their
social environment. Annual Review of Psychology, 57(1),
01-26.
Klein, H. J., Molloy, J. C., & Cooper, J. T. (2009). Conceptual
foundations: construct definitions and theoretical representations
of workplace commitments. In T. E. Becker, H. J. Klein, & J.
P. Meyer, (Eds.), Commitment in Organizations. Accumulated
Wisdom and New Directions (pp. 3-36). New York / London:
Routledge ”“ Taylor & Francis Group.
Majchrzak, A., & Cotton, J. (1988). A longitudinal study of
adjustment to technological change: From mass to computerautomated
batch production. Journal of Occupational
Psychology, 61, 43-66.
Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1990). A Review and Meta-
Analysis of the Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences of
Organizational Commitment. Psychological Bulletin, 108(2),
171-194.
Menezes, I. G., & Bastos, A. V. B. (2009). Bases sociológicas,
antropológicas e psicológicas do comprometimento
organizacional. Psicologia em Revista, 15(3), 200-215.
Meyer, J. P. (2009). Commitment in a changing world of work. In
T. E. Becker, H. J. Klein, & J. P. Meyer, (Eds.), Commitment
in Organizations. Accumulated Wisdom and New Directions
(pp. 37-68). New York / London: Routledge ”“ Taylor & Francis
Group.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component
conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human
Resource Management Review, 1, 61-89.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in the workplace:
theory, research and application. Thousands Oaks: SAGE.
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, J. D., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L.
(2002). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to
the Organization: A Meta-analysis of Antecedents, Correlates,
and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61, 20-52.
Morrow, P. C. (1993). The theory and measurement of work
commitment. Greenwich, CT: Jai.
Morrow, P. C. (2011). Managing organizational commitment:
Insights from longitudinal research. Journal of Vocational
Behavior, 79, 18-35.
Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., & Steers, R. M. (1982). Employeeorganization
linkages - the psychology of commitment,
absenteeism, and turnover. New York: Academic Press.
Newman, J. M., & Krzystofiak, F. J. (1993). Changes in employee
attitudes after an acquisition. Group & Organizational Studies,
18(4), 390−410.
Nord, W. R., & Fox, S. (2004). O indivíduo nos estudos
organizacionais: o grande ato de desaparecimento? In: S. R.
Clegg, C. Hardy, & W. Nord (Eds.). Handbook de Estudos
Organizacionais (pp. 186-225). São Paulo: Atlas.
Osigweh, C. A. B. (1989). Concept fallibility in organizational
science. Academy of Management. The Academy of
Management Review, 14(4), 579-594.
Peiró, J. M., & Tetrick, L. (2011). Occupational Health Psychology.
In P. R. Martin, F. M. Cheung, M. C. Knowles, M. C. Kyrios,
L. Littlefield, J. B. Overmier, & J. M. Prieto (Eds.), IAAP
Handbook of Applied Psychology (pp. 292-315). Oxford:
Blackwell Publishing.
Ployhart, R. E., & Vandenberg, R. J. (2010). Longitudinal
research: the theory, design, and analysis of change. Journal
of Management, 36(1), 94-120.
Riketta, M., & Van Dick, R. (2009). Commitment´s Place in the
Literature. In T. E. Becker, H. J. Klein, & J. P. Meyer, (Eds.),
Commitment in Organizations. Accumulated Wisdom and New
Directions (pp. 67-95). New York / London: Routledge ”“ Taylor
& Francis Group.
Riggle, R. J., Edmondson, D. R., & Hansen, J. D. (2009). A metaanalysis
of the relationship between perceived organizational
support and job outcomes: 20 years of research. Journal of
Business Research, 62, 1027-1030.
Rodrigues, A. C. A., & Bastos, A. V. B. (2012). Entrincheiramento
organizacional: construção e validação da escala. Psicologia:
Reflexão e Crítica, 25, 688-700.
Roe, R. A., Waller, M. J., & Clegg, S. R. (2009). Time in
organizational research. New York; London: Routledge.
Rousseau, D. M. (1995). Psychological contract in organizations:
understanding written and unwritten agreements. Thousand
Oaks, CA: Sage, London.
Rousseau, D. M. (1997). Organizational behavior in the new era.
Annual Review of Psychology, 48, 515-546.
Rousseau, D. M., & Fried, Y. (2001). Location, location,
location: contextualizing organizational research. Journal of
Organizational Behavior, 22, 1-13.
Scheible, A. C. F., Bastos, A. V. B., & Rodrigues, A. C. A. (2007,
setembro). Comprometimento e Entrincheiramento: Integrar
ou Reconstruir? Uma Exploração das Relações entre estes
Construtos à luz do Desempenho. [Tape recording]. In Anais,
31. Encontro da ANPAD, 2007, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.
Silva E. E. C., & Bastos, A. V. B. (2010). A escala de consentimento
organizacional: construção e evidências de sua validade.
Revista Psicologia: Organizações e Trabalho, 10(1), 7-22.
Solinger, O. N., Van Olffen, W., & Roe, R. A. (2008). Beyond
the three-component model of organizational commitment.
Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 70-83.
Van Maanen, J. (1975). Police socialization: A longitudinal
examination of job attitudes in an urban police department.
Administrative Science Quarterly, 20, 207-228.
Wright, P. M., & Kehoe, R. R. (2009). Organizational-Level
Antecedents and Consequences of Commitment. In T. E.
Becker, H. J. Klein, & J. P. Meyer, (Eds.), Commitment in
Organizations. Accumulated Wisdom and New Directions.
(pp. 285-307). New York / London: Routledge ”“ Taylor &
Francis Group.
lay-off: A special group of lay-off survivors. Journal of
Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 75, 1-13.
Armstrong-Stassen, M., Cameron, S. J., Mantler, J., & Horsburgh,
M. E. (2001). The impact of hospital amalgamation on the
job attitudes of nurses. Canadian Journal of Administrative
Sciences, 18(3), 149-162.
Bastos, A. V. B. (1998, setembro). Comprometimento no trabalho:
contextos em mudança e os rumos da pesquisa deste domínio
[Tape recording]. In Anais, 22. Encontro da ANPAD, 1998,
Foz do Iguaçu, PR.
Bastos, A. V. B., Rodrigues, A. C. A., Moscon, D. C. B., Silva, E. E.
C., & Pinho, A. P. M. (2013). Comprometimento no Trabalho:
fundamentos para a gestão de Pessoas. In L. O. Borges, & L.
Mourão (Eds.), O Trabalho e as Organizações ”“ atuações a
partir da Psicologia (pp. 279-310). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Beck, K., & Wilson, C. (2000). Development of Affective
Organizational Commitment: A Cross-Sequential Examination
of Change with Tenure. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56,
114-136.
Beck, K., & Wilson, C. (2001). Have we studied, should we
study, and can we study the development of commitment?
Methodological issues and the developmental study of workrelated
commitment. Human Resource Management Review,
11, 257-278.
Becker, T. E., Klein, H. J., & Meyer, J. P. (2009). Commitment in
organizations: accumulated wisdom and new directions. In
H. J. Klein, T. E. Becker, & J. P. Meyer (Eds.), Commitment
in Organizations. Accumulated Wisdom and New Directions.
(pp. 419-452). New York / London: Routledge ”“ Taylor &
Francis Group.
Bentein, K., Vandenberg, R., Vandenberghe, C., & Stinglhamber,
F. (2005). The role of change in the relationship between
commitment and turnover: a latent growth modeling approach.
Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(3), 468-482.
Cohen, A. (2003). Multiple commitments in workplaces: an
integrative approach. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates.
Cohen, A., & Freund, A. (2005). A longitudinal analysis of the
relationship between multiple commitments and withdrawal
cognitions. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 21, 329-
351.
Cooper-Hakim, A., & Viswesvaran, C. (2005). The construct
of work commitment: testing an integrative framework.
Psychological Bulletin, 131(2), 241-259.
Crano, W. D., & Prislin, R. (2006). Attitudes and persuasion. Annual
Review of Psychology, 57, 354-374.
Cunha, M. P., Rego, A., Cunha, R. C., & Cabral-Cardoso, C.
(2004). Comportamento organizacional: disposições, situações
e percepções (2004). In M. P. Cunha, A. Rego, R. C. Cunha,
& C. Cabral-Cardoso (Eds.), Manual de comportamento
organizacional e gestão (pp. 95-120). Lisboa: Editora RH.
Donaldson, S. I., Ensher, E. A., & Grant-Vallone, E. J. (2000).
Longitudinal Examination of Mentoring Relationships on
Organizational Commitment and Citizenship Behavior. Journal
of Career Development, 26(4), 233-249.
Gouveia, V. V., Santos, W. S., & Milfort, T. L. (2009). O uso
da estatística na avaliação psicológica: comentários e
considerações práticas. In C. S. Hutz (Ed.). Avanços e
polêmicas em avaliação psicológica: em homenagem a Jurema
Alcides Cunha (pp. 127-156). São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo.
Johnston, M. W., Griffeth, R. W., Burton, S., & Carson, P. P. (1993).
An exploratory investigation in to the relationships between
promotion and turnover: A quasi-experimental longitudinal
study. Journal of Management, 19, 33-49.
Kelman, H. C. (2006). Interests, relationships, identities: three
central issues for individuals and groups in negotiating their
social environment. Annual Review of Psychology, 57(1),
01-26.
Klein, H. J., Molloy, J. C., & Cooper, J. T. (2009). Conceptual
foundations: construct definitions and theoretical representations
of workplace commitments. In T. E. Becker, H. J. Klein, & J.
P. Meyer, (Eds.), Commitment in Organizations. Accumulated
Wisdom and New Directions (pp. 3-36). New York / London:
Routledge ”“ Taylor & Francis Group.
Majchrzak, A., & Cotton, J. (1988). A longitudinal study of
adjustment to technological change: From mass to computerautomated
batch production. Journal of Occupational
Psychology, 61, 43-66.
Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1990). A Review and Meta-
Analysis of the Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences of
Organizational Commitment. Psychological Bulletin, 108(2),
171-194.
Menezes, I. G., & Bastos, A. V. B. (2009). Bases sociológicas,
antropológicas e psicológicas do comprometimento
organizacional. Psicologia em Revista, 15(3), 200-215.
Meyer, J. P. (2009). Commitment in a changing world of work. In
T. E. Becker, H. J. Klein, & J. P. Meyer, (Eds.), Commitment
in Organizations. Accumulated Wisdom and New Directions
(pp. 37-68). New York / London: Routledge ”“ Taylor & Francis
Group.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component
conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human
Resource Management Review, 1, 61-89.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in the workplace:
theory, research and application. Thousands Oaks: SAGE.
Meyer, J. P., Stanley, J. D., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L.
(2002). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to
the Organization: A Meta-analysis of Antecedents, Correlates,
and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61, 20-52.
Morrow, P. C. (1993). The theory and measurement of work
commitment. Greenwich, CT: Jai.
Morrow, P. C. (2011). Managing organizational commitment:
Insights from longitudinal research. Journal of Vocational
Behavior, 79, 18-35.
Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., & Steers, R. M. (1982). Employeeorganization
linkages - the psychology of commitment,
absenteeism, and turnover. New York: Academic Press.
Newman, J. M., & Krzystofiak, F. J. (1993). Changes in employee
attitudes after an acquisition. Group & Organizational Studies,
18(4), 390−410.
Nord, W. R., & Fox, S. (2004). O indivíduo nos estudos
organizacionais: o grande ato de desaparecimento? In: S. R.
Clegg, C. Hardy, & W. Nord (Eds.). Handbook de Estudos
Organizacionais (pp. 186-225). São Paulo: Atlas.
Osigweh, C. A. B. (1989). Concept fallibility in organizational
science. Academy of Management. The Academy of
Management Review, 14(4), 579-594.
Peiró, J. M., & Tetrick, L. (2011). Occupational Health Psychology.
In P. R. Martin, F. M. Cheung, M. C. Knowles, M. C. Kyrios,
L. Littlefield, J. B. Overmier, & J. M. Prieto (Eds.), IAAP
Handbook of Applied Psychology (pp. 292-315). Oxford:
Blackwell Publishing.
Ployhart, R. E., & Vandenberg, R. J. (2010). Longitudinal
research: the theory, design, and analysis of change. Journal
of Management, 36(1), 94-120.
Riketta, M., & Van Dick, R. (2009). Commitment´s Place in the
Literature. In T. E. Becker, H. J. Klein, & J. P. Meyer, (Eds.),
Commitment in Organizations. Accumulated Wisdom and New
Directions (pp. 67-95). New York / London: Routledge ”“ Taylor
& Francis Group.
Riggle, R. J., Edmondson, D. R., & Hansen, J. D. (2009). A metaanalysis
of the relationship between perceived organizational
support and job outcomes: 20 years of research. Journal of
Business Research, 62, 1027-1030.
Rodrigues, A. C. A., & Bastos, A. V. B. (2012). Entrincheiramento
organizacional: construção e validação da escala. Psicologia:
Reflexão e Crítica, 25, 688-700.
Roe, R. A., Waller, M. J., & Clegg, S. R. (2009). Time in
organizational research. New York; London: Routledge.
Rousseau, D. M. (1995). Psychological contract in organizations:
understanding written and unwritten agreements. Thousand
Oaks, CA: Sage, London.
Rousseau, D. M. (1997). Organizational behavior in the new era.
Annual Review of Psychology, 48, 515-546.
Rousseau, D. M., & Fried, Y. (2001). Location, location,
location: contextualizing organizational research. Journal of
Organizational Behavior, 22, 1-13.
Scheible, A. C. F., Bastos, A. V. B., & Rodrigues, A. C. A. (2007,
setembro). Comprometimento e Entrincheiramento: Integrar
ou Reconstruir? Uma Exploração das Relações entre estes
Construtos à luz do Desempenho. [Tape recording]. In Anais,
31. Encontro da ANPAD, 2007, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.
Silva E. E. C., & Bastos, A. V. B. (2010). A escala de consentimento
organizacional: construção e evidências de sua validade.
Revista Psicologia: Organizações e Trabalho, 10(1), 7-22.
Solinger, O. N., Van Olffen, W., & Roe, R. A. (2008). Beyond
the three-component model of organizational commitment.
Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 70-83.
Van Maanen, J. (1975). Police socialization: A longitudinal
examination of job attitudes in an urban police department.
Administrative Science Quarterly, 20, 207-228.
Wright, P. M., & Kehoe, R. R. (2009). Organizational-Level
Antecedents and Consequences of Commitment. In T. E.
Becker, H. J. Klein, & J. P. Meyer, (Eds.), Commitment in
Organizations. Accumulated Wisdom and New Directions.
(pp. 285-307). New York / London: Routledge ”“ Taylor &
Francis Group.
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2014-12-22
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Costa, F. M., & Bastos, A. V. B. (2014). Comprometimento Organizacional:: Bases para uma Abordagem Processual. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 30(3), 329–337. Recuperado de https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/18211
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