Modelos Explicativos da Memória Prospectiva:
Uma Revisão Teórica
Palavras-chave:
Psicologia Cognitiva; Psicologia da Memória, Memória prospectiva, Recuperação, Retenção, CodificaçãoResumo
Neste artigo é apresentada uma revisão de literatura sobre os mecanismos cognitivos associados à memória prospetiva, organizados de acordo com a divisão das diferentes fases da recordação prospetiva (i.e., codificação, retenção e recuperação). Começamos por apresentar a diversidade de dados da investigação que sustentam diferentes abordagens explicativas do fenómeno de recuperação de intenções considerando a natureza automática ou estratégica da memória prospetiva. De seguida salientam-se as potenciais explicações sobre os mecanismos presentes durante o intervalo de retenção e na fase de codificação.
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Referências
Banaji. M. R., & Crowder, R. G. (1989). The bankruptcy of everyday
memory. American Psychologist, 44, 1185-1193.
Brandimonte, M. A., & Passolunghi, M. C. (1994). The effect of
cue-familiarity, cue-distinctiveness, and retention interval
on prospective remembering. The Quarterly Journal of
Experimental Psychology, 47, 565-587.
Camp, C. J., Foss, J. W., Stevens, A. B., & O´Hanlon, A. M. (1996).
Memory interventions for persons with dementia. Applied
Cognitive Psychology, 10, 193-210.
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A
framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning
and Verbal Behavior, 11, 671-684.
Dismukes, K. (2010). Remembrance of things future: Prospective
memory in laboratory, workplace and everyday situations.
Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics, 6, 79-122.
Dobbs, A. R., & Rule, B. G. (1987). Prospective memory and selfreports
of memory abilities in older adults. Canadian Journal
of Psychology, 41, 209”“222.
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A (1996). Retrieval processes
in prospective memory: Theoretical approaches and some
new empirical findings. In M. Bandimonte, G. Einstein,
& M. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective memory: Theory and
applications (pp. 115-142). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1990). Normal aging and
prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 717-726.
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective
memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in
Psychological Science, 14, 286-290.
Einstein, G. O., Holland, L. J., McDaniel, M. A., & Guynn, M.
J. (1992). Age-related deficits in prospective memory: The
influence of task complexity. Psychology and Aging, 7, 471-
478.
Einstein, G. O., McDaniel, M. A., Smith, R. E., & Shaw, P. (1998).
Habitual prospective memory and aging: Remembering
intentions and forgetting actions, Psychological Science, 9,
284-288.
Einstein, G. O., McDaniel, M. A., Thomas, R., Mayfield, S., Shank,
H., & Morrisette, N. (2005). Multiple processes in prospective
memory retrieval: Factors determining monitoring versus
spontaneous retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
General, 134, 327-342.
Ellis, J. (1996). Prospective memory or the realization of delayed
intentions: A conceptual framework for research. In M.
Bandimonte, G. Einstein, & M. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective
memory: Theory and applications (pp. 115-142). Hillsdale,
NJ: Erlbaum.
Ellis, J., & Kvavilashvili, L. (2000). Prospective memory in
2000: Past, present, and future direction. Applied Cognitive
Psychology, 14, S1-S9.
Finstad, K., Bink, M., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2006).
Breaks and task switches in prospective memory. Applied
Cognitive Psychology, 20, 705-712.
Freeman, J. E., & Ellis, J. A. (2003). The representation of delayed
intentions: A prospective subject-performed task? Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,
29, 976-992.
Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999). Implementation intentions: Strong effects
of simple plans. American Psychologist, 54, 493-503.
Goschke, T., & Kuhl, J. (1993). Representation of intention:
Persisting activation in memory. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 1211-1226.
Graf, P., & Uttl, B. (2001). Prospective memory: A new focus of
research. Consciousness and Cognition, 10, 437-450.
Guajardo, N. R., & Best, D. L. (2000). Do preschoolers remember
what to do? Incentive and external cues in prospective memory.
Cognitive Development, 15, 75-97.
Guynn, M. J. (2003). A two-process model of strategic monitoring
in event-based prospective memory: Activation/retrieval
mode and checking. International Journal of Psychology,
38, 245-256.
Guynn, M. J., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (1998).
Prospective memory: When reminders fail. Memory &
Cognition, 26, 287-298.
Harris, J. E. (1984). Remembering to do things: A forgotten topic. In
J. E. Harris, & P. E. Morris (Eds.), Everyday memory, actions,
and absent mindedness (pp. 71-92). London: Academic Press.
Hicks, J. L., Marsh, R. L., & Russell, E. J. (2000). The properties
of retention intervals and their affect on retaining prospective
memories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning,
Memory, and Cognition, 26, 1160”“1169.
Kliegel, M., Martin, M., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O.
(2002). Complex prospective memory and executive control of
working memory: A process model. Psychologische Beiträge,
44, 303”“318.
Kliegel, M., Martin, M., McDaniel, M.A., Einstein, G. O., & Moor,
C. (2007). Realizing complex delayed intentions in young and
old adults: The role of planning aids. Memory & Cognition,
35, 1735-1746.
Kliegel, M., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2008). Prospective
memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental and applied
perspectives. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Liu, L. L., & Park., D. C. (2004). Aging and medical adherence:
The use of automatic processes to achieve effortful things.
Psychology and Aging, 19, 318-325.
Loukopoulos, L. D., Dismukes, R. K., & Barshi, I. (2009). The
multitasking myth: Handling complexity in real-world
operations. Aldershot, United Kingdom: Ashgate.
Marsh, R. L., & Hicks, J. L. (1998). Event-based prospective
memory and executive control of working memory. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,
24, 336-349.
Marsh, R. L., Hicks, J. L., & Cook, G. I. (2005). On the relationship
between effort toward an ongoing task and cue detection in
event-based prospective memory. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 31, 68-75.
Marsh., R. L., Hicks, J. L., & Cook., G. I. (2006). Task interference
from prospective memory covaries with contextual associations
of fulfilling them. Memory & Cognition, 34, 1037-1045.
Martin, M., Kliegel, M., & McDaniel, M. A. (2003). The
involvement of executive functions in prospective memory
performance of adults. International Journal of Psychology,
38, 195-206.
McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2000). Strategic and automatic
processes in prospective memory retrieval: A multiprocess
framework. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14, 127-144.
McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2007). Prospective memory:
An overview and synthesis of an emerging field. London: Sage.
McDaniel, M. A., Guynn, M. J., Einstein, G. O., & Breneiser, J.
E. (2004). Cue focused and automatic-associative processes
in prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
Learning. Memory and Cognition, 30, 605-614.
Meacham, J. A., & Leiman. B. (1982). Remembering to perform
future actions. In U. Neisser (Ed.), Memory observed:
Remembering in natural contexts (pp. 327-336). San Francisco:
Freeman.
Norman, W., & Shallice, T. (1983). Attention to action. In R. J.
Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness
and self-regulation: Advances in research and theory, Vol. 3
(pp. 1-18). New York: Plenum Press.
Roediger, H.L., III, & Karpicke, J. D. (2006). Test enhanced
learning: Taking memory tests improves long-term retention.
Psychological Science, 17, 249”“255.
Schank, R. C., & Abelson, R. P. (1977). Scripts, plans goals and
understanding: An enquiry into human knowledge structures.
Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Sellen, A. J., Louie, G., Harris, J. E., & Wilkins, A. J. (1997). What
brings intentions to mind? An in situ study of prospective
memory. Memory, 5, 483”“507.
Shallice, T., & Burgess, P. (1991). Deficits in strategy application
following frontal lobe damage in man. Brain, 114, 727-741.
Smith, R. E. (2003). The cost of remembering to remember in eventbased
prospective memory: Investigating the capacity demands
of delayed intention performance. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 29, 357-361.
Smith, R. E., & Bayen, U. J. (2004). A multinomial model of
event-based prospective memory. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30, 756-777.
Ward, H., Shum, D., McKinlay, L., Baker-Tweney, S., & Wallace,
G. (2005). Development of prospective memory: Tasks based
on the prefrontal-lobe model. Child Neuropsychology, 11,
527-549.
West, R. L. (1996) An application of prefrontal cortex theory to
cognitive aging. Psychological Bulletin, 120, 272-292.
Zimmermann, T. & Meier, B. (2010). The effect of implementation
intentions on prospective memory performance across the
lifespan. Applied Cognitive Pshychology, 24, 645-658.
memory. American Psychologist, 44, 1185-1193.
Brandimonte, M. A., & Passolunghi, M. C. (1994). The effect of
cue-familiarity, cue-distinctiveness, and retention interval
on prospective remembering. The Quarterly Journal of
Experimental Psychology, 47, 565-587.
Camp, C. J., Foss, J. W., Stevens, A. B., & O´Hanlon, A. M. (1996).
Memory interventions for persons with dementia. Applied
Cognitive Psychology, 10, 193-210.
Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A
framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning
and Verbal Behavior, 11, 671-684.
Dismukes, K. (2010). Remembrance of things future: Prospective
memory in laboratory, workplace and everyday situations.
Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics, 6, 79-122.
Dobbs, A. R., & Rule, B. G. (1987). Prospective memory and selfreports
of memory abilities in older adults. Canadian Journal
of Psychology, 41, 209”“222.
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A (1996). Retrieval processes
in prospective memory: Theoretical approaches and some
new empirical findings. In M. Bandimonte, G. Einstein,
& M. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective memory: Theory and
applications (pp. 115-142). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (1990). Normal aging and
prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 717-726.
Einstein, G. O., & McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Prospective
memory: Multiple retrieval processes. Current Directions in
Psychological Science, 14, 286-290.
Einstein, G. O., Holland, L. J., McDaniel, M. A., & Guynn, M.
J. (1992). Age-related deficits in prospective memory: The
influence of task complexity. Psychology and Aging, 7, 471-
478.
Einstein, G. O., McDaniel, M. A., Smith, R. E., & Shaw, P. (1998).
Habitual prospective memory and aging: Remembering
intentions and forgetting actions, Psychological Science, 9,
284-288.
Einstein, G. O., McDaniel, M. A., Thomas, R., Mayfield, S., Shank,
H., & Morrisette, N. (2005). Multiple processes in prospective
memory retrieval: Factors determining monitoring versus
spontaneous retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
General, 134, 327-342.
Ellis, J. (1996). Prospective memory or the realization of delayed
intentions: A conceptual framework for research. In M.
Bandimonte, G. Einstein, & M. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective
memory: Theory and applications (pp. 115-142). Hillsdale,
NJ: Erlbaum.
Ellis, J., & Kvavilashvili, L. (2000). Prospective memory in
2000: Past, present, and future direction. Applied Cognitive
Psychology, 14, S1-S9.
Finstad, K., Bink, M., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2006).
Breaks and task switches in prospective memory. Applied
Cognitive Psychology, 20, 705-712.
Freeman, J. E., & Ellis, J. A. (2003). The representation of delayed
intentions: A prospective subject-performed task? Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,
29, 976-992.
Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999). Implementation intentions: Strong effects
of simple plans. American Psychologist, 54, 493-503.
Goschke, T., & Kuhl, J. (1993). Representation of intention:
Persisting activation in memory. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 1211-1226.
Graf, P., & Uttl, B. (2001). Prospective memory: A new focus of
research. Consciousness and Cognition, 10, 437-450.
Guajardo, N. R., & Best, D. L. (2000). Do preschoolers remember
what to do? Incentive and external cues in prospective memory.
Cognitive Development, 15, 75-97.
Guynn, M. J. (2003). A two-process model of strategic monitoring
in event-based prospective memory: Activation/retrieval
mode and checking. International Journal of Psychology,
38, 245-256.
Guynn, M. J., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (1998).
Prospective memory: When reminders fail. Memory &
Cognition, 26, 287-298.
Harris, J. E. (1984). Remembering to do things: A forgotten topic. In
J. E. Harris, & P. E. Morris (Eds.), Everyday memory, actions,
and absent mindedness (pp. 71-92). London: Academic Press.
Hicks, J. L., Marsh, R. L., & Russell, E. J. (2000). The properties
of retention intervals and their affect on retaining prospective
memories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning,
Memory, and Cognition, 26, 1160”“1169.
Kliegel, M., Martin, M., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O.
(2002). Complex prospective memory and executive control of
working memory: A process model. Psychologische Beiträge,
44, 303”“318.
Kliegel, M., Martin, M., McDaniel, M.A., Einstein, G. O., & Moor,
C. (2007). Realizing complex delayed intentions in young and
old adults: The role of planning aids. Memory & Cognition,
35, 1735-1746.
Kliegel, M., McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2008). Prospective
memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental and applied
perspectives. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Liu, L. L., & Park., D. C. (2004). Aging and medical adherence:
The use of automatic processes to achieve effortful things.
Psychology and Aging, 19, 318-325.
Loukopoulos, L. D., Dismukes, R. K., & Barshi, I. (2009). The
multitasking myth: Handling complexity in real-world
operations. Aldershot, United Kingdom: Ashgate.
Marsh, R. L., & Hicks, J. L. (1998). Event-based prospective
memory and executive control of working memory. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,
24, 336-349.
Marsh, R. L., Hicks, J. L., & Cook, G. I. (2005). On the relationship
between effort toward an ongoing task and cue detection in
event-based prospective memory. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 31, 68-75.
Marsh., R. L., Hicks, J. L., & Cook., G. I. (2006). Task interference
from prospective memory covaries with contextual associations
of fulfilling them. Memory & Cognition, 34, 1037-1045.
Martin, M., Kliegel, M., & McDaniel, M. A. (2003). The
involvement of executive functions in prospective memory
performance of adults. International Journal of Psychology,
38, 195-206.
McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2000). Strategic and automatic
processes in prospective memory retrieval: A multiprocess
framework. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14, 127-144.
McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2007). Prospective memory:
An overview and synthesis of an emerging field. London: Sage.
McDaniel, M. A., Guynn, M. J., Einstein, G. O., & Breneiser, J.
E. (2004). Cue focused and automatic-associative processes
in prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
Learning. Memory and Cognition, 30, 605-614.
Meacham, J. A., & Leiman. B. (1982). Remembering to perform
future actions. In U. Neisser (Ed.), Memory observed:
Remembering in natural contexts (pp. 327-336). San Francisco:
Freeman.
Norman, W., & Shallice, T. (1983). Attention to action. In R. J.
Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness
and self-regulation: Advances in research and theory, Vol. 3
(pp. 1-18). New York: Plenum Press.
Roediger, H.L., III, & Karpicke, J. D. (2006). Test enhanced
learning: Taking memory tests improves long-term retention.
Psychological Science, 17, 249”“255.
Schank, R. C., & Abelson, R. P. (1977). Scripts, plans goals and
understanding: An enquiry into human knowledge structures.
Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Sellen, A. J., Louie, G., Harris, J. E., & Wilkins, A. J. (1997). What
brings intentions to mind? An in situ study of prospective
memory. Memory, 5, 483”“507.
Shallice, T., & Burgess, P. (1991). Deficits in strategy application
following frontal lobe damage in man. Brain, 114, 727-741.
Smith, R. E. (2003). The cost of remembering to remember in eventbased
prospective memory: Investigating the capacity demands
of delayed intention performance. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 29, 357-361.
Smith, R. E., & Bayen, U. J. (2004). A multinomial model of
event-based prospective memory. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30, 756-777.
Ward, H., Shum, D., McKinlay, L., Baker-Tweney, S., & Wallace,
G. (2005). Development of prospective memory: Tasks based
on the prefrontal-lobe model. Child Neuropsychology, 11,
527-549.
West, R. L. (1996) An application of prefrontal cortex theory to
cognitive aging. Psychological Bulletin, 120, 272-292.
Zimmermann, T. & Meier, B. (2010). The effect of implementation
intentions on prospective memory performance across the
lifespan. Applied Cognitive Pshychology, 24, 645-658.
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Publicado
2014-07-21
Como Citar
Matos, P., & Albuquerque, P. B. (2014). Modelos Explicativos da Memória Prospectiva:: Uma Revisão Teórica. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 30(2), 189–196. Recuperado de https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17639
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