FundamentalL Ideias About Nature in China and Japan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26512/2358-82842018e29672Keywords:
Chinese Philosophy, Japanese Philosophy, Confucionism, Daoism, Shintoism.Abstract
Here are presented some fundamental ideas about “Nature” in the thought from China and Japan. The traditional attitude, in both the most rational speculation and the most existential reflection in these natural and historical regions, is usually characterized by a deep respect and by the impression of a relationship of filiation or unity, and not of superiority or contrariety, in relation to Nature - which is never represented as foreign or completely external to man -, reaching the perception that “Heaven/Nature and humanity are united through the Dao/Tao (Dõ) [Path]” (å¤©äººä¸€é“ Tianren yidao/T’ien-jen i-tao [Chinese]; Tenjin ichidõ [Japanese]), or the idea of the existence of ”‹”‹an “unity between Heaven/Nature (Cosmos) and humanity” (天人åˆä¸€ Tianren heyi/T’ien-jen ho-i [Chinese]; Tenjin gõitsu [Japanese]). This attitude resembles the understanding of the world by “shaman poets” and vates ”‹”‹of all times, and also has affinities with the physiología (a kind of “philosophy of nature”) of the pre-Socratic thinkers. Idealized as they may be, these conceptions radically differ from those that present a view of nature as objectfiable (that can be taken as an object) , objectionable, “wild”, uncontrolled, and hence subject to distancing, confrontation, “domestication”, and domination.
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