A ecolinguística como ideia europeia
Keywords:
Ecologia da linguagem. Preservação de línguas. Crise ambiental; antropocentrismo. Crescimentismo.Abstract
"A ecologia da linguagem", paradigma criado pelo sociolinguista americano Einar Haugen, investiga a interação entre línguas na mente humana e em sociedades multilíngues. No caso, “ecologia” funciona como uma metáfora que é usada por alguns autores para falar da ideia de “conservação” de pequenas línguas e da preservação da diversidade linguística neste planeta. Por outro lado, a “ecolinguística” europeia toma o conceito de ecologia literalmente a fim de explorar o papel das línguas na crise ambiental atual. Mediante o paradigma ecolinguístico, a linguística assume uma nova tarefa: provocar uma consciência sobre os problemas ecológicos e, ao mesmo tempo, recuperar o sentimento de comunhão com todos os seres vivos. Em vez de olhar para a língua como “símbolo dos humanos como seres especiais” (usando-a nesse sentido), os ecolinguistas acentuam “nossa continuidade com o resto da criação” (HALLIDAY, 1992, p. 89), revelando o antropocentrismo e o crescimentismo imbutidos na língua e em seu uso. Com essa consciência, a linguagem humana se torna um recurso na empreitada de manter o princípio de “viver e deixar viver” contra o da sobrevivência do mais forte e mais apto.
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