Ambos os três
Sobre algumas distinções tipológicas e seu significado estrutural na teoria do parentesco
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AntropologiaResumen
Este trabalho1 analisa as diferenças formais entre algumas configurações de parentesco reconhecidas pela tradição antropológica ”” as variedades ‘dravidiana’, ‘kariera’ e ‘iroquesa’ do esquema terminológico dito ‘fusão bifurcada’ (bifurcate merging) ”” e as discute no quadro da teoria estrutural da aliança desenvolvida por C. Lévi-Strauss c L. Dumont. Após estabelecer as diferenças entre estas variedades, examino dois pares conceituais centrais da teoria do parentesco, a saber, ‘consangüíneo/afim’ e ‘paralelo/ cruzado’; em seguida, avanço uma conjetura sobre os correlatos matrimoniais possíveis das terminologias com cruzamento iroquês; por fim, evoco uma variante do sistema dravidiano difundida na América do Sul indígena, concluindo com algumas considerações sobre a possibilidade de diferentes princípios classificatórios coexistirem em uma mesma organização social, o que põe em questão a idéia comum de que a cada unidade etnográfica de tipo ‘sociedade’ corresponderia um modelo terminológico único.
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