As Contribuições da Personalidade e dos Eventos de Vida para o Bem-Estar Subjetivo
Palabras clave:
Bem-estar subjetivo, Personalidade, Eventos de vidaResumen
Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar o poder preditivo de características de personalidade e eventos de vida sobre o bem-estar subjetivo (BES). Participaram 274 universitários, 69% mulheres. Os resultados mostraram neuroticismo e extroversão como as principais variáveis explicativas do BES. Ainda, seis eventos de vida contribuíram com a explicação do BES, por exemplo, “término de namoro” mostrou-se variável preditiva positiva de Afeto positivo;“problemas financeiros” explicou negativamente a Satisfação de Vida. Os resultados sugerem que, embora as pessoas possam avaliar suas vidas como mais positivas e experienciar afetos mais positivos em função de suas características de personalidade, é pertinente adotar no campo de estudos do BES uma abordagem interacionista, integrando fatores intrínsecos, como personalidade, e extrínsecos, como eventos de vida.
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Brajsa-Zganec, A., Ivanovic, D., & Lipovcan, L. K. (2011).
Personality traits and social desirability as predictors of
subjective well-being. Psihologijske Teme, 20(2), 261-276.
Costa, P., & McCrae, R. R. (1980). Influence of extraversion and
neuroticism on subjective well-being: Happy and unhappy
people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(4),
668-678. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.38.4.668
Crowley, B. J., Hayslip, B. J., & Hobdy, J. (2003). Psychological
hardiness and adjustment to life events in adulthood.
Journal of Adult Development, 10(4), 237-248. doi:
10.1023/A:1026007510134
DeNeve, K. M., & Cooper, H. (1998). The happy personality:
A meta-analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective
well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 124(2),197-229. doi:
10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.197
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin,
95(3), 542-575. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
Diener, E., & Lucas, R. F. (1999). Subjective emotional well-being.
In M. Lewis, & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of Emotions
(pp. 325-337). New York: Guilford.
Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. (2003). Personality, culture and
subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of
life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403-425. doi: 10.1146/
annurev.psych.54.101601.145056
Diener, E., & Suh, M. E. (1998). Subjective well-being and age:
An international analysis. In K. W. Schaie, & M. P. Lawton
(Eds.), Annual Review of gerontology and geriatrics: Focus
on emotion and adult development (Vol. 17, pp. 304-324).
New York: Springer.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective
well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin,
125(2), 276-302. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276
Diener, E., Suh, E., & Oishi, S. (1997). Recent findings on subjective
well-being. Indian Journal of Clinical Psychology, 24(1),
25-41.
Donnellan, M. B., Conger, R. D., & Bryant, C. M. (2004). The
big five and enduring marriages. Journal or Research in
Personality, 38, 481-504. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2004.01.001
Eid, M., & Larsen, R. J. (2008). Ed Diener and the science of
subjective well-being. In M. Eid, & R. J. Larsen (Eds.), The
science of subjective wellbeing (pp. 1-11). New York, NY:
Guilford Press.
Fredrickson, B. L., & Losada, M. F. (2005). Positive affect and
the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American
Psychologist, 60,678-686. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.60.7.678
Garcia, C. R. (2007). Eventos de vida em pacientes adultos com
transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (Unpublished
doctoral dissertation). Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Ciências Médicas, Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio
Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS.
Garcia, D., & Erlandsson, A. (2011). The relationship between
personality and subjective well-being: Different association
patterns when measuring the affective component in frequency
and intensity. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(6), 1023-1034.
doi: 10.1007/s10902-010-9242-6
Gomez, V., Krings, F., Bangerter, A., & Grob, A. (2009). The
influence of personality and life events on subjective wellbeing
from a life span perspective. Journal of Research in
Personality, 43, 345-354. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.014
Grant, S., Langan-Fox, J., & Anglim, J. (2009). The Big Five
traits as predictors of subjective and psychological wellbeing.
Psychological Reports, 105(1), 205-231. doi: 10.2466/
pr0.105.1.205-231
Haslam, N., Whelan, J., & Bastian, B. (2009).Big five traits mediate
associations between values and subjective well-being.
Personality and Individual Differences, 46(1), 40-42. doi:
10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.001
Hayes, N., & Joseph, S. (2003). Big 5 Correlates of three measures of
subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences,
34(4), 723-727. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00057-0
Headey, D., & Wearing, A. (1989). Personality, life events, and
subjective well-being: Toward a dynamic equilibrium model.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(4),731-739.
doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.57.4.731
Hutz, C. S., Midgett, A., Pacico, J. C., Bastianello, M. R., &
Zanon, C. (2014). The relationshiop of hope, optimism, selfesteem,
subjective well-being, and personality in Brazilians
and Americans. Psychology, 5, 514-522. doi: 10.4236/
psych.2014.56061
Hutz, C. S., Nunes, C. H., Silveira, A. D., Serra, J., Anton, M., &
Wieczorek, L. S. (1998). O desenvolvimento de marcadores
para a avaliação da personalidade no modelo dos cinco grandes
fatores. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 11(2), 395-411. doi:
10.1590/S0102-79721998000200015
Hutz, C. S., Nunes, C. H. S. S., Serra, J., Silveira, A. D., & Anton,
M. (1999, julho). Relações entre Bem-Estar Subjetivo e
Características de Personalidade. Trabalho apresentado no
VIII Congresso Nacional de Avaliação Psicológica, Porto
Alegre, RS.
Hutz, C. S., Zanon, C., & Bardagi, M. (2014). Satisfação de Vida.
In C. S. Hutz (Ed.), Avaliação em Psicologia Positiva (pp.43-
48). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Kozma, A., Stone, S., & Stones, M. J. (1997). Stability in
components and predictors of subjective well-being.Paper
presented at the First Conference of the International Society
of Quality of Life Studies, Charlotte, North Carolina.
Larsen, R. J., & Prizmic, Z. (2008). Regulation of emotional wellbeing:
Overcoming the hedonic treadmill. In M. Eid,& R. J.
Larsen (Eds.), The science of subjective well-being (pp. 258-
289). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Lucas, R.E. (2005). Time does not heal all wounds: A
longitudinal study of reaction and adaptation to divorce.
Psychological Science, 16(12),945-950. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-
9280.2005.01642.x
Lucas, R. E. (2007a). Long-term disability is associated with lasting
changes in subjective well-being: Evidence from two nationally
representative longitudinal studies. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 92(4), 717-730. doi: 10.1037/0022-
3514.92.4.717
Lucas, R. E. (2007b). Adaptation and the set-point model of
subjective well-being: Does happiness change after major
life events? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16,
75-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00479.x
Lucas, R. E., Clark, A. E., Georgellis, Y., & Diener, E. (2003).
Reexamining adaptation and the set point model of happiness:
Reactions to changes in marital status. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 84, 527-539. doi: 10.1037/0022-
3514.84.3.527
Lucas, R. E., & Diener, E. (2008). Personality and subjective wellbeing.
In O. P. John, R. W. Robins, & L. A. Pervin (Eds.),
Handbook of personality-theory and research (pp. 795-814).
New York: The Guilford Press.
Lüdtke, O., Roberts, B. W., Trautwein, U., & Nagy, G. (2011). A
random walk down university avenue: Life paths, life events,
and personality trait change at the transition to university life.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,101(3), 620-637.
doi: 10.1037/a0023743
Luhmann, M., Hofmann, W., Eid, M., & Lucas, R. E. (2012).
Subjective well-being and adaptation to life events: A metaanalysis.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 7,
592-615. doi: 10.1037/a0025948
Margis, R., Picon, P., Cosner, A. F., & Silveira, R. O. (2003).
Stressfull life-events, stress and anxiety. Revista de Psiquiatria
Rio Grande do Sul, 25(1), 65-74.
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1991). Adding liebe und arbeit:
The full five-factor model and well-being. Personality
and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17(2), 227-232. doi:
10.1177/014616729101700217
Minkov, M. (2009). Predictors of differences in subjective wellbeing
across 97 nations. Cross Cultural Research, 43(2),
152-179. doi: 10.1177/1069397109332239
Nunes, C. H. S., Hutz, C. S., & Giacomoni, C. H. (2009). Associação
entre bem estar subjetivo e personalidade no modelo dos cinco
grandes fatores. Avaliação psicológica, 8(1), 99-108.
Nunes, C. H. S. S., Hutz, C. S., &Nunes, M. F. O. (2010). Bateria
Fatorial de Personalidade. São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo.
Ozer, D. J., & Benet-Martínez, V. (2006). Personality and the
prediction of consequential outcomes. Annual Review
of Psychology, 57, 401-412. doi: 10.1146/annurev.
psych.57.102904.190127
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993). Review of the Satisfaction with
Life Scale. Psychological Assessment, 5, 164-172. doi:
10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164
Savoia, M. G., & Bernik, M. (2004). Adverse life events and coping
skills in panic disorder. Revista do Hospital de Clínicas da
Faculdade de Medicina de São Paulo, 59(6), 337-340.
Steel, P., Schmidt, J., & Shultz, J. (2008). Refining the relationship
between personality and subjective well-being. Psychological
Bulletin, 134(1), 138-161. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.134.1.138
Watson, D., Clark, L.A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and
validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The
PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
54(6), 1063-1070. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
Woyciekoski, C., Natividade, J. C., Hutz, C. S., & Laskoski,
L. M. (2011, junho). Eventos de vida avaliados como
positivos, negativos e neutros: em busca de um consenso.
Pôster apresentado no V Congresso Brasileiro de Avaliação
Psicológica, Bento Gonçalves, RS.
Woyciekoski, C., Stenert, F., & Hutz, C. S. (2012). Determinantes
do bem-estar subjetivo. Psico (PUCRS), 43(3), 280-288.
Zanon, C., & Hutz, C. S. (2014) Escala de Afetos Positivos e
Negativos (PANAS). In C. S. Hutz (Ed.) Avaliação em
Psicologia Positiva (pp.63-67). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Zhang, J. P., Yao, S. Q., Ye, M., Huang, H. S., He, G. P., & Leng,
X. H. (2009). A study on the subjective well-being and its
influential factors in chronically ill inpatients in Changsha,
China. Applied Nursing Research, 22(4), 250-257.
Personality traits and social desirability as predictors of
subjective well-being. Psihologijske Teme, 20(2), 261-276.
Costa, P., & McCrae, R. R. (1980). Influence of extraversion and
neuroticism on subjective well-being: Happy and unhappy
people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(4),
668-678. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.38.4.668
Crowley, B. J., Hayslip, B. J., & Hobdy, J. (2003). Psychological
hardiness and adjustment to life events in adulthood.
Journal of Adult Development, 10(4), 237-248. doi:
10.1023/A:1026007510134
DeNeve, K. M., & Cooper, H. (1998). The happy personality:
A meta-analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective
well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 124(2),197-229. doi:
10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.197
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin,
95(3), 542-575. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
Diener, E., & Lucas, R. F. (1999). Subjective emotional well-being.
In M. Lewis, & J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of Emotions
(pp. 325-337). New York: Guilford.
Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. (2003). Personality, culture and
subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of
life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403-425. doi: 10.1146/
annurev.psych.54.101601.145056
Diener, E., & Suh, M. E. (1998). Subjective well-being and age:
An international analysis. In K. W. Schaie, & M. P. Lawton
(Eds.), Annual Review of gerontology and geriatrics: Focus
on emotion and adult development (Vol. 17, pp. 304-324).
New York: Springer.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective
well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin,
125(2), 276-302. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276
Diener, E., Suh, E., & Oishi, S. (1997). Recent findings on subjective
well-being. Indian Journal of Clinical Psychology, 24(1),
25-41.
Donnellan, M. B., Conger, R. D., & Bryant, C. M. (2004). The
big five and enduring marriages. Journal or Research in
Personality, 38, 481-504. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2004.01.001
Eid, M., & Larsen, R. J. (2008). Ed Diener and the science of
subjective well-being. In M. Eid, & R. J. Larsen (Eds.), The
science of subjective wellbeing (pp. 1-11). New York, NY:
Guilford Press.
Fredrickson, B. L., & Losada, M. F. (2005). Positive affect and
the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American
Psychologist, 60,678-686. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.60.7.678
Garcia, C. R. (2007). Eventos de vida em pacientes adultos com
transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (Unpublished
doctoral dissertation). Programa de Pós-Graduação em
Ciências Médicas, Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio
Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS.
Garcia, D., & Erlandsson, A. (2011). The relationship between
personality and subjective well-being: Different association
patterns when measuring the affective component in frequency
and intensity. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(6), 1023-1034.
doi: 10.1007/s10902-010-9242-6
Gomez, V., Krings, F., Bangerter, A., & Grob, A. (2009). The
influence of personality and life events on subjective wellbeing
from a life span perspective. Journal of Research in
Personality, 43, 345-354. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.014
Grant, S., Langan-Fox, J., & Anglim, J. (2009). The Big Five
traits as predictors of subjective and psychological wellbeing.
Psychological Reports, 105(1), 205-231. doi: 10.2466/
pr0.105.1.205-231
Haslam, N., Whelan, J., & Bastian, B. (2009).Big five traits mediate
associations between values and subjective well-being.
Personality and Individual Differences, 46(1), 40-42. doi:
10.1016/j.paid.2008.09.001
Hayes, N., & Joseph, S. (2003). Big 5 Correlates of three measures of
subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences,
34(4), 723-727. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00057-0
Headey, D., & Wearing, A. (1989). Personality, life events, and
subjective well-being: Toward a dynamic equilibrium model.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(4),731-739.
doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.57.4.731
Hutz, C. S., Midgett, A., Pacico, J. C., Bastianello, M. R., &
Zanon, C. (2014). The relationshiop of hope, optimism, selfesteem,
subjective well-being, and personality in Brazilians
and Americans. Psychology, 5, 514-522. doi: 10.4236/
psych.2014.56061
Hutz, C. S., Nunes, C. H., Silveira, A. D., Serra, J., Anton, M., &
Wieczorek, L. S. (1998). O desenvolvimento de marcadores
para a avaliação da personalidade no modelo dos cinco grandes
fatores. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 11(2), 395-411. doi:
10.1590/S0102-79721998000200015
Hutz, C. S., Nunes, C. H. S. S., Serra, J., Silveira, A. D., & Anton,
M. (1999, julho). Relações entre Bem-Estar Subjetivo e
Características de Personalidade. Trabalho apresentado no
VIII Congresso Nacional de Avaliação Psicológica, Porto
Alegre, RS.
Hutz, C. S., Zanon, C., & Bardagi, M. (2014). Satisfação de Vida.
In C. S. Hutz (Ed.), Avaliação em Psicologia Positiva (pp.43-
48). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Kozma, A., Stone, S., & Stones, M. J. (1997). Stability in
components and predictors of subjective well-being.Paper
presented at the First Conference of the International Society
of Quality of Life Studies, Charlotte, North Carolina.
Larsen, R. J., & Prizmic, Z. (2008). Regulation of emotional wellbeing:
Overcoming the hedonic treadmill. In M. Eid,& R. J.
Larsen (Eds.), The science of subjective well-being (pp. 258-
289). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Lucas, R.E. (2005). Time does not heal all wounds: A
longitudinal study of reaction and adaptation to divorce.
Psychological Science, 16(12),945-950. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-
9280.2005.01642.x
Lucas, R. E. (2007a). Long-term disability is associated with lasting
changes in subjective well-being: Evidence from two nationally
representative longitudinal studies. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 92(4), 717-730. doi: 10.1037/0022-
3514.92.4.717
Lucas, R. E. (2007b). Adaptation and the set-point model of
subjective well-being: Does happiness change after major
life events? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16,
75-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00479.x
Lucas, R. E., Clark, A. E., Georgellis, Y., & Diener, E. (2003).
Reexamining adaptation and the set point model of happiness:
Reactions to changes in marital status. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 84, 527-539. doi: 10.1037/0022-
3514.84.3.527
Lucas, R. E., & Diener, E. (2008). Personality and subjective wellbeing.
In O. P. John, R. W. Robins, & L. A. Pervin (Eds.),
Handbook of personality-theory and research (pp. 795-814).
New York: The Guilford Press.
Lüdtke, O., Roberts, B. W., Trautwein, U., & Nagy, G. (2011). A
random walk down university avenue: Life paths, life events,
and personality trait change at the transition to university life.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,101(3), 620-637.
doi: 10.1037/a0023743
Luhmann, M., Hofmann, W., Eid, M., & Lucas, R. E. (2012).
Subjective well-being and adaptation to life events: A metaanalysis.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 7,
592-615. doi: 10.1037/a0025948
Margis, R., Picon, P., Cosner, A. F., & Silveira, R. O. (2003).
Stressfull life-events, stress and anxiety. Revista de Psiquiatria
Rio Grande do Sul, 25(1), 65-74.
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1991). Adding liebe und arbeit:
The full five-factor model and well-being. Personality
and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17(2), 227-232. doi:
10.1177/014616729101700217
Minkov, M. (2009). Predictors of differences in subjective wellbeing
across 97 nations. Cross Cultural Research, 43(2),
152-179. doi: 10.1177/1069397109332239
Nunes, C. H. S., Hutz, C. S., & Giacomoni, C. H. (2009). Associação
entre bem estar subjetivo e personalidade no modelo dos cinco
grandes fatores. Avaliação psicológica, 8(1), 99-108.
Nunes, C. H. S. S., Hutz, C. S., &Nunes, M. F. O. (2010). Bateria
Fatorial de Personalidade. São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo.
Ozer, D. J., & Benet-Martínez, V. (2006). Personality and the
prediction of consequential outcomes. Annual Review
of Psychology, 57, 401-412. doi: 10.1146/annurev.
psych.57.102904.190127
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993). Review of the Satisfaction with
Life Scale. Psychological Assessment, 5, 164-172. doi:
10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164
Savoia, M. G., & Bernik, M. (2004). Adverse life events and coping
skills in panic disorder. Revista do Hospital de Clínicas da
Faculdade de Medicina de São Paulo, 59(6), 337-340.
Steel, P., Schmidt, J., & Shultz, J. (2008). Refining the relationship
between personality and subjective well-being. Psychological
Bulletin, 134(1), 138-161. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.134.1.138
Watson, D., Clark, L.A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and
validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The
PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
54(6), 1063-1070. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
Woyciekoski, C., Natividade, J. C., Hutz, C. S., & Laskoski,
L. M. (2011, junho). Eventos de vida avaliados como
positivos, negativos e neutros: em busca de um consenso.
Pôster apresentado no V Congresso Brasileiro de Avaliação
Psicológica, Bento Gonçalves, RS.
Woyciekoski, C., Stenert, F., & Hutz, C. S. (2012). Determinantes
do bem-estar subjetivo. Psico (PUCRS), 43(3), 280-288.
Zanon, C., & Hutz, C. S. (2014) Escala de Afetos Positivos e
Negativos (PANAS). In C. S. Hutz (Ed.) Avaliação em
Psicologia Positiva (pp.63-67). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Zhang, J. P., Yao, S. Q., Ye, M., Huang, H. S., He, G. P., & Leng,
X. H. (2009). A study on the subjective well-being and its
influential factors in chronically ill inpatients in Changsha,
China. Applied Nursing Research, 22(4), 250-257.
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Publicado
2015-03-04
Cómo citar
Woyciekoski, C., Natividade, J. C., & Hutz, C. S. (2015). As Contribuições da Personalidade e dos Eventos de Vida para o Bem-Estar Subjetivo. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 30(4), 401–409. Recuperado a partir de https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/18572
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