The Beetle in Skinner’s Box

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e37221%20

Keywords:

Private events, Psychological language, Language games, Skinner, Wittgenstein

Abstract

The literature has indicated some approximations between Skinner’s and Wittgenstein’s proposals, such as a critical standpoint on traditional psychological language conceptions. For Wittgenstein, the critique refers to the impossibility of a private language. On the other hand, Skinner’s critique culminates in defense of the concept of private events. However, this concept seems inconsistent with Wittgenstein’s proposal. Based on this assumption, this paper aims to reevaluate the role of the concept of ‘private events’ in Skinnerian behaviorism in the light of Wittgenstein’s critical discussions. For this, Wittgenstein’s and Skinner’s proposals were systematically compared. It is concluded that the concept of private events is not to escape Wittgenstein’s criticisms of the traditional psychological language.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abib, J. A. D. (1994). O contextualismo do comportamento verbal: A teoria skinneriana do significado e sua crítica ao conceito de referência. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 10, 473-487.

Abib, J. A. D. (1999). Behaviorismo radical e discurso pós-moderno. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 15(3), 237-247. http://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-37721999000300007

Baum, W. M. (2011). Behaviorism, private events, and the molar view of behavior. The Behavior Analyst, 34(2), 185-200. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03392249

Baker, G. P., & Hacker, P.M.S. (1992). Wittgenstein: Rules, grammar and necessity Volume 2 of an analytical commentary on the Philosophical Investigations. Wiley-Blackwell.

Bernstein, R. (2010). The pragmatic turn. Polity Press.

Bloor, D. (1997). Wittgenstein, rules and institutions. Routledge.

Borba, A., & Tourinho, E. Z. (2010). Instrumentalidade e coerência do conceito de eventos privados. Acta Comportamentalia, 18(2), 279-196. http://revistas.unam.mx/index.php/acom/article/download/27998/25883

Carrara, K. (2005). Behaviorismo radical: Crítica e metacrítica. (2a ed. Rev. atual.). UNESP.

Catania, A. C. (2003). B. F. Skinner's Science and Human Behavior: Its antecedents and its consequences. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 80(3), 313-320. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2003.80-313

Day, W. F. (1969). On certain similarities between the Philosophical Investigations of Ludwig Wittgenstein and the operationism of B. F. Skinner. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 12, 489-506. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1969.12-489

Faustino, S. (1995). Wittgenstein: O eu e sua gramática. Editora Ática.

Gier, N. F. (1982). Wittgenstein, intentionality, and behaviorism. Metaphilosophy, 13(1), 46-64. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9973.1982.tb00290.x

Hayes, L. J., & Fryling, M. J. (2009). Overcoming the pseudoproblem of private events in the analysis of behavior. Behavior and Philosophy, 37, 39-57. http://www.behavior.org/resources/363.pdf

Hocutt, M. (2009). Private events. Behavior and Philosophy, 37, 105-117. http://store.behavior.org/resources/366.pdf

Johnston, P. (1993). Wittgenstein: Rethinking the inner. Routledge.

Magalhães, T. O. (2017a). O que é seguir uma regra? Reflexões filosóficas sobre normatividade [Tese de doutorado, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza]. Repositório Institucional UFC http://repositorio.ufc.br/bitstream/riufc/25588/1/2017_tese_tomagalh%C3%A3es.pdf

Magalhães, T. O. (2017b). Sobre certas dissimilaridades entre Wittgenstein e Skinner. Princípios: Revista de Filosofia, 24(43), 175-225. https://doi.org/10.21680/1983-2109.2017v24n43ID10297

Moore, J. (2009). Why the radical behaviorist conception of private events is interesting, relevant and important. Behavior and Philosophy, 37, 21-37. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41472420

Rorty, R. (1967). Introduction: Metaphilosophical difficulties of linguistic philosophy. In R. Rorty (Ed.), The linguistic turn: Essays in philosophical method (pp. 1-39). University of Chicago Press.

Rorty, R. (1994a). Introduction: Pragmatism and philosophy. In Consequences of pragmatism: Essays, 1972-1980 (6ª ed., pp. xiii- xvii). University of Minnesota Press. (Trabalho original publicado em 1982)

Rorty, R. (1994b). Keeping philosophy pure: An essay on Wittgenstein. In Consequences of pragmatism: Essays, 1972-1980 (6ª ed., pp. 19-36). University of Minnesota Press. (Trabalho original publicado em 1976)

Schonenberger, T. (1991). Verbal understanding: Integrating the conceptual analyses of Skinner, Ryle, and Wittgenstein. The Analysis of Verbal Behavior, 9, 145-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03392868

Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2008). A history of modern psychology (9ª ed.). Thompson Wadsworth.

Skinner, B. F. (1945). The operational analysis of psychological terms. Psychological Review, 52, 270-277. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0062535

Skinner, B. F. (1953). Science and human behavior. The Macmillan Company.

Skinner, B. F. (1957). Verbal behavior. Appleton-Century-Crofts.

Skinner, B. F. (1974). About Behaviorism. Random House.

Skinner, B. F. (1989). Recent issues in the analysis of behavior. Merrill Publishing Company.

Snowdon, P. (2012). Private experience and sense data. In O. Kuusela & M. McGinn (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of Wittgenstein. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199287505.003.0019

Tourinho, E. Z. (2004). Behaviorism, interbehaviorism and the boundaries of a science of behavior. European Journal of Behavior Analysis, 5(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/15021149.2004.11434228

Tourinho, E. Z. (2007). Conceitos científicos e eventos privados como resposta verbal. Interação, 11, 1-9. http://doi.org/10.5380/psi.v11i1.6491

Waller, B. (1977). Chomsky, Wittgenstein, and the behaviorist perspective on language. Behaviorism, 5, 43-59. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27758883

Williams, M. (1999). Wittgenstein, mind and meaning: Towards a social conception of mind. Routledge.

Wittgenstein, L. (1953). Philosophical investigations (G. E. M. Anscombe, Trad.). Blackwell.

Zilio, D., & Dittrich, A. (2014). O que fazer com os eventos privados? Reflexões a partir das ideias de Baum, parte I: A definição de privacidade. Acta Comportamentalia, 22(4), 483-496. http://www.revistas.unam.mx/index.php/acom/article/download/48988/44053

Zilio, D., & Dittrich, A. (2015). O que fazer com os eventos privados? Reflexões a partir das ideias de Baum, parte II: A invasão da privacidade. Acta Comportamentalia, 23(2), 213-227. http://www.revistas.unam.mx/index.php/acom/article/download/50109/45044

Zuriff, G. E. (2003). Science and human behavior, dualism, and conceptual modification. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 80(3), 345-352. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.2003.80-345

Published

2021-02-24

How to Cite

Dourado, L. B., Lopes, C. E., & Pompermaier, H. M. (2021). The Beetle in Skinner’s Box. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 37. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e37221

Issue

Section

Artigos Teóricos

Most read articles by the same author(s)