Validity evidence of a Brazilian version of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e35513Keywords:
Psychological assessment, Validity evidence, Social cognition, MoralAbstract
Morality is a human phenomenon that involves sensitivity and skills developed by the individual throughout their social life. Considering the importance of measuring the moral concerns of adults, this paper sought validity evidence for a Brazilian version of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire. Two studies were conducted, using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In the first study, 341 adults (63% women) responded to the on-line questionnaire translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese. The results indicated a two-factor structure, and reduced items. In the second study, 371 adults (61% women) participated. Results confirmed the two-factor structure (binding morality and individualizing morality). We conclude that the QFM has satisfactory psychometric properties for use in research.
Downloads
References
Aharoni, E., Antonenko, O., & Kiehl, K. A. (2011). Disparities in the moral intuitions of criminal offenders: The role of psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 45(3), 322-327.
Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine, 25(24), 3186-3191.
Boer, D., & Fischer, R. (2013). How and when do personal values guide our attitudes and sociality? Explaining cross-cultural variability in attitude-value linkages. Psychological Bulletin, 139(5), 1113-1147.
Byrne, B. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Cornwell, J. F., & Higgins, E. T. (2013). Morality and its relation to political ideology: The Role of promotion and prevention concerns. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(9), 1164-1172.
Cushman, F., Young, L., & Hauser, M. (2006). The role of conscious reasoning and intuition in moral judgment: Testing three principles of harm. Psychological Science, 17, 1082-1089.
Damásio, B. F. (2012). Uso da análise fatorial exploratória em psicologia. Avaliação Psicológica, 11(2), 213-228.
Dogruel, L., Joeckel, S., & Bowman, N. D. (2013). Elderly people and morality in virtual worlds: A cross-cultural analysis of elderly people’s morality in interactive media. New Media & Society, 15(2), 276-293.
Douglas, M. (1966). Purity and danger. London, England: Routledge. doi: 10.4324./9780203361832
Escóssia, L., & Kastrup, V. (2005). O conceito de coletivo como superação da dicotomia indivíduo-sociedade. Psicologia em Estudo, 10(2), 295-304
Fiske, A. P. (1992). The four elementary forms of sociality: Framework for a unified theory of social relations.Psychological Review, 99, 689-723.
Graham, J., Haidt, J., & Nosek, B. A. (2009). Liberals and conservatives rely on different sets of moral foundations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(5), 1029-1046.
Graham, J., Meindl, P., Beall, E., Johnson, K. M., & Zhang, L. (2016). Cultural differences in moral judgment and behavior, across and within societies. Current Opinion in Psychology, 8, 125-130.
Graham, J., Nosek, B. A., Haidt, J., Iyer, R., Koleva, S., & Ditto, P. H. (2011). Mapping the moral domain. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 101, 366-385.
Graham, J., Nosek, B. A., & Haidt, J. (2012). The moral stereotypes of liberals and conservatives: Exaggeration of differences across the political spectrum. PloS one, 7(12), e50092.
Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: a social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review , 108, 814-834.
Haidt, J. (2007). The new synthesis in moral psychology. Science, 316, 998-1001.
Haidt, J., & Graham, J. (2007). When morality opposes justice: Conservatives have moral intuitions that liberals may not recognize.Social Justice Research,20(1), 98-116.
Haidt, J., & Joseph, C. (2007). The moral mind: How five sets of innate intuitions guide the development of many culture-specific virtues, and perhaps even modules. In P. Carruthers, S. Laurence, & S. Stich (Orgs.), The Innate Mind, 3(pp. 367-392). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Haidt, J., & Kesebir, S. (2010). Morality. In S. T. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey (Orgs.), Handbook of Social Psychology(pp.797-832). New Jersey: Wiley.
Haidt, J., Koller, S. H., & Dias, M. (1993). Affect, culture, and morality, or is it wrong to eat your dog?.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 65, 613-28.
Hofmann, W., Wisneski, D. C., Brandt, M. J., & Skitka, L. J. (2014). Morality in everyday life. Science , 345(6202), 1340-1343.
Jansson, J., & Dorrepaal, E. (2015). Personal norms for dealing with climate change: results from a survey using moral foundations theory. Sustainable Development, 23, 381-395. doi: 10.1002/sd.1598.
Mansur-Alves, M., Silva, R. S., & Fernandes, S. C. D. Á. (2016). Impact of the Psychological Testing Assessment System (SATEPSI) for scientific publications in psychological assessment. Psico-USF, 21, 179-188.
Moll, J., Oliveira”Souza, D., & Zahn, R. (2008). The neural basis of moral cognition. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1124(1), 161-180.
Noser, A. E., Zeigler-Hill, V., Vrabel, J. K., Besser, A., Ewing, T. D., & Southard, A. C. (2015). Dark and immoral: The links between pathological personality features and moral values. Personality and Individual Differences, 75, 30-35.
Primi, R. (2010). Avaliação psicológica no Brasil: Fundamentos, situação atual e direções para o futuro. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 26(spe), 25-35. https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-37722010000500003
Rest, J., Narvaez, D., Bebeau, M., & Thoma, S. (1999). A neo-Kohlbergian approach: The DIT and schema theory. Educational Psychology Review, 11(4), 291-324.
Rozin, P., Haidt, J., & McCauley, C.R. (2000). Disgust. In M. Lewis & J. Haviland (Ed.), Handbook of emotions(2ª ed., pp. 637-653). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Sandoval, J., & Durán, R. P. (1998). Language. In J. Sandoval, C. L. Frisby, K. F. Geisinger, J. D. Scheuneman, & J. R. Grenier (Orgs.), Test Interpretation and diversity: Achieving equity in assessment wording (pp. 181-211). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Silvino, A. M. D., Pilati, R., Keller, V. N., Silva, E. P., Freitas, A. F. D. P., Silva, J. N., & Lima, M. F. (2016). Adaptation of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese. Psico-USF , 21(3), 487-495.
Shweder, R.A., Much, N., Park, L., & Mahapatra, M. M. (1997). The 'Big Three' of Morality (Autonomy, Community, Divinity) and the 'Big Three' Explanations of Suffering. In A. M. Brandt& P. Rozin (Eds.), Morality and health (pp. 119-169). Florence, KY, US: Taylor & Frances/Routledge.
Weber, C. R., & Federico, C. M. (2013). Moral foundations and heterogeneity in ideological preferences. Political Psychology, 34(1), 107-126.
Wheatley, T., & Haidt, J. (2005). Hypnotic disgust makes moral judgments more severe. Psychological Science , 16, 780-784.
Yilmaz, O., Harma, M., Bahçekapili, H. G., & Cesur, S. (2016). Validation of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire in Turkey and its relation to cultural schemas of individualism and collectivism. Personality and Individual Differences , 99, 149-154.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Luana Vianez Moreira, Mariane Lima de Souza, Valeschka Martins Guerra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.