James G. Holland: Behavior Analysis as Political Practice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e3526Keywords:
James G. Holland, Radical behaviorism, Behavior analysis, PoliticsAbstract
James G. Holland was a dissonant voice not only within behavior analysis, but also in the wider context of political thought in the United States. This article aims to present the main criticisms and suggestions made by Holland towards the application of behavior analysis and to evaluate its contemporary relevance. We conclude that such criticisms and suggestions are useful for all behavior analysts, as they contribute to promote the continued internal evaluation of the social consequences of our practices and the extensive analysis of the interlocking contingencies occurring in intervention settings and its influence over our goal-setting.
Downloads
References
Abib, J. A. D. (2001). Teoria moral de Skinner e desenvolvimento humano. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 14, 107-117.
Abib, J. A. D. (2008). Ensaio sobre desenvolvimento humano na pós-modernidade. Psicologia em Estudo, 13, 417-427.
Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1, 91-97.
Bailey, J., & Burch, M. (2011). Ethics for behavior analysts. New York, NY: Routledge.
Behavior Analyst Certification Board. (2016). Professional and ethical compliance code for behavior analysts. Littleton, CO: Author. Recuperado de http://bacb.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/160321-compliance-code-english.pdf
Berthold, H. C., Jr. (2001). Ethics and behavior analysis in management. In C. Merle Johnson, W. K. Redmon, & T. C. Mawhinney (Eds.), Handbook of organizational performance: Behavior analysis and management(pp. 415-436). New York: Haworth Press.
Borba, A., & Tourinho, E. Z. (2014). Establishing the macrobehavior of ethical self-control in an arrangement of macrocontingencies in two microcultures. Behavior and Social Issues, 23, 68-86.
Botomé, S. P. (1997). Serviço à população ou submissão ao poder: O exercício do controle na intervenção social do psicólogo. Recuperado de https://obmbrasil.files.wordpress.com/2013/12/botome-servico-a-populacao.pdf(Original publicado em 1981)
Carvalho, M. R. A., Silveira, J. M., & Dittrich, A. (2011). Tratamento dado ao tema “homossexualidade” em artigos do Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis: Uma revisão crítica. Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento, 7, 72-81.
Castro, M. S. L. B., & De Rose, J. C. (2008). A ética skinneriana e a tensão entre descrição e prescrição no behaviorismo radical. Santo André, SP: ESETec.
Chiesa, M. (2003). Sobre la meta-ética, la ética normativa y el conductismo. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología, 35, 289-297.
De-Farias, A. K. C. R. (2005). Comportamento social: Cooperação, competição e trabalho individual. In J. Abreu-Rodrigues & M. R. Ribeiro (Eds.), Análise do comportamento: Pesquisa, teoria e aplicação (pp. 265-281). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Dittrich, A. (2008). O problema da "justificação racional de valores" na filosofia moral skinneriana. Revista Psicolog, 1, 21-26.
Fawcett, S. B. (1991). Some values guiding community research and action. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 621-636.
Geller, E. S. (Ed.). (1991). Social validity: Multiple perspectives [Seção Especial]. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 189-249.
Gewirtz, J. L., & Peláez, M. (1991). Proximal mechanisms in the acquisition of moral behavior patterns. In W. M. Kurtines & J. L. Gewritz (Eds.), Moral behavior and development: Advances in theory, research and application(Vol. 1, pp. 153-182) Hillsdale, NJ: Enrlbaum.
Grant, L. K. (2014). Insatiability: Part of the problem or part of the solution? Behavior and Social Issues, 23, 52-67.
Hayes, S., Gifford, E., & Hayes, G. (1998). Moral behavior and the development of verbal regulation. The Behavior Analyst, 21, 253-279.
Hocutt, M. (2013). A behavioral analysis of morality and value. Behavior and Philosophy, 36, 239-249.
Holland, J. G. (1974). Are behavioral principles for revolutionaries? In F. S. Keller & E. Ribes-Iñesta (Eds.), Behavior modification: Applications to education (pp. 195-208). New York: Academic Press.
Holland, J. G. (1975). Behavior modification for prisoners, patients, and other people as a prescription for the planned society. Revista Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta, 1, 81-95.
Holland, J. G. (1978a). Behaviorism: Part of the problem or part of the solution? Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 163-174.
Holland, J. G. (1978b). To Cuba with the Venceremos Brigade. Behaviorists for Social Action, 1, 21-28.
Kanfer, F. H. (1965). Issues and ethics in behavior manipulation. Psychological Reports, 16, 187-196.
Krasner, L. (1962). Behavior control and social responsibility. American Psychologist, 17, 199-204.
Laurenti, C., & Lopes, C. E. (2015). Cultura, democracia e ética: Reflexões comportamentalistas. Maringá: Eduem.
Leigland, S. (2005). Variables of which values are a function. The Behavior Analyst, 28, 133-142.
London, P. (1970). Moral issues in behavior modification. In R. H. Bradfield (Ed.), Behavior modification: The human effort. San Rafael, CA: Dimensions.
Lopes, C. E. (2015, Quarter I). The political discourses of behavior analysis. Operants, 27-32.
Mayer, G. R., Sulzer-Azaroff, B., & Wallace, M. (2012). Achieving lasting behavior change through behavior analysis. In G. R. Mayer, B. Sulzer-Azaroff, & M. Wallace (Eds.), Behavior analysis for lasting change (2a ed.). Cornwall-on-Hudson, NY: Sloan.
Melo, C. M., Castro, M. S. L. B., & De Rose, J. C. (2015). Some relations between culture, ethics and technology in B. F. Skinner. Behavior and Social Issues, 24, 39-55.
Morrow, J. E. (1988). Is socialism flawed?. Behavior Analysis and Social Action, 6(2), 23-24.
Nordyke, N., Baer, D. M, Etzel, B., & Leblanc, J. M. (1977). Implications of stereotyping and modification in sex role. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 10, 553-557.
Normand, M. P., & Kohn, C. S. (2013). Don't wag the dog: Extending the reach of applied behavior analysis. The Behavior Analyst, 36, 109-122.
Northup, J., Vollmer, T. R., & Serrett, K. (1993). Publication trends in 25 years of the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 26, 527-537.
O'Leary, K. D. (1972). Behavior modification in the classroom: A rejoinder to Winett and Winkler. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 5, 505-511.
Peláez, M. (2001). Morality as a system of rule-governed behavior and empathy. Behavioral Development Bulletin, 1, 8-14.
Rachlin, H. (2002). Altruism and selfishness. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 25, 239-250.
Rakos, R. F. (1988a). Capitalism, socialism, and behavioral theory. Behavior Analysis and Social Action, 6(2), 16-22.
Rakos, R. F. (1988b). Scientific analysis or political ideology? Behavior Analysis and Social Action, 6(2), 32.
Rakos, R. F. (1989). Socialism, behavioral theory, and the egalitarian society. Behavior Analysis and Social Action, 7, 23-29.
Ruiz, M. R. (2013). Values and morality: Science, faith, and feminist pragmatism. The Behavior Analyst, 36, 251-254.
Rutherford, A. (2006). The social control of behavior control: Behavior modification, individual rights, and research ethics in America, 1971-1979. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 42, 203-220.
Schlinger, H. D. (1995). A behavior analytic view of child development. New York: Plenum Press.
Skinner, B. F. (1948). Walden Two. New York: Macmillan.
Skinner, B.F. (1965). Science and human behavior. New York: Macmillan. (Original publicado em 1953)
Skinner, B. F. (1971). Beyond freedom and dignity. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Skinner, B. F. (1974). About behaviorism. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Soreth, M. E. (2011). Against the dichotomy of morality and self-interest: A review of Power's "A Problem from Hell": America and the Age of Genocide. Behavior and Social Issues, 20, 32-43.
Staddon, J. E. R. (2013). Faith, fact and behaviorism. The Behavior Analyst, 36, 229-238.
Stolz, S. B. and Associates (1978). Ethical issues in behavior modification. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Ulman, J. D. (1988). Just say no to commodity fetishism: A reply to Rakos. Behavior Analysis and Social Action, 6(2), 25-31.
Ulman, J. D. (1989). Beyond the carrot and the stick: A behavioral rejoinder to Rakos. Behavior Analysis and Social Action, 7, 30-34.
Ulman, J. D. (1991). Toward a synthesis of Marx and Skinner. Behavior and Social Issues, 1, 57-70.
Ulrich, R. (1967). Behavior control and public concern. The Psychological Record, 17, 229-234.
Vandenberghe, L. (2005). Uma ética behaviorista radical para a terapia comportamental. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva, 7, 55-66.
Vargas, E. A. (1982). Hume’s “ought” and “is” statement: A radical behaviorist perspective. Behaviorism, 10, 1-23.
Vogeltanz, N. D., & Plaud, J. J. (1992). On the goodness of Skinner's system of naturalistic ethics in solving basic value conflicts. The Psychological Record, 42, 457-468.
Weiner, H. (1977). An operant analysis of human altruistic responding. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 27, 515-528.
Winkler, R. C. (1977). What types of sex”role behavior should behavior modifiers promote?. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 10(3), 549-552.
Winett, R. A., & Winkler, R. C. (1972). Current behavior modification in the classroom: Be still, be quiet, be docile. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 5, 499-504.
Winett, R. A. (1991). Caveats on values guiding community research and action. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 24, 637-639.
Wolf, M. M. (1978). Social validity: The case for subjective measurement or how applied behavior analysis is finding its heart. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 11, 203-214.
Zilio, D., & Carrara, K. (2009). B. F. Skinner: Teórico da ciência e teórico da moral?. Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, 61, 1-12.
Zin, G., Escobal, G., Esteves, G., & Goyos, C. (2015). Sharing Game: Influence of gender, cost of response, history of reinforcement, and amount of money in the resource distribution of undergraduate students. Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice, 15, 65-80.
Zuriff, G. (1987). Naturalist ethics. In S. Modgil & C. Modgil (Eds.), B. F. Skinner: Consensus and controversy (pp. 309-318). Philadelphia, PA: Falmer Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Alexandre Dittrich
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
