Classification and Diagnosis in Clinical Practice:
Possibilities of a Behavior-Analytic Model
Keywords:
Classification systems, Diagnostic categories, Functional analysis, Radical beraviorismAbstract
This paper discusses the development of a classification system that can be used in diagnosis and treatment procedures
of psychological problems. It reviews briefly the changes implemented on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders, DSM, and points out some restrictions to its use according to a behavior-analytic perspective. It discusses
the possibility of functional analysis to provide an alternative system of diagnosis and classification, and it also argues that: (a)
definitions of methodologies based on functional analysis are limited by the peculiarities found in the clinical context; and (b)
the application of an instrumental criteria to delineate alternative classification systems must be associated to a relational and
externalist view of behavior.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Anderson, СМ., Hawkins, R.P. & Scotti, J.R. (1997). Private events
in behavior analysis: Conceptual basis and clinical relevance.
Behavior Therapy, 28, 157-179.
Associação Psiquiátrica Americana (1995). Manual Diagnóstico e
Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais - DSM-IV (Dayse Batista,
Trad.). Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas.
Barlow, D.H., Rapee, R.M., Brown, TA. (1992). Behavioral treatment
of generalized anxiety disorder. Behavior Therapy, 23,
551-570.
Beck, J.G. & Zebb, B.J. (1994). Behavioral assessment and treatment
of panic disorder: Current status, future directions. Behavior
Therapy, 25, 581-611.
Beutler, L.E. (1998). Identifying empirically supported treatments:
What if we didn't? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
66, 113-120.
Blashfield, R.K., Draguns, J.G. (1976). Toward a taxonomy of psychopathology:
The purpose of psychiatric classification. British
Journal of Psychiatry, 129, 574-83.
Caar, E.G. (1993). Behavior Analysis is not ultimately about behavior.
The Behavior Analyst, 16, 47-49.
Carr, E.G. (1994). Emerging themes in the functional analysis of
problem behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 27,
393-399.
Ciminero, A.R. (1986). Behavioral Assessmemt: An overview. Em
Anthony Ciminero, Karen S. Calhoun & Henry E. Adms (Orgs.),
Handbook of Behavior Assessment (pp. 3-11). New York: John
Willey & Sons.
Craighead, L.W., Craighead, W.E., Kazdin, A.E. & Mahoney, M.J.
(1994). Cognitive and behavioral interventions. An empirical
approach to mental heatlh problems. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Ferster, C.B. (1973). A functional analysis of depression. American
Psychologist, 28 (10), 857-870.
Follette, W.C. & Houts, A.C. (1996). Models of scientific progress
and the role of theory in taxonomy development: A case study
of the DSM. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
64, 1120-1132.
Hawkins, R.P. (1986). Selection of target behaviors. Em Hayes, S.
C. & Nelson, R.O. (Orgs.), Conceptual foundations of behavioral
assessment (pp. 331-385). New York: Guilford.
Hayes, S.C & Follette, W.C. (1992). Can functional analysis provide
a substitute for syndrome classification? Behavior Assessment,
14, 345-365.
Hayes, S.C. & Hayes, L. (1992). Some clinical implications of
contextualistic behaviorism: The example of cognition. Behavior
Therapy, 23, 225-249.
Hayes, S.C, Wilson, K.G., Gifford, E. Y, Follette, V. M. & Strosahl,
K. (1996). Experiential avoidance and behavioral disorders: A
functional dimensional approach to diagnosis and treatment.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 1152-1168.
Haynes, S.N. (1986). The design of intervention programs. Em
R.O. Nelson & S.C. Hayes (Orgs.), Conceptual Foundations
of Behavioral Assessment (pp. 386-429). New York: Guilford.
Hersen, M. (1988). Behavioral assessment and psychiatric diagnosis.
Behavioral Assessment, 10, 107-121.
Holburn, S. (1997). A renaissance in residential behavior analysis?
A historical perspective and a better way to help people with
challenging behavior. The Behavior Analyst, 20, 61-85.
Kanfer, F.H. & Grinnim, L.G. (1977). Behavioral analysis: Selecting
target behaviors in the interview. Behavior Modification, 1,
7-28.
Psic.: Teor. e Pesq., Brasilia, Mai-Ago 1998, Vol. 14 n. 2, pp. 139-147
Kazdin, A. (1983). Psychiatric diagnosis dimensions of disfunction
and child behavior therapy. Behavior Therapy, 14, 73-99.
Maser, J.D., Kaelber, С & Weise, R.E. (1991). International use
and attitudes toward DSM-III and DSM-III-R: Growing consensus
in psychiatric classification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,
100, 271-279.
Millon, T. (1991). Classification in psychopatology: Rationale, alternatives,
and standards. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100,
245-261.
Morey, L.C., Skinner, H.A. & Blasshfield, R.K. (1986). Trends in
the classification of abnormal behavior. Em A. Ciminero, K.S.
Calhoun & H.E. Adams (Orgs.), Handbook of Behavior Assessment
(pp. 47-75). New York, John Willey & Sons.
Pepper, S.C. (1970). World hypotheses: A study in evidence. Berkeley,
CA: University of California Press. (Originalmente
publicado em 1942)
Pessotti, I. (1994). A loucura e as épocas. Rio de Janeiro, Editora
34.
Pichot, P. (1994). Nosological models in psychiatry. British Journal
of Psychiatry, 164, 232-240.
Shapiro, M.B. (1989). A phenomenon-oriented strategy in depression
research. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 28, 289-
305.
Skinner, B.F. (1965). Science and human behavior. New York/London:
Free Press/Collier MacMillan. (Originalmente publicado
em 1953)
Skinner, B.F. (1989). The operant side of behavior therapy. Recent
issues in the analysis of behavior (pp.121-135). Columbus,
Ohio: Merrill. (Originalmente publicado em 1988)
Skinner, B.F. (1969). Behaviorism at fifty. Em Skinner, B.F. (1969).
Contingencies of reinforcement: A theorical analysis (pp. 221-
268). New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. (Originalmente
publicado em 1963)
Sobell, L.C., Toneatto, T. & Sobell, M.B. (1994). Behavioral assessment
and treatment planning for alcohol, tobacco and other
drug problems: Current status with an emphasis on clinical
applications. Behavior Therapy, 25, 533-580.
Steketee, G. (1994). Behavioral assessment and treatment planning
with obsessive compulsive disorder: A review emphasizing
clinical application. Behavior Therapy, 25, 613-633.
Sturmey, PS. (1996). Functional analysis in clinical psychology.
England: John Willey & Sons.
in behavior analysis: Conceptual basis and clinical relevance.
Behavior Therapy, 28, 157-179.
Associação Psiquiátrica Americana (1995). Manual Diagnóstico e
Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais - DSM-IV (Dayse Batista,
Trad.). Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas.
Barlow, D.H., Rapee, R.M., Brown, TA. (1992). Behavioral treatment
of generalized anxiety disorder. Behavior Therapy, 23,
551-570.
Beck, J.G. & Zebb, B.J. (1994). Behavioral assessment and treatment
of panic disorder: Current status, future directions. Behavior
Therapy, 25, 581-611.
Beutler, L.E. (1998). Identifying empirically supported treatments:
What if we didn't? Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
66, 113-120.
Blashfield, R.K., Draguns, J.G. (1976). Toward a taxonomy of psychopathology:
The purpose of psychiatric classification. British
Journal of Psychiatry, 129, 574-83.
Caar, E.G. (1993). Behavior Analysis is not ultimately about behavior.
The Behavior Analyst, 16, 47-49.
Carr, E.G. (1994). Emerging themes in the functional analysis of
problem behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 27,
393-399.
Ciminero, A.R. (1986). Behavioral Assessmemt: An overview. Em
Anthony Ciminero, Karen S. Calhoun & Henry E. Adms (Orgs.),
Handbook of Behavior Assessment (pp. 3-11). New York: John
Willey & Sons.
Craighead, L.W., Craighead, W.E., Kazdin, A.E. & Mahoney, M.J.
(1994). Cognitive and behavioral interventions. An empirical
approach to mental heatlh problems. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Ferster, C.B. (1973). A functional analysis of depression. American
Psychologist, 28 (10), 857-870.
Follette, W.C. & Houts, A.C. (1996). Models of scientific progress
and the role of theory in taxonomy development: A case study
of the DSM. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
64, 1120-1132.
Hawkins, R.P. (1986). Selection of target behaviors. Em Hayes, S.
C. & Nelson, R.O. (Orgs.), Conceptual foundations of behavioral
assessment (pp. 331-385). New York: Guilford.
Hayes, S.C & Follette, W.C. (1992). Can functional analysis provide
a substitute for syndrome classification? Behavior Assessment,
14, 345-365.
Hayes, S.C. & Hayes, L. (1992). Some clinical implications of
contextualistic behaviorism: The example of cognition. Behavior
Therapy, 23, 225-249.
Hayes, S.C, Wilson, K.G., Gifford, E. Y, Follette, V. M. & Strosahl,
K. (1996). Experiential avoidance and behavioral disorders: A
functional dimensional approach to diagnosis and treatment.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 1152-1168.
Haynes, S.N. (1986). The design of intervention programs. Em
R.O. Nelson & S.C. Hayes (Orgs.), Conceptual Foundations
of Behavioral Assessment (pp. 386-429). New York: Guilford.
Hersen, M. (1988). Behavioral assessment and psychiatric diagnosis.
Behavioral Assessment, 10, 107-121.
Holburn, S. (1997). A renaissance in residential behavior analysis?
A historical perspective and a better way to help people with
challenging behavior. The Behavior Analyst, 20, 61-85.
Kanfer, F.H. & Grinnim, L.G. (1977). Behavioral analysis: Selecting
target behaviors in the interview. Behavior Modification, 1,
7-28.
Psic.: Teor. e Pesq., Brasilia, Mai-Ago 1998, Vol. 14 n. 2, pp. 139-147
Kazdin, A. (1983). Psychiatric diagnosis dimensions of disfunction
and child behavior therapy. Behavior Therapy, 14, 73-99.
Maser, J.D., Kaelber, С & Weise, R.E. (1991). International use
and attitudes toward DSM-III and DSM-III-R: Growing consensus
in psychiatric classification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,
100, 271-279.
Millon, T. (1991). Classification in psychopatology: Rationale, alternatives,
and standards. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100,
245-261.
Morey, L.C., Skinner, H.A. & Blasshfield, R.K. (1986). Trends in
the classification of abnormal behavior. Em A. Ciminero, K.S.
Calhoun & H.E. Adams (Orgs.), Handbook of Behavior Assessment
(pp. 47-75). New York, John Willey & Sons.
Pepper, S.C. (1970). World hypotheses: A study in evidence. Berkeley,
CA: University of California Press. (Originalmente
publicado em 1942)
Pessotti, I. (1994). A loucura e as épocas. Rio de Janeiro, Editora
34.
Pichot, P. (1994). Nosological models in psychiatry. British Journal
of Psychiatry, 164, 232-240.
Shapiro, M.B. (1989). A phenomenon-oriented strategy in depression
research. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 28, 289-
305.
Skinner, B.F. (1965). Science and human behavior. New York/London:
Free Press/Collier MacMillan. (Originalmente publicado
em 1953)
Skinner, B.F. (1989). The operant side of behavior therapy. Recent
issues in the analysis of behavior (pp.121-135). Columbus,
Ohio: Merrill. (Originalmente publicado em 1988)
Skinner, B.F. (1969). Behaviorism at fifty. Em Skinner, B.F. (1969).
Contingencies of reinforcement: A theorical analysis (pp. 221-
268). New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. (Originalmente
publicado em 1963)
Sobell, L.C., Toneatto, T. & Sobell, M.B. (1994). Behavioral assessment
and treatment planning for alcohol, tobacco and other
drug problems: Current status with an emphasis on clinical
applications. Behavior Therapy, 25, 533-580.
Steketee, G. (1994). Behavioral assessment and treatment planning
with obsessive compulsive disorder: A review emphasizing
clinical application. Behavior Therapy, 25, 613-633.
Sturmey, PS. (1996). Functional analysis in clinical psychology.
England: John Willey & Sons.
Downloads
Published
2012-09-12
How to Cite
Neno Cavalcante, S., & Zagury Tourinho, E. (2012). Classification and Diagnosis in Clinical Practice:: Possibilities of a Behavior-Analytic Model. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 14(2), 139–147. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17319
Issue
Section
Artigos
