UNTIL WHEN DO I NEED TO USE IMAGINATION?
Keywords:
Imaginary world, Problem solving, Syllogistic reasoningAbstract
When premises are presented in the context of a
make-believe game, 4 to 6 year-old children can reason about syllogisms
whith contents that run directly counter to their beliefs (Dias e Harris.
1988a, b, c). In the present study, we extent the age range to include 7 to
10-years-old in order to find out whether older children dispense the use of
a "make-believe world" as an aid to solve contrary facts syllogisms. The
results showed that, in a first phase, from 5 to 9 years of age, children
need the support of make-believe context to reason correctly. In a second
phase, from 10 years of age, children seem to reason correctly with
propositions that previously, without the support of a fíctitíous context,
would be rejected as untrue or bizarre.
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References
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Markman (Eds.), Cognitive development, Carmichael's manual of child
psychology, Vol. Ill, 4th Edition, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Dias, M. G. B. B. (1987). Da lógica do adolescente à lógica do analfabeto: há
progresso? Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, 39, 1, 29-40.
Dias, M. G. & Harris, P. L. (1988a). The effect of make-believe play on deductive
reasoning. Brítish Journalof Developmental Psychology, 6, 207-221.
Dias, M. G. & Harris, P. L. (1988b). Reality versus imagination: their effect on
deductive reasoning. Trabalho apresentado na Annual Conference 1988 of the
"Brítish Psychological Society - Developmental Psychology Section", País de
Gales.
Dias, M. G. & Harris, P. L (1988c). Realidade x fantasia: sua influência no raciocínio
dedutivo. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 4, 1, 55-68.
Dias, M. G. B. B. & Harris, P. L. (1990). The, influence of the imagination on reasoning
by young children. Brítish Journal of Developmental Psychology, 8, 305-318.
Estes, D., Weliman, H. M. & Woolley, J.D. (no prelo). Children's understanding of
mental phenomena. Em H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in child development and
behavior. New York: Academic Press.
Feather, N. T. (1964). Acceptance and rejection of arguments in relation to attitude
strength, criticai ability and intolerance of inconsistency. Journal of Abnormaland
Social Psychology, 69, 127-36.
Garvey, C. (1977). Play. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Harris, P. L, Marriot, C, & Whittall, S. (1988). Monsíers, Ghosts and Witches: Testing
the limits of the fantasy-reality distinction in young children. Paper presented at
the European Conference of Development Psychology, Budapest, Hungary.
Hawkins, J., Pea, R.D., Glick, J., & Scribner, S. (1984). "Merds that laugh don't like
mushrooms": Evidence for deductive reasoning by preschoolers, Developmental
Psychology, 20, 4, 584-594.
Henle, M., & Michael, M. (1956). The influence of attitudes on syllogistic reasoning.
Journal of Social Psychology, 44, 115-127.
Jennings, R., & Walker, P. (1987). Conditional reasoning: factors which influence
children's understanding of "If... then" statements. Presented at the Biennial
Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Baltimore, Maryland.
Kuhn, D. (1977). Conditional reasoning in chiidren. Developmental Psychology, 13,
342-353.
Leslie, A. M. (1988). The necessity of illusion: Perception and thought in ínfancy. Em L.
Weiskrantz (Ed.). Thought without language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Liu, G. L. (1985). Reasoning counter factually in Chinese: Are there any obstacles?
Cognition, 21, 239-270.
Piaget, J. (1962). Play, dreams, and imitation in childhood. New York: Norton.
Piper, D. (1985). Syllogistic reasoning in varied narrative context: Aspects of logical
and linguistic development. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 14, 1, 19-43.
Reilly, J. S. (1983). Acquiring conditionals: how language and cognition interact. Paper
presented at the Eighth Annual Boston University Conference on Language
Development.
Scribner, S. (1975). Recall of classic syllogisms: A cross-cultural investigation of
errors in logical problems. Em R. Falmagne (Ed.), Reasoning representation and
process in chiidren and adults. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
Stockinger Forys, S. K., & McCune-Nicolich, L. (1984). Shared pretend:
Sociodramatic play at 3 years of age. Em I. Bretherton (Ed.), Symbolicplay: The
development of social understanding, Orlando, Fia: Academic Press.
Wilson, W. (1965). The effect of competition on the speed and accuracy of syllogistic
reasoning. Journal of Social Psychology, 65, 27-32.
Markman (Eds.), Cognitive development, Carmichael's manual of child
psychology, Vol. Ill, 4th Edition, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Dias, M. G. B. B. (1987). Da lógica do adolescente à lógica do analfabeto: há
progresso? Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia, 39, 1, 29-40.
Dias, M. G. & Harris, P. L. (1988a). The effect of make-believe play on deductive
reasoning. Brítish Journalof Developmental Psychology, 6, 207-221.
Dias, M. G. & Harris, P. L. (1988b). Reality versus imagination: their effect on
deductive reasoning. Trabalho apresentado na Annual Conference 1988 of the
"Brítish Psychological Society - Developmental Psychology Section", País de
Gales.
Dias, M. G. & Harris, P. L (1988c). Realidade x fantasia: sua influência no raciocínio
dedutivo. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 4, 1, 55-68.
Dias, M. G. B. B. & Harris, P. L. (1990). The, influence of the imagination on reasoning
by young children. Brítish Journal of Developmental Psychology, 8, 305-318.
Estes, D., Weliman, H. M. & Woolley, J.D. (no prelo). Children's understanding of
mental phenomena. Em H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in child development and
behavior. New York: Academic Press.
Feather, N. T. (1964). Acceptance and rejection of arguments in relation to attitude
strength, criticai ability and intolerance of inconsistency. Journal of Abnormaland
Social Psychology, 69, 127-36.
Garvey, C. (1977). Play. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Harris, P. L, Marriot, C, & Whittall, S. (1988). Monsíers, Ghosts and Witches: Testing
the limits of the fantasy-reality distinction in young children. Paper presented at
the European Conference of Development Psychology, Budapest, Hungary.
Hawkins, J., Pea, R.D., Glick, J., & Scribner, S. (1984). "Merds that laugh don't like
mushrooms": Evidence for deductive reasoning by preschoolers, Developmental
Psychology, 20, 4, 584-594.
Henle, M., & Michael, M. (1956). The influence of attitudes on syllogistic reasoning.
Journal of Social Psychology, 44, 115-127.
Jennings, R., & Walker, P. (1987). Conditional reasoning: factors which influence
children's understanding of "If... then" statements. Presented at the Biennial
Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Baltimore, Maryland.
Kuhn, D. (1977). Conditional reasoning in chiidren. Developmental Psychology, 13,
342-353.
Leslie, A. M. (1988). The necessity of illusion: Perception and thought in ínfancy. Em L.
Weiskrantz (Ed.). Thought without language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Liu, G. L. (1985). Reasoning counter factually in Chinese: Are there any obstacles?
Cognition, 21, 239-270.
Piaget, J. (1962). Play, dreams, and imitation in childhood. New York: Norton.
Piper, D. (1985). Syllogistic reasoning in varied narrative context: Aspects of logical
and linguistic development. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 14, 1, 19-43.
Reilly, J. S. (1983). Acquiring conditionals: how language and cognition interact. Paper
presented at the Eighth Annual Boston University Conference on Language
Development.
Scribner, S. (1975). Recall of classic syllogisms: A cross-cultural investigation of
errors in logical problems. Em R. Falmagne (Ed.), Reasoning representation and
process in chiidren and adults. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
Stockinger Forys, S. K., & McCune-Nicolich, L. (1984). Shared pretend:
Sociodramatic play at 3 years of age. Em I. Bretherton (Ed.), Symbolicplay: The
development of social understanding, Orlando, Fia: Academic Press.
Wilson, W. (1965). The effect of competition on the speed and accuracy of syllogistic
reasoning. Journal of Social Psychology, 65, 27-32.
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Published
2012-08-29
How to Cite
Dias, M. da G. B. B. (2012). UNTIL WHEN DO I NEED TO USE IMAGINATION?. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 8(3), 351–361. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17146
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