HOSPITALIZATION IN CHILDHOOD
Abstract
The conditions of the hospitalized child have been of
interest to many health professionals, who are concerned with the
holistic assistance to the child as a biopsychosocial being and with
the effects of the physical, social and emotional context on the developmental
process. The child needs an organized, adequate and
accessible stimulation for his or her healthy development. Exploring
and playing, children increase their behavioral repertory
and try different responses for adjusting to the environment.
Even though hospitalized, the child's right to playing and being stimulated
must be ensured. The development of a behavioral technology
adequate to the hospital environment, as well as the effective
inclusion of the psychologist in the health staff are needed.
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References
Alcântara, P. (1964). Peculiariedades do problema assistencial da criança. Em:
P. Alcântara & E. Marcondes (Eds.), Pediatria Básica, SP: Procienx.
Barbosa, LT. (sem data). Aspectos psicossociais da assistência à criança. Temas
de Pediatria, 9,1-30.
Barowsky, E.l. (1978). Young children's perception and reactions to hospitalization.
Em: E. Gellert, (Ed.), Psychosocial aspects of pediatric care. New
York: Grune & Stratton.
Bijou, S.W. & Baer, D.M. (1978). Behavior analysis of child development. New
York: Prentice-Hall.
Bowlby, J. (1940). The influence of early environment in the development of
neurosis and neurotic character. Internationa/Journal of Psycho-Analysis,
39, 350-373.
Bowlby, J. (1960). Separation anxiety. Internationa/Journal of Psycho-Analysis,
47,89-113.
Bowlby, J. (1961). Separation anxiety: A critical review of the literature. Journal
of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1,251-269.
Bruner, J.S., Jolly, A. & Sylva,K. (Eds.). (1976). Play - It s role in development
and evolution. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Bruner, J.S. & Sherwood, V. (1 976). Peekaboo and the learning of rule structures.
Em: J.S. Brunner, A. Jolly&K. Sylva, (Eds.), Play - It s role in development
and evolution (277-285). Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Carvalho, A.A. (1977). A criança e sua educação. Anais Nestlé, 100, 68-70.
Carvalho, A.M.A. (1983). 0 desenvolvimento da criança. Pediatria Moderna, 18,
268-280.
Chiattone, H.B.C. (1984). Relato de experiência de intervenção psicológica junto
à criança hospitalizada. Em: V.A. Angerami, (Ed.), Psicologia hospitalar.
São Paulo: Traço.
Clarke, A.M. & Clarke, A.D.B. (1976). Early experience: Myth and evidence. Londres:
Open Books.
Cleveland, W.W. (1985). Dormant correspondence reconsidered. The Journal
of Pediatrics, 107, 910-911.
Connor, J.R., Melone, J. H., Yuen, A.R. & Diamond, C.M. (1981 (.Dendritic length
in aged rats' occipital cortex: An environmentally induced response.
Experimental Neurology, 73, 827-830.
Crocker, E. (1978). Play programs in pediatric settings. Em: E. Gellert, (Ed.), Psychosocial
aspects of pediatric care. New York: Grune & Stratton.
D'Antonio, I.J. (1984). Terapeutic use of play in hospitals. Nursing Clinics of
North America, 19, 3 51 - 359.
Erikson, E. (1976). Identidade, juventude e crise (Tradução de Álvaro Cabral).
Rio de Janeiro: Zahar Editores.
Field, T.M. (1986). Interventions for premature infants. The Journal of Pediatrics,
109, 183-191.
Garfunkel, J.M. (1985). The pediatrician of the future. The Journal of Pediatrics,
107, 911-912.
Haith, M.M. (1 986). Sensory and perceptual process in early infancy. The Journal
of Pediatrics, 109, 158-171.
Hakimi-Manesh, Y., Mojdehi, H. & Tashakkori, A. (1984). Effects of environmental
enrichment of the mental and psychomotor development of
orphanage children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 25,643-
650.
Hegg, R.V. &Luongo, J. (1977). A criança e a educação física. Anais Nestlé, 100,
81-94.
Hutt, С. (1 976). Exploration and play in children. Em: J.S. Bruner, A. Jolly & K.
Sylva (Eds.), Play”” Its role in development and evolution (202-21 5). Harmondsworth:
Penguin.
Hutt, С & Bhavnani, R. (1976). Predictions from play. Em: J.S. Bruner, A. Jolly &
K. Sylva (Eds.), Play ”” Its role in development and evolution (pp. 216-
219). Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Kamiyama, Y. (1972). O doente hospitalizado e sua percepção quanto à prioridade
de seus problemas. Tese de doutoramento não publicada. Universidade
de São Paulo, São Paulo.
Kielhofner, G.; Barris, R.; Bauer, D.; Shoestock, B.& Walker, L. (1983). A comparison
of play behaviors in nonhospitalized and hospitalized children. The
American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 37, 305-31 2.
Lipsitt, L.P. (1986). Learning in infancy: cognitive development in babies. The
Journal of Pediatrics, 109, 1 72-182.
Machado, D.V.M. (1977). O brinquedo e suas funções. Anais Nestlé, 100, 54-
59.
Marcondes, E. (1977). A criança e sua recreação. Anais Nestlé, 100, 45-53.
Marcondes, E. (1986). O ensino do crescimento da criança. Pediatria, 8, 1 28-
130.
Mason, E.A. (1978). Hospital and family cooperating to reduce psychological
trauma. Community Mental Health Journal, 14, 153-159.
Matos, M.A. (1983a). Ambiente e desenvolvimento infantil. Pediatria Moderna,
18, 283-288.
Matos, M.A. (1983b). A medida do ambiente de desenvolvimento infantil. Psicologia,
1,5-18.
McGregor, S.G., Schofield, W. & Powell, С. (1 987). Development of severely
malnourished children who received psychosocial stimulation: Six-year
follow-up. Pediatrics, 79, 247-254.
Okay, Y. (1986). Atenção global à criança e modelo biomédico. Pediatria, 8,
172-175.
Piaget, J. (1976). Mastery play. Em: J.S. Bruner, A. Jolly & K. Sylva (Eds.), Play
”” It's role in development and evolution (pp. 166-171). Harmondsworth:
Penguin.
Queiroz, A.M. (1977). Estimulação psico-sensorial do lactente. Anais Nestlé,
100, 47-53.
Romero, F.C., Valdês, E.E.D., Ungo, S.C. & Pedraza, V.J. (1986). Transtornos
psicológicos del paciente grave у su acompanante. Revista Cubana de Pediatria,
6, 711-714.
Rosamilha, N. (1979). Psicologia do jogo e aprendizagem infantil. São Paulo: Pioneira.
Rosenblatt, D. (1977). Developmental trends in infant play. Em: B. Tizard & D.
Harvey, (Eds.). Biology of play (pp. 33-44). London: Lavenhan.
Rosenzweig, M.R. (1966). Environmental complexity, cerebral change and behavior.
American Psychologist, 21, 321 -331.
Rosenzweig, M.R. (1984). Experience, memory, and the brain. American Psychologist,
39, 365-376.
Rosenzweig, M.R., Bennet, E.L & Krech, D. (1964). Cerebral effects of environmental
complexity and training among adult rats. Journal of Comparative
and Physiological Psychology, 57, 438-439.
Rosenzweig, M.R., Krech, D. & Bennet, E.L. (1962). Relation between brain chemistry
and problem-solving among rats in enriched and impoverished
environments. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55,
801-807.
Rutter, M. (1979). Maternal deprivation, 1979: New findings, new concepts,
new approaches. Child Development, 50, 283-305.
Sameroff, A. J. (1986). Environmental context of child development. The Journal
of Pediatrics, 109,. 1 92-200.
Spitz, R.A. (1965). O primeiro ano de vida ”” um estudo psicanalítico do desenvolvimento
normal e anômalo das relações objetais. São Paulo: Martins Fontes.
Sylva, K. (1977). Play and learning. Em: Ð’. Tizard & D. Harvey (Eds.), Biology of
play (pp. 59-72). London: Lavenhan.
Uylings, H.B.M., Kuypers, K., Diamond, M.C. & Voltman, W.A.M. (1978). Effects
of differential environments on plasticity of dendrites of cortical pyramidal
neurons in adult rats. Experimental Neurology, 62, 658-677.
Verzemnieks. I.L. (1984). Developmental stimulation for infants and toddlers.
American Journal of Nursing, 84, 749-752.
Vygotsky, L.S. (1984). O papel do brinquedo no desenvolvimento infantil. Em:
A formação social da mente, São Paulo: Martins Fontes.
Yarrow, L.J., Rubenstein, J.L & Pedersen, F.A. (1975). Infant and environmental
early cognitive and motivational development. Washington, D.C.: Hemisphere
Publishing Corporation.
Wachs, r.D. & Gruen, G.E. (1982). Early experience and human development._
New York: McGraw-Hill.
Will, B.E., Rosenzweig, M.R., Bennet, E.L, Herbert, M. & Morimoto, H. (1977).
Relatively brief environmental enrichment aids recovery at postweaning
brain lesions in rats. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology,
91, 33-49.
Windholz, M. (1984). Relatório sobre o primeiro Simpósio Internacional sobre
Intervenção e Estimulação do Desenvolvimento Infantil-Jerusalém.
Anais da XIV Reunião Anual de Psicologia, Sociedade de Psicologia de
Ribeirão Preto, 83-96.
Zager, R.P. (1980). Emotional needs of children in hospitals. Delaware Medical
Journal, 52, 265-270.
Zannon, C.M.L.C. (1981). 0 comportamento de crianças hospitalizadas e a rotina
hospitalar: subsídios para a atuação do psicólogo junto à equipe de pediatria.
Tese de Doutoramento, não publicada. Universidade de São Paulo,
São Paulo.
P. Alcântara & E. Marcondes (Eds.), Pediatria Básica, SP: Procienx.
Barbosa, LT. (sem data). Aspectos psicossociais da assistência à criança. Temas
de Pediatria, 9,1-30.
Barowsky, E.l. (1978). Young children's perception and reactions to hospitalization.
Em: E. Gellert, (Ed.), Psychosocial aspects of pediatric care. New
York: Grune & Stratton.
Bijou, S.W. & Baer, D.M. (1978). Behavior analysis of child development. New
York: Prentice-Hall.
Bowlby, J. (1940). The influence of early environment in the development of
neurosis and neurotic character. Internationa/Journal of Psycho-Analysis,
39, 350-373.
Bowlby, J. (1960). Separation anxiety. Internationa/Journal of Psycho-Analysis,
47,89-113.
Bowlby, J. (1961). Separation anxiety: A critical review of the literature. Journal
of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1,251-269.
Bruner, J.S., Jolly, A. & Sylva,K. (Eds.). (1976). Play - It s role in development
and evolution. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Bruner, J.S. & Sherwood, V. (1 976). Peekaboo and the learning of rule structures.
Em: J.S. Brunner, A. Jolly&K. Sylva, (Eds.), Play - It s role in development
and evolution (277-285). Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Carvalho, A.A. (1977). A criança e sua educação. Anais Nestlé, 100, 68-70.
Carvalho, A.M.A. (1983). 0 desenvolvimento da criança. Pediatria Moderna, 18,
268-280.
Chiattone, H.B.C. (1984). Relato de experiência de intervenção psicológica junto
à criança hospitalizada. Em: V.A. Angerami, (Ed.), Psicologia hospitalar.
São Paulo: Traço.
Clarke, A.M. & Clarke, A.D.B. (1976). Early experience: Myth and evidence. Londres:
Open Books.
Cleveland, W.W. (1985). Dormant correspondence reconsidered. The Journal
of Pediatrics, 107, 910-911.
Connor, J.R., Melone, J. H., Yuen, A.R. & Diamond, C.M. (1981 (.Dendritic length
in aged rats' occipital cortex: An environmentally induced response.
Experimental Neurology, 73, 827-830.
Crocker, E. (1978). Play programs in pediatric settings. Em: E. Gellert, (Ed.), Psychosocial
aspects of pediatric care. New York: Grune & Stratton.
D'Antonio, I.J. (1984). Terapeutic use of play in hospitals. Nursing Clinics of
North America, 19, 3 51 - 359.
Erikson, E. (1976). Identidade, juventude e crise (Tradução de Álvaro Cabral).
Rio de Janeiro: Zahar Editores.
Field, T.M. (1986). Interventions for premature infants. The Journal of Pediatrics,
109, 183-191.
Garfunkel, J.M. (1985). The pediatrician of the future. The Journal of Pediatrics,
107, 911-912.
Haith, M.M. (1 986). Sensory and perceptual process in early infancy. The Journal
of Pediatrics, 109, 158-171.
Hakimi-Manesh, Y., Mojdehi, H. & Tashakkori, A. (1984). Effects of environmental
enrichment of the mental and psychomotor development of
orphanage children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 25,643-
650.
Hegg, R.V. &Luongo, J. (1977). A criança e a educação física. Anais Nestlé, 100,
81-94.
Hutt, С. (1 976). Exploration and play in children. Em: J.S. Bruner, A. Jolly & K.
Sylva (Eds.), Play”” Its role in development and evolution (202-21 5). Harmondsworth:
Penguin.
Hutt, С & Bhavnani, R. (1976). Predictions from play. Em: J.S. Bruner, A. Jolly &
K. Sylva (Eds.), Play ”” Its role in development and evolution (pp. 216-
219). Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Kamiyama, Y. (1972). O doente hospitalizado e sua percepção quanto à prioridade
de seus problemas. Tese de doutoramento não publicada. Universidade
de São Paulo, São Paulo.
Kielhofner, G.; Barris, R.; Bauer, D.; Shoestock, B.& Walker, L. (1983). A comparison
of play behaviors in nonhospitalized and hospitalized children. The
American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 37, 305-31 2.
Lipsitt, L.P. (1986). Learning in infancy: cognitive development in babies. The
Journal of Pediatrics, 109, 1 72-182.
Machado, D.V.M. (1977). O brinquedo e suas funções. Anais Nestlé, 100, 54-
59.
Marcondes, E. (1977). A criança e sua recreação. Anais Nestlé, 100, 45-53.
Marcondes, E. (1986). O ensino do crescimento da criança. Pediatria, 8, 1 28-
130.
Mason, E.A. (1978). Hospital and family cooperating to reduce psychological
trauma. Community Mental Health Journal, 14, 153-159.
Matos, M.A. (1983a). Ambiente e desenvolvimento infantil. Pediatria Moderna,
18, 283-288.
Matos, M.A. (1983b). A medida do ambiente de desenvolvimento infantil. Psicologia,
1,5-18.
McGregor, S.G., Schofield, W. & Powell, С. (1 987). Development of severely
malnourished children who received psychosocial stimulation: Six-year
follow-up. Pediatrics, 79, 247-254.
Okay, Y. (1986). Atenção global à criança e modelo biomédico. Pediatria, 8,
172-175.
Piaget, J. (1976). Mastery play. Em: J.S. Bruner, A. Jolly & K. Sylva (Eds.), Play
”” It's role in development and evolution (pp. 166-171). Harmondsworth:
Penguin.
Queiroz, A.M. (1977). Estimulação psico-sensorial do lactente. Anais Nestlé,
100, 47-53.
Romero, F.C., Valdês, E.E.D., Ungo, S.C. & Pedraza, V.J. (1986). Transtornos
psicológicos del paciente grave у su acompanante. Revista Cubana de Pediatria,
6, 711-714.
Rosamilha, N. (1979). Psicologia do jogo e aprendizagem infantil. São Paulo: Pioneira.
Rosenblatt, D. (1977). Developmental trends in infant play. Em: B. Tizard & D.
Harvey, (Eds.). Biology of play (pp. 33-44). London: Lavenhan.
Rosenzweig, M.R. (1966). Environmental complexity, cerebral change and behavior.
American Psychologist, 21, 321 -331.
Rosenzweig, M.R. (1984). Experience, memory, and the brain. American Psychologist,
39, 365-376.
Rosenzweig, M.R., Bennet, E.L & Krech, D. (1964). Cerebral effects of environmental
complexity and training among adult rats. Journal of Comparative
and Physiological Psychology, 57, 438-439.
Rosenzweig, M.R., Krech, D. & Bennet, E.L. (1962). Relation between brain chemistry
and problem-solving among rats in enriched and impoverished
environments. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55,
801-807.
Rutter, M. (1979). Maternal deprivation, 1979: New findings, new concepts,
new approaches. Child Development, 50, 283-305.
Sameroff, A. J. (1986). Environmental context of child development. The Journal
of Pediatrics, 109,. 1 92-200.
Spitz, R.A. (1965). O primeiro ano de vida ”” um estudo psicanalítico do desenvolvimento
normal e anômalo das relações objetais. São Paulo: Martins Fontes.
Sylva, K. (1977). Play and learning. Em: Ð’. Tizard & D. Harvey (Eds.), Biology of
play (pp. 59-72). London: Lavenhan.
Uylings, H.B.M., Kuypers, K., Diamond, M.C. & Voltman, W.A.M. (1978). Effects
of differential environments on plasticity of dendrites of cortical pyramidal
neurons in adult rats. Experimental Neurology, 62, 658-677.
Verzemnieks. I.L. (1984). Developmental stimulation for infants and toddlers.
American Journal of Nursing, 84, 749-752.
Vygotsky, L.S. (1984). O papel do brinquedo no desenvolvimento infantil. Em:
A formação social da mente, São Paulo: Martins Fontes.
Yarrow, L.J., Rubenstein, J.L & Pedersen, F.A. (1975). Infant and environmental
early cognitive and motivational development. Washington, D.C.: Hemisphere
Publishing Corporation.
Wachs, r.D. & Gruen, G.E. (1982). Early experience and human development._
New York: McGraw-Hill.
Will, B.E., Rosenzweig, M.R., Bennet, E.L, Herbert, M. & Morimoto, H. (1977).
Relatively brief environmental enrichment aids recovery at postweaning
brain lesions in rats. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology,
91, 33-49.
Windholz, M. (1984). Relatório sobre o primeiro Simpósio Internacional sobre
Intervenção e Estimulação do Desenvolvimento Infantil-Jerusalém.
Anais da XIV Reunião Anual de Psicologia, Sociedade de Psicologia de
Ribeirão Preto, 83-96.
Zager, R.P. (1980). Emotional needs of children in hospitals. Delaware Medical
Journal, 52, 265-270.
Zannon, C.M.L.C. (1981). 0 comportamento de crianças hospitalizadas e a rotina
hospitalar: subsídios para a atuação do psicólogo junto à equipe de pediatria.
Tese de Doutoramento, não publicada. Universidade de São Paulo,
São Paulo.
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Published
2012-07-12
How to Cite
Sales Guimarães, S. (2012). HOSPITALIZATION IN CHILDHOOD. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 4(2), 102–112. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17039
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