ATTITUDES TOWARD MENTALLY ILL;
INFLUENCES OF THE TYPE AND LEVEL OF UNIVERSITY TRAINING
Abstract
The present investigation examines the influences of the
type and level of university training concerning attitudes towards
mentally ill of residents in Great Vitória-ES. The starting point were three
types of university training (Psichology, Social Work, Medicine) and two
levels of these (freshmen and veterans) worked within a factorial design
3 x 2 in order to confront the differences of attitudes in regard to mentally
ill, measured by the Attitudes Towards the Mentally ill Scale - ADM
(Pasquali, Nogueira, Martins and Martins, 1987). The results obtained, referring to university training, indicate that psichology students present,
generally, more positive attitudes than the medical students; while the
social workes students do not differentiate themselves significantly from
the other two groups. As to the level of university training, the results
indicate that statistically there are no significant differences among the
investigated individuals.
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References
BARRET, J. Jr; KURIANSKY, J. & GURLAND, B. (1972). Community tenure
following emergency discharge. American Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 958-964.
BENTINCK, C. (1967). Opinions about mental illness held by patients and relatives.
Family Process, 6,139-207.
BROWN, G.; MONCK, E.; CARSTAIRS, G. M. & WING, J. (1962). Influence of family
life in the course of schizophrenic illnes. British Journal of Preventive and
Social Medicine, 16, 55-68.
COHEN, J. & STRUENING, E. L. (1962). Opinions about mental illness in the personnel
of two largel mental hospitals. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,
64, 349-360.
COHEN, J. & STRUENING, E. L. (1963). Opinions about mental illness: Mental hospital
occupational profiles and profile clusters. Psychological Reports, 12,
112-124.
COHEN, J. & STRUENING, E. L. (1964). Opinions about mental illness: Hospital
social atmosphere profiles and their relevance to effectiveness. Journal of Consulting
Psychology, 28, 291-298.
COOPER, D. G. (1973). Psiquiatria e antipsiquiatria. São Paulo: Perspectiva.
DAVIS, J.; FREEMAN, H. & SIMMONS, O. (1957). Rehospitalization and performance
levels of former mental patients. Social Problems, 5,37-44.
DEYKIN, E. (1961). The reintegration of the chronic schizophrenic patient discharged
to his family and community as perceived by the family. Mental Hygiene, 45,
235-246.
DURHAN, K. (1977). Attitudes and opinions of high school teachers toward mental
health. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37, (9-B), 4752-4753.
FARINA, A.; FISHER, J. D.; GETTER, H. & FISHER; E. H. (1978). Some
consequences of changing people's views regarding the nature of mental
illness. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87,272-279.
FISHBEIN, M. & AJZEN, I. (1975). Beliefs, attitudes, intention and behavior: An introduction
to theory and research. London: Addison-Wesley.
GOFFMAN, E. (1974). Manicômios, prisões e conventos. São Paulo: Perspectiva.
HOLLINGSHEAD, A & REDLICH, F. (1958). Social class and mental illness. New
York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
KIRKBY, R. J. & JAMES, A. (1979). Attitudes of medical practioners to mental
illness. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 13,165-168.
KOUTRELAKOS, J.; GEDEON, S.M. & STRUENING, E. L. (1978). Opinions about
mentali illness: A comparison of American and Greek professionais and laymen.
Psychological Reports, 43,915-923.
KREISMAN, D. G. & JOY, V. D. (1974). Family response to the mental illness of a
relative: A review of the literature. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 10, 34-54.
LAOSEBIKAN, S. (1980). Attitudes of Nigerian and American (U.S.) psychiatric
professionals towards the mentally ill. The Journal of Social Psychology, 110,
291-292.
MARTINS, A. E. O. (1982). Atitudes frente ao Doente Mental: influências do tipo de
contato e do nível de escolaridade. Tese de Mestrado. Brasília: UnB.
MORRISON, J. K. & BECHER, R. (1975). Seminar - Induced change in a
community psychiatric team's reported attitudes toward "mental illness". Journal
of Community Psychology, 3, 281-284.
MORRISON, J. K. & NEVID, J.S. (1976). Attitudes of mental patients and mental
health professionals about mental illness. Psychological Reports, 38, 565-566.
MORRISON, J. K.; YABLONOVITZ, H.; HARRIS, M. R. & NEVID, J. S. (1976). The
attitudes of nursing students and others about mental illness. Journal of Psychiatric
Nursing and Mental Health Services, 14,17-19.
MORRISON, J.K.; PETERSON, R. M & SIMONS, P. (1977). Attitudes toward
mental illness. A conflict between students and professionals. Psychological
Reports, 41,1013-1014.
MOSCOWITZ, I. S. (1975). Identification of behavior as indicative of mental illness
by mental health professionals and the general public. Dissertation Abstracts
International, 35, (12-B), 6105-6106.
NUNNALLY, J. (1961). Popular conceptions of mental health: Their development and
change. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.
PASQUALI, L; NOGUEIRA, A.M.P.; MARTINS, A.E. de O. & MARTINS, F.M. de
M. С (1987). Atitude frente ao doente mental. Um modelo etiológico e medida de
atitudes. Revista de Psicologia, Fortaleza (no prelo).
PRYER, M. W. & DISTEFANO, M. K. JR. (1977). Relationship between opinions
about mental illness and mental health knowledge among psychiatric aides.
Psychological Reports, 40, 241-242.
RABKIN, J. G. (1982). Opinions about mental illness: A review of the literature.
Psychological Bulletin, 77,153-171.
SAMPSON, N. Ð’. (1976). Paraprofessionals in community mental health: Attitudes,
attitude change and attitude stability. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37, (5-
A), 2648-2649.
SELESNICK, S. T. & ALEXANDER, F. G. (1968). História da Psiquiatria. São Paulo:
Ibrasa.
SMITH, D. L. (1977). Mental health opinions of high school students: An exploration.
Dissertation Abstracts International, 37, (9-A), 6077-6078.
SZASZ, T. S. (1976). A fabricação da loucura. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar.
SZASZ, T. S. (1977). Ideologia e doença mental. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar.
TOWNSEND, J. M. (1975). Cultural conceptions, mental disorders and social roles:
A comparison of Germany and America. American Sociological Review, 40,
739-752.
WHIGHT, F. H. & KLEIN, R. A. (1966). Attitudes of hospital personnel and the
community regarding mental illness. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 13,
106-107.
following emergency discharge. American Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 958-964.
BENTINCK, C. (1967). Opinions about mental illness held by patients and relatives.
Family Process, 6,139-207.
BROWN, G.; MONCK, E.; CARSTAIRS, G. M. & WING, J. (1962). Influence of family
life in the course of schizophrenic illnes. British Journal of Preventive and
Social Medicine, 16, 55-68.
COHEN, J. & STRUENING, E. L. (1962). Opinions about mental illness in the personnel
of two largel mental hospitals. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,
64, 349-360.
COHEN, J. & STRUENING, E. L. (1963). Opinions about mental illness: Mental hospital
occupational profiles and profile clusters. Psychological Reports, 12,
112-124.
COHEN, J. & STRUENING, E. L. (1964). Opinions about mental illness: Hospital
social atmosphere profiles and their relevance to effectiveness. Journal of Consulting
Psychology, 28, 291-298.
COOPER, D. G. (1973). Psiquiatria e antipsiquiatria. São Paulo: Perspectiva.
DAVIS, J.; FREEMAN, H. & SIMMONS, O. (1957). Rehospitalization and performance
levels of former mental patients. Social Problems, 5,37-44.
DEYKIN, E. (1961). The reintegration of the chronic schizophrenic patient discharged
to his family and community as perceived by the family. Mental Hygiene, 45,
235-246.
DURHAN, K. (1977). Attitudes and opinions of high school teachers toward mental
health. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37, (9-B), 4752-4753.
FARINA, A.; FISHER, J. D.; GETTER, H. & FISHER; E. H. (1978). Some
consequences of changing people's views regarding the nature of mental
illness. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87,272-279.
FISHBEIN, M. & AJZEN, I. (1975). Beliefs, attitudes, intention and behavior: An introduction
to theory and research. London: Addison-Wesley.
GOFFMAN, E. (1974). Manicômios, prisões e conventos. São Paulo: Perspectiva.
HOLLINGSHEAD, A & REDLICH, F. (1958). Social class and mental illness. New
York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
KIRKBY, R. J. & JAMES, A. (1979). Attitudes of medical practioners to mental
illness. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 13,165-168.
KOUTRELAKOS, J.; GEDEON, S.M. & STRUENING, E. L. (1978). Opinions about
mentali illness: A comparison of American and Greek professionais and laymen.
Psychological Reports, 43,915-923.
KREISMAN, D. G. & JOY, V. D. (1974). Family response to the mental illness of a
relative: A review of the literature. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 10, 34-54.
LAOSEBIKAN, S. (1980). Attitudes of Nigerian and American (U.S.) psychiatric
professionals towards the mentally ill. The Journal of Social Psychology, 110,
291-292.
MARTINS, A. E. O. (1982). Atitudes frente ao Doente Mental: influências do tipo de
contato e do nível de escolaridade. Tese de Mestrado. Brasília: UnB.
MORRISON, J. K. & BECHER, R. (1975). Seminar - Induced change in a
community psychiatric team's reported attitudes toward "mental illness". Journal
of Community Psychology, 3, 281-284.
MORRISON, J. K. & NEVID, J.S. (1976). Attitudes of mental patients and mental
health professionals about mental illness. Psychological Reports, 38, 565-566.
MORRISON, J. K.; YABLONOVITZ, H.; HARRIS, M. R. & NEVID, J. S. (1976). The
attitudes of nursing students and others about mental illness. Journal of Psychiatric
Nursing and Mental Health Services, 14,17-19.
MORRISON, J.K.; PETERSON, R. M & SIMONS, P. (1977). Attitudes toward
mental illness. A conflict between students and professionals. Psychological
Reports, 41,1013-1014.
MOSCOWITZ, I. S. (1975). Identification of behavior as indicative of mental illness
by mental health professionals and the general public. Dissertation Abstracts
International, 35, (12-B), 6105-6106.
NUNNALLY, J. (1961). Popular conceptions of mental health: Their development and
change. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.
PASQUALI, L; NOGUEIRA, A.M.P.; MARTINS, A.E. de O. & MARTINS, F.M. de
M. С (1987). Atitude frente ao doente mental. Um modelo etiológico e medida de
atitudes. Revista de Psicologia, Fortaleza (no prelo).
PRYER, M. W. & DISTEFANO, M. K. JR. (1977). Relationship between opinions
about mental illness and mental health knowledge among psychiatric aides.
Psychological Reports, 40, 241-242.
RABKIN, J. G. (1982). Opinions about mental illness: A review of the literature.
Psychological Bulletin, 77,153-171.
SAMPSON, N. Ð’. (1976). Paraprofessionals in community mental health: Attitudes,
attitude change and attitude stability. Dissertation Abstracts International, 37, (5-
A), 2648-2649.
SELESNICK, S. T. & ALEXANDER, F. G. (1968). História da Psiquiatria. São Paulo:
Ibrasa.
SMITH, D. L. (1977). Mental health opinions of high school students: An exploration.
Dissertation Abstracts International, 37, (9-A), 6077-6078.
SZASZ, T. S. (1976). A fabricação da loucura. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar.
SZASZ, T. S. (1977). Ideologia e doença mental. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar.
TOWNSEND, J. M. (1975). Cultural conceptions, mental disorders and social roles:
A comparison of Germany and America. American Sociological Review, 40,
739-752.
WHIGHT, F. H. & KLEIN, R. A. (1966). Attitudes of hospital personnel and the
community regarding mental illness. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 13,
106-107.
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Published
2012-07-11
How to Cite
Elmo de Oliveira Martins, A. (2012). ATTITUDES TOWARD MENTALLY ILL;: INFLUENCES OF THE TYPE AND LEVEL OF UNIVERSITY TRAINING. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 3(2), 92–103. Retrieved from https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17014
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