O que é o neoliberalismo? A renovação do debate nas ciências sociais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-6992-201934010009Palavras-chave:
Neoliberalismo, Ciências sociais, Crítica, Definição, História do conceitoResumo
O conceito de neoliberalismo foi retomado pelas ciências sociais desde os anos de 2000, com a reabertura do debate internacional que busca dar definições mais precisas em sua vertente crítica. São analisados os principais argumentos contrários à utilização do conceito e defende-se seu uso devido à sua importância estratégica. As definições são agrupadas segundo as principais teorias sociológicas, separando entre aquelas que apresentam uma “essência” do neoliberalismo (teorias foucaultiana, marxista, bourdieusiana e weberiana) e aquelas que preferem tratar da multiplicidade de manifestações históricas e geográficas singulares, enfatizando o caráter híbrido dos neoliberalismos (pós-colonialista, hibridismo governamental e neorregulacionista). Conclui-se apontando para a complementaridade dos alvos, mas também para as implicações estratégicas das diferentes opções teóricas.
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