CALIBRAÇÃO EXPERIMENTAL DE MODELOS NUMÉRICOS DE PONTES FERROVIÁRIAS EM ALVENARIA DE PEDRA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26512/ripe.v2i30.21804Keywords:
Pontes ferroviárias. Alvenaria de pedra. Modelação numérica. Ensaios dinâmicos. Calibração. Algoritmo genético.Abstract
O presente artigo descreve a calibração experimental dos modelos numéricos de duas pontes ferroviárias em alvenaria de pedra localizadas na rede ferroviária Portuguesa, a ponte do Côa e a ponte de Durrães. Os modelos numéricos tridimensionais desenvolvidos baseiam-se no método dos elementos finitos, com uma representação realística dos componentes estruturais das pontes e dos respetivos materiais. Os ensaios dinâmicos envolveram a realização de ensaios de vibração ambiental, tendo em vista a caraterização dos parâmetros modais, em particular, as frequências, os modos de vibração e os coeficientes de amortecimento. A metodologia de calibração automática baseou-se na utilização de um algoritmo genético que permitiu estimar e atualizar os parâmetros do modelo numérico, particularmente as propriedades elásticas de materiais. Os resultados da calibração evidenciaram uma muito boa concordância entre as respostas modais numéricas e experimentais e uma melhoria significativa em relação aos modelos numéricos antes da calibração.
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