Implicações da Cegueira Congênita na Imagem Corporal: Uma Revisão Integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e35415Palavras-chave:
Deficiência visual, Representação mental, Imagem corporalResumo
Este estudo objetiva investigar, por meio de uma revisão integrativa, as principais implicações da cegueira congênita na imagem corporal. Um processo de buscas de artigos, sem limite de data de publicação, com os descritores “congenital blindness” e “congenitally blind”, nas bases SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Web of Science e PubMed, foi utilizado. Dentre as 3.612 publicações identificadas, 20 foram analisadas. Discutiu-se as implicações da cegueira em cinco áreas distintas: transtorno alimentar, representação do self, insatisfação corporal, experiência corporal e representação neural de autoconceito. Concluiu-se ser fundamental valorizar um complexo conjunto de fatores psicossociais no desenvolvimento da pessoa com cegueira congênita, que poderia impactar de modo positivo ou negativo a formação da imagem corporal.
Downloads
Referências
Ashikali, E. M., & Dittmar, H. (2010). Body image and restrained eating in blind and sighted women: A preliminary study. Body Image, 7, 172-175. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20185377
Baker, D., Sivyer, R., & Towell, T. (1998). Body image dissatisfaction and eating attitudes in visually impaired women. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 24(3), 319-322. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9741043
Boven, V. R. W, Hamilton, R. H., Kauffman, T., Keenan, J. P., & Pascual-Leone, A. (2000). Tactile spatial resolution in blind braille readers. Neurology, 54(12), 2230-2236. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10881245
Brittain, I. (2004). Perceptions of disability and their impact upon involvement in sport for people with disabilities at all levels. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 28, 429-452. Retirado de http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0193723504268729
Bullington, J., & Karlsson, G. (1997). Body experiences of persons who are congenitally blind: A phenomenological-psychological study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 91(2), 151-162. Retirado de http://www.afb.org/jvib/jvibabstractNew.asp?articleid=jvib910208
Cash, T. F., & Smolak, L. (2011). Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention. (2ª ed.). New York: Guilford press.
Cratty, B. J, & Sams, T. A. (1968). The body image of blind children. New York: The American Foundation for the Blind.
Fernández-Aranda, F., Crespo, J. M., Jiménez-Murcia, S., Krug, I., & Vallejo-Ruiloba, J. (2006). Blindness and bulimia nervosa: A description of a case report and its treatment. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 39, 263-265. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16498584
Fiehler, K., Reuschel, J, & Rösler, F. (2009). Early non-visual experience influences proprioceptive-spatial discrimination acuity in adulthood. Neuropsychologia, 47, 897-906. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19159637
Kaplan-Myrth N. (2000). Alice without a looking glass: Blind people and body image. Anthropology & Medicine, 7 (3), 277-299. Retirado de http://www.tandfonline.com/ doi/abs/10.1080/713650612#.VcK1UvlViko
Kinsbourne, M., & Lempert, H. (1980). Human figure representation by blind children. The Journal of General Psychology, 102, 33-37. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/pubmed/7354305
Laus, M. F., Kakeshita, I. S., Costa, T. M. B., Ferreira, M. E. C., Fortes, L. S., & Almeida, S. S. (2014). Imagem corporal no Brasil: Avanços recentes no estado de conhecimento e em questões metodológicas. Revista de Saúde Pública, 48(2), 331-46. Retirado de http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rsp/v48n2/0034-8910-rsp-48-2-0331.pdf.
Lev-Wiesel, R., Aharoni, S., & Bar-David, K. (2002). Self-figure drawings of born- blind adults: Stages of artistic development and the expression. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 29, 253-259. Retirado de http://cirrie.buffalo.edu/database/25920/.
Ma, Y., & Han, S. (2011). Neural representation of self-concept in sighted and congenitally blind adults. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 134, 235-246. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21051474.
McFarlane, A. C. (1989). Blindness and anorexia nervosa. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 34(5), 431-433. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 2766195.
Menzel, J. E., Krawczyk, R., & Thompson, J. K. (2011). Attitudinal assessment of body image for adolescents and adults In T. F. Cash & L. Smolak (Orgs.), Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention (2ª ed.). New York: Guilford press.
Morgado, F. F. R., & Ferreira, M. E. C. (2010). Análise exploratória das Escalas de Silhuetas Bidimensionais e Tridimensionais adaptadas para a pessoa com cegueira. Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial, 16(1), 47-64. Retirado de http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbee/v16n1/05.pdf.
Morgado, F. F. R, Ferreira, M. E. C, Campana, A. N. N. B, Rigby, A. S, & Tavares, M. C. G. C. F. (2013). Initial evidence of the reliability and validity of a three-dimensional Body Rating Scale for the congenitally blind. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 116(1), 91-105. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23829137.
Nunes, S. S., & Lomônaco, J. F. B. (2010). O aluno cego: Preconceitos e potencialidades. Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, 14(1), 55-54. Retirado de http://www.scielo. br/pdf/pee/v14n1/v14n1a06.
Ostojic, M. S., & Hansen, A. M. J. (2013). Sociocultural factors in the development of bulimia nervosa in a blind woman: A case report. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 46(3), 284-288. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 23001850.
Pierce, J. W., & Wardle, J. (1996). Body size, parental appraisal, and self-esteem in blind children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37(2), 205-212. Retirado de http://www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8682900.
Resnick, R. (1983). An exploratory study of the lifestyles of congenitally blind adults. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 77(10), 476-481.
Resnikoff, S., Pascolini, D., Etya'ale, D., Kocur, I., Pararajasegaram, R., & Gopal, P. (2002). Global data on visual impairment in the year 2002. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 82(11), 844-851. Retirado de http://www.who.int/ bulletin/ volumes/82/11/en/844.pdf.
Saikali, C. J., Soubhia, C. S., Scalfaro, B. M., & Cordás, T. A. (2004). Imagem corporal nos transtornos alimentares. Revista de Psiquiatria Clínica, 31(4), 164-166. Retirado de http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rpc/v31n4/22401.pdf.
Sandler, A. M., & Hobson, R. P. (2001). On engaging with people in early childhood: The case of congenital blindness. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 6(2), 205 - 222. Retirado de http://www.hcnet.usp.br/ipq/revista/vol31/n4/164.html.
Sharp, C. W. (1993). Anorexia nervosa and depression in a woman blind since the age of nine months. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 38(7), 469-471. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8242517.
Shulman, D. G. (1986). Considerations in the treatment of the adult blind patient. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42(2), 297-302. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pubmed/3958199.
Thomas, J. J., Weigel, T. J., Lawton, R. K., Levendusky, P. G. & Becker, A. E. (2012). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of body image disturbance in a congenitally blind patient with anorexia nervosa. American Journal of Psychiatry, 169(1), 16-20. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22223010.
Touyz S.W., O'Sullivan B.T., Gertler R., & Beumont P.J. (1988). Anorexia nervosa in a woman totally blind since birth. British Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 248-250. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22223010.
Vandereycken, W. (1986). Anorexia nervosa and visual impairment. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 27(6), 545-548. Retirado de http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ article/pii/0010440X86900581?np=y.
Wan, C. Y., Wood, A. G., Reutens, D. C., & Wilson, S. J. (2010). Congenital blindness leads to enhanced vibrotactile perception. Neuropsychologia, 48, 631-635. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19819246.
Yager, J., Hatton, C. A., & Ma, L. (1986). Anorexia nervosa in a woman totally blind since the age of two. British Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 506-509. Retirado de http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3814938