Reaparecimento de sequências com diferentes números de respostas em contextos de extinção e de variação
Palavras-chave:
Ressurgência, Probabilidade da sequência, Contexto de teste, Número de respostas por sequência, HumanosResumo
O reaparecimento de uma resposta previamente extinta quando os reforços para uma resposta alternativa são descontinuados é denominado ressurgência. Foram investigados os efeitos de três variáveis sobre o reaparecimento de sequências de respostas: probabilidade da sequência (alta e baixa), contexto de teste (extinção e variação operante) e número de respostas por sequência (três e cinco). Sequências muito prováveis reapareceram mais frequentemente que sequências pouco prováveis, o reaparecimento da sequência alvo foi mais frequente no contexto de extinção do que de variação e o reaparecimento da sequência alvo variou inversamente ao número de respostas por sequência. O reaparecimento da sequência alvo, entretanto, não foi conceitualizado como ressurgência, uma vez que sua frequência foi menor que a das sequências controle.
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Referências
Abreu-Rodrigues, J. (2005). Variabilidade comportamental. Em
J. Abreu-Rodrigues & M. R. Ribeiro (Orgs.), Análise do
comportamento: pesquisa, teoria e aplicação (pp. 189-210).
Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Abreu-Rodrigues, J., Hanna, E. S., de Mello Cruz, A. P., Matos,
R., & Delabrida, Z. (2004). Differential effects of midazolam
and pentylenetetrazole on behavioral repetition and variation.
Behavioural Pharmacology, 15, 535-543.
Alessandri, J., Lattal, K. A., & Cançado, C. R. X. (2015). The
recurrence of negatively reinforced responding of humans.
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 104, 211-222.
Bachá-Méndez, G., Reid, A. K., & Mendoza-Soylovna, A. (2007).
Resurgence of integrated behavioral units. Journal of the
Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 87, 5-24.
Bishop, M. R. (2008). Resurgence of operant variability. Tese de
Doutorado, University of Nevada, Reno.
Blough, P. M. (1975). Wavelength generalization and discrimination
in the pigeon. Perception & Psychophysics, 12, 342-348.
Bruzek, J. L., Thompson, R. H., & Peters, L. C. (2009). Resurgence
of infant caregiving responses. Journal of the Experimental
Analysis of Behavior, 92, 327-343.
Cançado, C. R. X., & Lattal, A. K. (2011). Resurgence of temporal
patterns of responding. Journal of the Experimental Analysis
of Behavior, 95, 271-287.
Catania, A. C. (2006). Aprendizagem: comportamento, linguagem
e cognição (D. G. Souza, Org. Trad.). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
(Trabalho original publicado em 1998).
Cleland, B. S., Foster, T. M., & Temple, W. (2000). Resurgence:
The role of extinction. Behavioural Processes, 52, 117-129.
Craig, A. R., & Shahan, T. A. (2016). Behavioral momentum
theory fails to account for the effects of reinforcement rate on
resurgence. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior,
105, 375-392.
da Silva, S. P., Maxwell, M. E., & Lattal, A. K. (2008). Concurrent
resurgence and behavioral history. Journal of the Experimental
Analysis of Behavior, 90, 313-331.
Doughty, A. H., da Silva, S. P., & Lattal, K. A. (2007). Differential
resurgence and response elimination. Behavioural Processes,
75, 115-128.
Epstein, R. (1985). Extinction-induced resurgence: Preliminary
investigations and possible applications. The Psychological
Record, 35, 143-153.
Jarmolowicz, D. P., & Lattal, K. A. (2014). Resurgence under
delayed reinforcement. Psychological Record, 64, 189-193.
Kincaid, S. L., Lattal, K. A. & Spence, J. (2015). Super-resurgence:
ABA renewal increases resurgence. Behavioural Processes,
115, 70-73.
Lieving, G. A., & Lattal, K. A. (2003). Recency, repeatability, and
reinforce retrenchment: An experimental analysis of resurgence.
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 80, 217-233.
Machado, A., & Rodrigues, P. (2007). The differentiation of
response numerosity in the pigeon. Journal of the Experimental
Analysis of Behavior, 88, 153-178.
Mechner, F. (1958). Probability relations within response sequences
under ratio reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis
of Behavior, 1, 109-122.
Neuringer, A. (1993). Reinforced variation and selection. Animal
Learning & Behavior, 21, 83-91.
Neuringer, A., Deiss, C., & Olson, G. (2000). Reinforced variability
and operant learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
Animal Behavior Processes, 26, 98-111.
Page, S., & Neuringer, A. (1985). Variability is an operant? Journal
of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior, 11, 429-452.
Podlesnik, C. A., & Shahan, T. A. (2010). Extinction, relapse, and
behavioral momentum. Behavioural Processes, 84, 400-411.
Reed, P., & Morgan, T. A. (2006). Resurgence of response sequences
during extinction in rats shows a primacy effect. Journal of the
Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 86, 307-315.
Reed, P., Schachtman, T. R., & Hall, G. (1991). Effect of signaled
reinforcement on the formation of behavioral units. Journal
of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 17,
475-485.
Sánchez-Carrasco, L. S., & Nieto, J. (2005). Resurgence of three
response sequences in rats. Revista Mexicana de Análisisde la
Conducta, 31, 215-226.
Schwartz, B. (1982). Reinforcement-induced behavioral stereotypy:
How not to teach people to discover rules. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: General, 111, 23-59.
Souza, A. S., & Abreu-Rodrigues, J. (2006). Discriminative
properties of vary and repeat contingencies. Behavioural
Processes, 85, 116-125.
Souza, A. S., Abreu-Rodrigues, J., & Baumann, A. A. (2010).
History effects on induced and operant variability. Learning
& Behavior, 38, 426-437.
Sweeney, M. M., & Shahan, T. A. (2013). Effects of high, low,
and thinning rates of alternative reinforcement on response
elimination and resurgence. Journal of the Experimental
Analysis of Behavior, 100, 1-15.
Sweeney, M. M., & Shahan, T. A. (2016). Resurgence of target
responding does not exceed increases in inactive responding in
a forced-choice alternative reinforcement procedure in humans.
Behavioural Processes, 124, 80-92.
Villas-Bôas, A. (2006). Efeitos do procedimento de extinção sobre
o responder em ratos: sequências de respostas como operante.
Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de São Paulo, São
Paulo.
Winterbauer, N. E., & Bouton, M. E. (2010). Mechanisms of
resurgence of an extinguished instrumental behavior. Journal
of Experimental Psychology, 36, 343-353.
Winterbauer, N. E., Lucke, S., & Bouton, M. E. (2013). Some factors
modulating the strength of resurgence after extinction of an
instrumental behavior. Learning and Motivation, 44, 60-71.
J. Abreu-Rodrigues & M. R. Ribeiro (Orgs.), Análise do
comportamento: pesquisa, teoria e aplicação (pp. 189-210).
Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Abreu-Rodrigues, J., Hanna, E. S., de Mello Cruz, A. P., Matos,
R., & Delabrida, Z. (2004). Differential effects of midazolam
and pentylenetetrazole on behavioral repetition and variation.
Behavioural Pharmacology, 15, 535-543.
Alessandri, J., Lattal, K. A., & Cançado, C. R. X. (2015). The
recurrence of negatively reinforced responding of humans.
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 104, 211-222.
Bachá-Méndez, G., Reid, A. K., & Mendoza-Soylovna, A. (2007).
Resurgence of integrated behavioral units. Journal of the
Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 87, 5-24.
Bishop, M. R. (2008). Resurgence of operant variability. Tese de
Doutorado, University of Nevada, Reno.
Blough, P. M. (1975). Wavelength generalization and discrimination
in the pigeon. Perception & Psychophysics, 12, 342-348.
Bruzek, J. L., Thompson, R. H., & Peters, L. C. (2009). Resurgence
of infant caregiving responses. Journal of the Experimental
Analysis of Behavior, 92, 327-343.
Cançado, C. R. X., & Lattal, A. K. (2011). Resurgence of temporal
patterns of responding. Journal of the Experimental Analysis
of Behavior, 95, 271-287.
Catania, A. C. (2006). Aprendizagem: comportamento, linguagem
e cognição (D. G. Souza, Org. Trad.). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
(Trabalho original publicado em 1998).
Cleland, B. S., Foster, T. M., & Temple, W. (2000). Resurgence:
The role of extinction. Behavioural Processes, 52, 117-129.
Craig, A. R., & Shahan, T. A. (2016). Behavioral momentum
theory fails to account for the effects of reinforcement rate on
resurgence. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior,
105, 375-392.
da Silva, S. P., Maxwell, M. E., & Lattal, A. K. (2008). Concurrent
resurgence and behavioral history. Journal of the Experimental
Analysis of Behavior, 90, 313-331.
Doughty, A. H., da Silva, S. P., & Lattal, K. A. (2007). Differential
resurgence and response elimination. Behavioural Processes,
75, 115-128.
Epstein, R. (1985). Extinction-induced resurgence: Preliminary
investigations and possible applications. The Psychological
Record, 35, 143-153.
Jarmolowicz, D. P., & Lattal, K. A. (2014). Resurgence under
delayed reinforcement. Psychological Record, 64, 189-193.
Kincaid, S. L., Lattal, K. A. & Spence, J. (2015). Super-resurgence:
ABA renewal increases resurgence. Behavioural Processes,
115, 70-73.
Lieving, G. A., & Lattal, K. A. (2003). Recency, repeatability, and
reinforce retrenchment: An experimental analysis of resurgence.
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 80, 217-233.
Machado, A., & Rodrigues, P. (2007). The differentiation of
response numerosity in the pigeon. Journal of the Experimental
Analysis of Behavior, 88, 153-178.
Mechner, F. (1958). Probability relations within response sequences
under ratio reinforcement. Journal of the Experimental Analysis
of Behavior, 1, 109-122.
Neuringer, A. (1993). Reinforced variation and selection. Animal
Learning & Behavior, 21, 83-91.
Neuringer, A., Deiss, C., & Olson, G. (2000). Reinforced variability
and operant learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology:
Animal Behavior Processes, 26, 98-111.
Page, S., & Neuringer, A. (1985). Variability is an operant? Journal
of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior, 11, 429-452.
Podlesnik, C. A., & Shahan, T. A. (2010). Extinction, relapse, and
behavioral momentum. Behavioural Processes, 84, 400-411.
Reed, P., & Morgan, T. A. (2006). Resurgence of response sequences
during extinction in rats shows a primacy effect. Journal of the
Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 86, 307-315.
Reed, P., Schachtman, T. R., & Hall, G. (1991). Effect of signaled
reinforcement on the formation of behavioral units. Journal
of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 17,
475-485.
Sánchez-Carrasco, L. S., & Nieto, J. (2005). Resurgence of three
response sequences in rats. Revista Mexicana de Análisisde la
Conducta, 31, 215-226.
Schwartz, B. (1982). Reinforcement-induced behavioral stereotypy:
How not to teach people to discover rules. Journal of
Experimental Psychology: General, 111, 23-59.
Souza, A. S., & Abreu-Rodrigues, J. (2006). Discriminative
properties of vary and repeat contingencies. Behavioural
Processes, 85, 116-125.
Souza, A. S., Abreu-Rodrigues, J., & Baumann, A. A. (2010).
History effects on induced and operant variability. Learning
& Behavior, 38, 426-437.
Sweeney, M. M., & Shahan, T. A. (2013). Effects of high, low,
and thinning rates of alternative reinforcement on response
elimination and resurgence. Journal of the Experimental
Analysis of Behavior, 100, 1-15.
Sweeney, M. M., & Shahan, T. A. (2016). Resurgence of target
responding does not exceed increases in inactive responding in
a forced-choice alternative reinforcement procedure in humans.
Behavioural Processes, 124, 80-92.
Villas-Bôas, A. (2006). Efeitos do procedimento de extinção sobre
o responder em ratos: sequências de respostas como operante.
Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de São Paulo, São
Paulo.
Winterbauer, N. E., & Bouton, M. E. (2010). Mechanisms of
resurgence of an extinguished instrumental behavior. Journal
of Experimental Psychology, 36, 343-353.
Winterbauer, N. E., Lucke, S., & Bouton, M. E. (2013). Some factors
modulating the strength of resurgence after extinction of an
instrumental behavior. Learning and Motivation, 44, 60-71.
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Publicado
2018-11-20
Como Citar
Abreu-Rodrigues, J. (2018). Reaparecimento de sequências com diferentes números de respostas em contextos de extinção e de variação. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 32(5). Recuperado de https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/19400
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