AIDS, Psicologia e Religião:
O Estado da Questão na Literatura Psicológica
Palavras-chave:
AIDS, Enfrentamento, Psiconeuroimunologia, Religião, StressResumo
Estudaram-se algumas relações entre saúde e religião, por meio de levantamento crítico da literatura psicológica recente. Considerou-se a saúde, e seu correlato a doença, particularmente enquanto dependente do sistema imunológico; entendeu-se a religião como forma de enfrentamento. Foram examinadas tanto a literatura teórica quanto as pesquisas empíricas disponíveis, com destaque da pesquisa específica de Jenkins (1995) sobre religião e a síndrome da imuno-deficiência adquirida (AIDS). Os estudos examinados ensejaram algumas sugestões relativas ao enfrentamento religioso, pessoal e eventualmente institucional, no caso da referida síndrome.
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Referências
Amundsen, D.W. (1987). Medicine and religion in western traditions.
Em M. Eliade (Org.), The encyclopedia of religion, 9,
319-324. New York: Macmillan.
Argyle, M. (1993). The social psychology of everyday life. London:
Routledge.
Argyle, M. & Beit-Hallahmi, B. (1975). The social psychology of
religion. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Arruda, R. (1998). Apesar de informados, jovens não usam camisinha.
O Estado de S. Paulo, 27/11/1998, A-14.
Bulman, R.J. & Wortman, C.B. (1977). Attributions of blame and
coping in the "real world": Severe accident victims react to
their lot. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 353-
363.
Cohen, S. & Herbert, T.B. (1996). Health psychology: Psychological
factor and physical disease from the perspective of Human
Psychoneuroimmunology. Annual Review of Psychology, 47,
113-142.
Demi, A., Moneyham, L., Sowell, R. & Cohen, L. (1997). Coping
strategies used by HIV infected women. Omega: Journal of
Death and Dying, 35, 377-391.
Dull, V.T. & Skokan, L.A. (1995). A cognitive model of religion's
influence on health. Journal of Social Issues, 51, 49-64.
Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New
York: Wiley.
James, W. (1936). The varieties of religious experience. New York:
The Modern Library. (Originalmente publicado em 1902)
ISER/Instituto de Estudos da Religião (1991). Odô Yá!. Projeto
ARCA, Apoio religioso contra a AIDS: Rio de Janeiro.
Jenkins, R.A. (1995). Religion and HIV: Implications for research
and intervention. Journal of Social Issues, 51, 131-144.
Kopplin, D. (1976). Religious orientation of college students and
related personality characteristics. Comunicação apresentada
na American Psychological Association. Washington, D.C.
Lans, J. (1977). Religious experience. An argument for a multidisciplinary
approach. The Annual Review of the Social Sciences of
Religion, 1, 133-143.
Lazarus, R.S. & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping.
New York: Springer.
Levenson, H. (1973). Multidimensional locus of control in psychiatric
patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
41, 397-404.
Levin, J.S. & Schiller, P.L. (1987). Is there a religious factor in
health? Journal of Religion and Health, 26, 936.
Maton, K.I. (1989). The stress-buffering role of spiritual support:
Cross-sectional and prospective investigations. Journal for the
Scientific Study of Religion, 28, 310-323.
Mcintosh, D. & Spilka, B. (1990). Religion and physical health.
The role of personal faith and control beliefs. Research in the
Social Scientific Study of Religion, 2, 167-194. Greenwich, C.T.
London: JAI Press.
Paiva, G.J. (1990). Seicho-no-iê. Em L.Landim (Org.), Sinais dos
tempos. Diversidade religiosa no Brasil, pp. 181-186. Rio de
Janeiro: ISER/Instituto de Estudos da Religião.
Paiva, G.J. (1995). Religião e culpa. Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia,
47, 75-80.
Pargament, K.I. (1990). God help me: Toward a theoretical framework
of coping for the psychology of religion. Research in the
Social Scientific Study of Religion, 2, 195-224. Greenwich, CT/
London: JAI Press.
Pargament, K.I. (1996). Religious methods of coping: Resources
for the conservation and transformation of significance. Em
E.P. Shafranske (Org.), Religion and the clinical practice of
psychology (pp. 215-239). Washington, DC: ÐÐ Ð Books.
Pargament, K.I. (1997). The Psychology of religion and coping.
Theory research, practice. New York: The Guilford Press.
Pargament, K.I, Ensing, D.S., Falgout, K., Olsen, H., Reilly, Ð’.,
Van Haitsma, K. & Warren R. (1990). God help me: (I) Religious
coping efforts as predictors of the outcomes to significant
negative life events. American Journal of Community Psychology,
18, 793-824.
Pargament, K.I. & Hahn J. (1986). God and the just world: Causal
and coping attributions to God in health situations. Journal for
the Scientific Study of Religion, 25, 193-207.
Pargament, K.I., Ishler, K., Dubow, E., Stanik, P., Rouiller, R.,
Crowe, P., Cullman, E., Albert, M. & Royster, B.J. (1994).
Methods of religious coping with the Gulf War: Cross-sectional
and longitudinal analyses. Journal for the Scientific Study of
Religion, 33, 347-361
Pargament, K.I., Kennell, J., Hathaway, W., Grevengoed, N.,
Newman, J. & Jones, W. (1988). Religion and the problemsolving
process: Three styles of coping. Journal for the Scientific
Study of Religion, 27, 90-104.
Pargament, K.I, Olsen, H., Reilly, Ð’., Falgout, K., Ensing, D.S. &
Van Haitsma, K. (1992). God help me (II): The relationship of
religious orientations to religious coping with negative life
events. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 31, 504-
513.
Pargament, K.I. & Park, C.L. (1995). Merely a defense? The variety
of religious means and ends. Journal of Social Issues, 51,
13-32.
Ross, L.D. (1977). The intuitive psychologist and his shortcomings:
Distortions in the attribution process. Em L. Berkowitz
(Org.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 174-
220). New York: Academic Press.
Rotter, J.B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus
external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs,
80(\), 1-28.
Rothbaum, F, Weisz, J. & Snyder, S.S. (1982). Changing the world
and changing the self. A two-process model of perceived control.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 5-37.
Spilka, Ð’., Shaver, P. & Kirckpatrick, L.A. (1985). A General attribution
theory for the psychology of religion. Journal for the
Scientific Study of Psychology, 24, 1-20.
Spilka, Ð’., Hood, Jr. R. & Gorsuch R. (1985). The psychology of
religion: An empirical approach. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice
Hall.
Sullivan, L.E. (1987). Diseases and cures. Em M. Eliade (Org.),
The encyclopedia of religion, 4,366-371. New York: Macmillan.
Tamayo, A. (1989). Validade fatorial da escala Levenson de locus
de controle. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 5, 111-122.
Weisz, J.R., Rothbaum, F. & Blackburn, T.C. (1984). Standing out
and standing in: The psychology of control in America and
Japan. American Psychologist, 39, 955-969.
Welton, G.L., Adkins, A.G., Ingle, S.L. & Dixon, W.A. (1996).
God control: The fourth dimension. Journal of Psychology and
Theology, 24, 13-25.
Zusne, J. & Jones, W.H. (1989). Anomalistic psychology. A study
of magical thinking. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2nd ed.
Em M. Eliade (Org.), The encyclopedia of religion, 9,
319-324. New York: Macmillan.
Argyle, M. (1993). The social psychology of everyday life. London:
Routledge.
Argyle, M. & Beit-Hallahmi, B. (1975). The social psychology of
religion. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Arruda, R. (1998). Apesar de informados, jovens não usam camisinha.
O Estado de S. Paulo, 27/11/1998, A-14.
Bulman, R.J. & Wortman, C.B. (1977). Attributions of blame and
coping in the "real world": Severe accident victims react to
their lot. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 353-
363.
Cohen, S. & Herbert, T.B. (1996). Health psychology: Psychological
factor and physical disease from the perspective of Human
Psychoneuroimmunology. Annual Review of Psychology, 47,
113-142.
Demi, A., Moneyham, L., Sowell, R. & Cohen, L. (1997). Coping
strategies used by HIV infected women. Omega: Journal of
Death and Dying, 35, 377-391.
Dull, V.T. & Skokan, L.A. (1995). A cognitive model of religion's
influence on health. Journal of Social Issues, 51, 49-64.
Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New
York: Wiley.
James, W. (1936). The varieties of religious experience. New York:
The Modern Library. (Originalmente publicado em 1902)
ISER/Instituto de Estudos da Religião (1991). Odô Yá!. Projeto
ARCA, Apoio religioso contra a AIDS: Rio de Janeiro.
Jenkins, R.A. (1995). Religion and HIV: Implications for research
and intervention. Journal of Social Issues, 51, 131-144.
Kopplin, D. (1976). Religious orientation of college students and
related personality characteristics. Comunicação apresentada
na American Psychological Association. Washington, D.C.
Lans, J. (1977). Religious experience. An argument for a multidisciplinary
approach. The Annual Review of the Social Sciences of
Religion, 1, 133-143.
Lazarus, R.S. & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping.
New York: Springer.
Levenson, H. (1973). Multidimensional locus of control in psychiatric
patients. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
41, 397-404.
Levin, J.S. & Schiller, P.L. (1987). Is there a religious factor in
health? Journal of Religion and Health, 26, 936.
Maton, K.I. (1989). The stress-buffering role of spiritual support:
Cross-sectional and prospective investigations. Journal for the
Scientific Study of Religion, 28, 310-323.
Mcintosh, D. & Spilka, B. (1990). Religion and physical health.
The role of personal faith and control beliefs. Research in the
Social Scientific Study of Religion, 2, 167-194. Greenwich, C.T.
London: JAI Press.
Paiva, G.J. (1990). Seicho-no-iê. Em L.Landim (Org.), Sinais dos
tempos. Diversidade religiosa no Brasil, pp. 181-186. Rio de
Janeiro: ISER/Instituto de Estudos da Religião.
Paiva, G.J. (1995). Religião e culpa. Arquivos Brasileiros de Psicologia,
47, 75-80.
Pargament, K.I. (1990). God help me: Toward a theoretical framework
of coping for the psychology of religion. Research in the
Social Scientific Study of Religion, 2, 195-224. Greenwich, CT/
London: JAI Press.
Pargament, K.I. (1996). Religious methods of coping: Resources
for the conservation and transformation of significance. Em
E.P. Shafranske (Org.), Religion and the clinical practice of
psychology (pp. 215-239). Washington, DC: ÐÐ Ð Books.
Pargament, K.I. (1997). The Psychology of religion and coping.
Theory research, practice. New York: The Guilford Press.
Pargament, K.I, Ensing, D.S., Falgout, K., Olsen, H., Reilly, Ð’.,
Van Haitsma, K. & Warren R. (1990). God help me: (I) Religious
coping efforts as predictors of the outcomes to significant
negative life events. American Journal of Community Psychology,
18, 793-824.
Pargament, K.I. & Hahn J. (1986). God and the just world: Causal
and coping attributions to God in health situations. Journal for
the Scientific Study of Religion, 25, 193-207.
Pargament, K.I., Ishler, K., Dubow, E., Stanik, P., Rouiller, R.,
Crowe, P., Cullman, E., Albert, M. & Royster, B.J. (1994).
Methods of religious coping with the Gulf War: Cross-sectional
and longitudinal analyses. Journal for the Scientific Study of
Religion, 33, 347-361
Pargament, K.I., Kennell, J., Hathaway, W., Grevengoed, N.,
Newman, J. & Jones, W. (1988). Religion and the problemsolving
process: Three styles of coping. Journal for the Scientific
Study of Religion, 27, 90-104.
Pargament, K.I, Olsen, H., Reilly, Ð’., Falgout, K., Ensing, D.S. &
Van Haitsma, K. (1992). God help me (II): The relationship of
religious orientations to religious coping with negative life
events. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 31, 504-
513.
Pargament, K.I. & Park, C.L. (1995). Merely a defense? The variety
of religious means and ends. Journal of Social Issues, 51,
13-32.
Ross, L.D. (1977). The intuitive psychologist and his shortcomings:
Distortions in the attribution process. Em L. Berkowitz
(Org.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 174-
220). New York: Academic Press.
Rotter, J.B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus
external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs,
80(\), 1-28.
Rothbaum, F, Weisz, J. & Snyder, S.S. (1982). Changing the world
and changing the self. A two-process model of perceived control.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 5-37.
Spilka, Ð’., Shaver, P. & Kirckpatrick, L.A. (1985). A General attribution
theory for the psychology of religion. Journal for the
Scientific Study of Psychology, 24, 1-20.
Spilka, Ð’., Hood, Jr. R. & Gorsuch R. (1985). The psychology of
religion: An empirical approach. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice
Hall.
Sullivan, L.E. (1987). Diseases and cures. Em M. Eliade (Org.),
The encyclopedia of religion, 4,366-371. New York: Macmillan.
Tamayo, A. (1989). Validade fatorial da escala Levenson de locus
de controle. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 5, 111-122.
Weisz, J.R., Rothbaum, F. & Blackburn, T.C. (1984). Standing out
and standing in: The psychology of control in America and
Japan. American Psychologist, 39, 955-969.
Welton, G.L., Adkins, A.G., Ingle, S.L. & Dixon, W.A. (1996).
God control: The fourth dimension. Journal of Psychology and
Theology, 24, 13-25.
Zusne, J. & Jones, W.H. (1989). Anomalistic psychology. A study
of magical thinking. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2nd ed.
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Publicado
2012-09-17
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de Paiva, G. J. (2012). AIDS, Psicologia e Religião:: O Estado da Questão na Literatura Psicológica. Psicologia: Teoria E Pesquisa, 14(1), 027–034. Recuperado de https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/revistaptp/article/view/17305
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