Métodos de diagnóstico do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) : Uma Análise do Processo e a Correlação em Engenharia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26512/ripe.v4i1.13446Keywords:
Autism Spectrum Disorder. Diagnosis. Early Treatment.Abstract
Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a disorder of early childhood development (first 5 years) in communication and socialization, as well as the stereotyped, restricted, and verbalized interests and behaviors of an individual. Symptoms such as hyperactivity, cognitive "deficit", affliction and aggression can also be considered as characteristics of the disorder. Regardless of whether the diagnostic hypothesis is confirmed in the future, early intervention in this period of the child's life is of extreme importance, because with this extemporaneous intervention, this child may have a good suitability of the subject with the world, so he will be more likely to have a good social progress. However the difficulty of detecting this syndrome is notorious. In addition, clinical treatment should focus on reducing symptoms that are inadequate for their better socialization and also on the growth of functional behavior for their progress. The TEA presents generalized symptoms that can be easily confused with other distinct situations, therefore, an intense clinical study of the present behaviors is necessary. This article aims to present some difficulties encountered in the diagnosis and to analyze the presumed consequences that an identification made in an inadvisable period, can cause. For this, a bibliographic research was carried out analyzing some methods of diagnosis. Studies indicate that there is as yet no cure therapy for autism, however, there are psychological, educational and behavioral techniques that present benefits when started early. In this article it will be possible to identify that the best form of intervention occurs before the child's 18 months of life.
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BARON-COHEN, S.; ALLEN, J.; GILLBERG, C. Can autism be detected at 18 months? The needle, the haystack, and the CHAT. British Journal of Psychiatry, v. 161, n. DEC., p. 839”“843, 1992.
BERUMENT, S. K. et al. Autism screening questionnaire: Diagnostic validity. British Journal of Psychiatry, v. 175, n. NOV., p. 444”“451, 1999.
CHAKRABARTI, S.; FOMBONNE, E. Pervasive Developmental Disorders in Preschool Children: Confirmation of Righ Prevalence. Am J Psychiatric, v. 162, n. 6, p. 1133”“1141, 2005.
CHARMAN, T.; BAIRD, G. Practitioner review: diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in 2 and 3-year-old children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, v. 43(3), p. 289”“305, 2002.
CHRISTENSEN, D. L. et al. Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2012. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries, v. 65, n. 3, p. 1”“23, 2016.
FOMBONNE, E. Thimerosal disappears but autism remains. Archives of general psychiatry, v. 65, n. 1, p. 15”“16, 2008.
FUENTES, D. et al. Neuropsicologia Teoria e Prática. 2a edição ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2013.
GARCIA, A. H. C. et al. Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo: Avaliação e Comorbidades em Alunos de Barueri, São Paulo. Psicologia - Teoria e Prática, v. 18, n. 1, p. 166”“177, 2016.
JANZEN J. Understanding the Nature of Autism: A Practical Guide. San Antonio, Texas: Therapy Skill Builders, 1996.
KANNER, L. Distúrbios Autísticos do Contato Afetivo. Disponível em:<http://www.profala.com/artautismo11.htm>. Acesso em: 23 set. 2017.
KHOURY, L. P. et al. Manejo comportamental de crianças com Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo em condição de inclusão escolar : guia de orientação a professores [livro eletrônico]. [s.l: s.n.].
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KRUG, D. A.; ARICK, J.; ALMOND, P. BEHAVIOR CHECKLIST FOR IDENTIFYING SEVERELY HANDICAPPED INDIVIDUALS WITH HIGH LEVELS OF AUTISTIC BEHAVIOR. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, v. 21, n. 3, p. 221”“229, 1980.
LAMPREIA, C. Avaliações quantitativa e qualitativa de um menino autista: uma análise crítica. Psicologia em Estudo, v. 8, n. 1, p. 57”“65, 2003.
LE COUTEUR, A.; LORD, C.; RUTTER, M. Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised: a r. Journal Autism Developmental Disorders., v. 24, n. 5, p. 659”“85, 1994.
LOSAPIO, M. F.; PONDÉ, M. P. Tradução para o português da escala M-CHAT para rastreamento precoce de autismo. Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul, v. 30, n. 3, p. 221”“229, 2008.
LOTTER, V. Epidemiology of autistic conditions in young children - 1. Prevalence. Social Psychiatry, v. 1, n. 3, p. 124”“135, 1966.
MARTINS, C. Face a face com o autismo: será a inclusao um mito ou uma realidade? p. 1”“255, 2012.
MESQUITA, W. S.; PEGORARO, R. F. Diagnóstico e tratamento do transtorno autístico em publicações brasileiras: revisão de literatura Diagnosis and treatment of autistic disorder in brazilian publications: a literature review. J Health Sci Inst, v. 31, n. 3, p. 324”“9, 2013.
PENNINGTON, B. F. Diagnostico de tratamento de distúrbios de aprendizagem. In: CENGAGE LEARNING. [s.l: s.n.]. p. 234p.
PENSI, I. DIAGNÓSTICO do Autismo. Disponível em: Disponível em: <http://autismoerealidade.org/informese/sobre-o-au>. Acesso em: 23 set. 2017.
ROBINS, D. L. et al. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers: An Initial Study Investigating the Early Detection of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 31, n. 2, p. 131”“144, 2001.
RODRIGUES FLORES PSICÓLOGA, M. et al. BeBês com risco de autismo: o não-olhar do médico *. ágora, p. 141”“157, 2013.
SACCO, R. et al. Clinical, morphological, and biochemical correlates of head circumference in autism. Biol Psychiatry, v. 62 (9), p. 1038”“47, 2007.
SCHOPLER, E. et al. Toward objective classification of childhood autism: Childhood Aut Rating Scale (CARS). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 10, n. 1, p. 91”“103, 1980.
SILVA, A. B. B. Mundo Singular - Entenda o Autismo. [s.l: s.n.].
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Diagnostic criteria for research. The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Diagnostic criteria for research, p. xiii+248p, 1993.
BALLABRIGA, M.; ESCUDÉ, R.; LLABERIA, E. Escala d’avaluació dels trests autistes (A.T.A.): validez y fiabilidad de una escala para el examen de las conductas autistas. Rev Psiquiatria Infanto-Juvenil, v. 4, p. 254”“263, 1994.
BARON-COHEN, S.; ALLEN, J.; GILLBERG, C. Can autism be detected at 18 months? The needle, the haystack, and the CHAT. British Journal of Psychiatry, v. 161, n. DEC., p. 839”“843, 1992.
BERUMENT, S. K. et al. Autism screening questionnaire: Diagnostic validity. British Journal of Psychiatry, v. 175, n. NOV., p. 444”“451, 1999.
CHAKRABARTI, S.; FOMBONNE, E. Pervasive Developmental Disorders in Preschool Children: Confirmation of Righ Prevalence. Am J Psychiatric, v. 162, n. 6, p. 1133”“1141, 2005.
CHARMAN, T.; BAIRD, G. Practitioner review: diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in 2 and 3-year-old children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, v. 43(3), p. 289”“305, 2002.
CHRISTENSEN, D. L. et al. Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2012. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries, v. 65, n. 3, p. 1”“23, 2016.
FOMBONNE, E. Thimerosal disappears but autism remains. Archives of general psychiatry, v. 65, n. 1, p. 15”“16, 2008.
FUENTES, D. et al. Neuropsicologia Teoria e Prática. 2a edição ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2013.
GARCIA, A. H. C. et al. Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo: Avaliação e Comorbidades em Alunos de Barueri, São Paulo. Psicologia - Teoria e Prática, v. 18, n. 1, p. 166”“177, 2016.
JANZEN J. Understanding the Nature of Autism: A Practical Guide. San Antonio, Texas: Therapy Skill Builders, 1996.
KANNER, L. Distúrbios Autísticos do Contato Afetivo. Disponível em: <http://www.profala.com/artautismo11.htm>. Acesso em: 23 set. 2017.
KHOURY, L. P. et al. Manejo comportamental de crianças com Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo em condição de inclusão escolar : guia de orientação a professores [livro eletrônico]. [s.l: s.n.].
KLIN, A. Autismo e síndrome de Asperger: Uma visão geral. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, v. 28, n. SUPPL. 1, p. 3”“11, 2006.
KRUG, D. A.; ARICK, J.; ALMOND, P. BEHAVIOR CHECKLIST FOR IDENTIFYING SEVERELY HANDICAPPED INDIVIDUALS WITH HIGH LEVELS OF AUTISTIC BEHAVIOR. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, v. 21, n. 3, p. 221”“229, 1980.
LAMPREIA, C. Avaliações quantitativa e qualitativa de um menino autista: uma análise crítica. Psicologia em Estudo, v. 8, n. 1, p. 57”“65, 2003.
LE COUTEUR, A.; LORD, C.; RUTTER, M. Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised: a r. Journal Autism Developmental Disorders., v. 24, n. 5, p. 659”“85, 1994.
LOSAPIO, M. F.; PONDÉ, M. P. Tradução para o português da escala M-CHAT para rastreamento precoce de autismo. Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul, v. 30, n. 3, p. 221”“229, 2008.
LOTTER, V. Epidemiology of autistic conditions in young children - 1. Prevalence. Social Psychiatry, v. 1, n. 3, p. 124”“135, 1966.
MARTINS, C. Face a face com o autismo: será a inclusao um mito ou uma realidade? p. 1”“255, 2012.
MESQUITA, W. S.; PEGORARO, R. F. Diagnóstico e tratamento do transtorno autístico em publicações brasileiras: revisão de literatura Diagnosis and treatment of autistic disorder in brazilian publications: a literature review. J Health Sci Inst, v. 31, n. 3, p. 324”“9, 2013.
PENNINGTON, B. F. Diagnostico de tratamento de distúrbios de aprendizagem. In: CENGAGE LEARNING. [s.l: s.n.]. p. 234p.
PENSI, I. DIAGNÓSTICO do Autismo. Disponível em: Disponível em: <http://autismoerealidade.org/informe-se/sobre-o-au>. Acesso em: 23 set. 2017.
ROBINS, D. L. et al. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers: An Initial Study Investigating the Early Detection of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 31, n. 2, p. 131”“144, 2001.
RODRIGUES FLORES PSICÓLOGA, M. et al. BeBês com risco de autismo: o não-olhar do médico *. ágora, p. 141”“157, 2013.
SACCO, R. et al. Clinical, morphological, and biochemical correlates of head circumference in autism. Biol Psychiatry, v. 62 (9), p. 1038”“47, 2007.
SCHOPLER, E. et al. Toward objective classification of childhood autism: Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 10, n. 1, p. 91”“103, 1980.
SILVA, A. B. B. Mundo Singular - Entenda o Autismo. [s.l: s.n.].
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Diagnostic criteria for research. The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: Diagnostic criteria for research, p. xiii+248p, 1993.
Protocolo de psicologia do transtorno Autista-F84.0 . Disponível em: https://www.unimed.coop.br/documents/1004611/1508650/tab-f84.0-autismo-infantil.pdf. Acessado em 25 de set de 2017.
Quadro 01 https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2014/p0327-autism-spectrum-disorder.html verificado em 02 de 0ut 2017.
Quadro 02 Protocolo de psicologia do transtorno Autista-F84.0 . Acessado em 25 de set de 2017. Disponível em: https://www.unimed.coop.br/documents/1004611/1508650/tab-f84.0-autismo-infantil.pdf.
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