THE CENTRALITY OF FIRE IN THE COSMOGONY OF THE PYTHAGOREAN PHILOLAUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26512/pl.v11i22.41781Keywords:
Ancient philosophy. Philolaus. Cosmogony. Central Fire. Hestia.Abstract
Philolaus of Croton is historically situated in the archaic period of philosophy, however, unlike other philosophers of this period, the Pythagorean always appears in a superficial way in works of archaic philosophy introduction. This peripherical role of Philolaus in the tradition is incongruent, since he is a philosopher that permeates Platonic and Aristotelian works, being cited explicitly in the Phaedo. Plato himself was accused of having plagiarized the philolaic system in the Timaeus. Philolaus had an extremely sophisticated philosophical system for his era, in which the metaphysic is based on dissimilarity and harmony and an epistemology based on number. Nevertheless, this paper is not limited to thinking only about the more “scientific” aspects of Philolaus, but also aims to understand the context in which he lived and how the practice of rites and myths influenced his philosophical work.
This paper will be dedicated more specifically to the comprehension of the fragment 44 DK B7, which the center of Philolaus’ cosmos is said to be called Hestia or hearth. Hestia was known as the virgin goddess of the home; the hearth is her symbol. It was verified the references to the goddess in the literature, rites dedicated to her symbol in private and public spaces, such as the megaron, and their possible correspondences to the philolaic system based on an hermeneutical reading.
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