US communication policy after convergence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v1i1.21735Palabras clave:
política de comunicações, Estados Unidos, pós-convergência, direito de publicar, direito de intercâmbio privado, direito de conceber plataformas de comunicaçãoResumen
Communication systems are now converging, but communication policy has evolved to treat different media with different doctrines. Most solutions for a post-convergence communication policy are adjustments to inherited regulatory categories. Instead, this article revisits the underlying goals of policymaking across all media. First, this article presents a conceptual model for the communication policy process as one of inertia punctuated by crisis. Second, it applies this model to a very brief history of policy in the US, considering print, post, telephony, broadcasting, and the Internet. Third, from this analysis it suggests useful approaches in a converged environment, distinguishing three underlying goals for policy: the right to publish, the right to private exchange, and the right to design communication platforms.
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BENIGER, J.R. (1986) The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of the Information Society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
BENIGER, J.R. (1987) ‘Personalization of Mass Media and the Growth of Pseudo-community’, Communication Research 14(3): 352”“71.
CABINET COMMITTEE ON CABLE COMMUNICATIONS (1974) Cable ”“ Report to the President (‘The Whitehead Report’). Washington, DC: GPO.
CHANDLER, A.D. (1977) The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
ESBIN, B. (1998) Internet Over Cable: Defining the Future in Terms of the Past, OPP Working Paper Series 30. Washington, DC: Federal Communications Commission.
FCC (1969a) ‘Memorandum of Opinion and Order’, Docket 18397, 23 FCC 2d 825. Washington, DC: FCC.
FCC (1969b) ‘First Report and Order’, Docket 18397, 23 FCC 2d 825. Washington, DC: FCC.
FISCHER, C. (1987) ‘“Touch Someone”: The Telephone Industry Discovers Sociability’, Technology and Culture 29(1): 32”“61.
HILL, R.S. and G.B.N. Hill (1880) The Life of Sir Rowland Hill and the History of Penny Postage. London: T. De La Rue and Co.
HORWITZ, R.B. (1989) The Irony of Regulatory Reform: The Deregulation of American Telecommunications. New York: Oxford University Press.
INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE TASK FORCE (1994) Administration White Paper on Communications Act Reforms. Washington, DC: Department of Commerce.
LESSIG, L. (1999) Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace. New York: Basic Books.
LUBRANO, A. (1997) The Telegraph: How Technology Innovation Caused Social Change. New York: Garland.
MCCHESNEY, R. (1993) Telecommunications, Mass Media, and Democracy: The Battle for the Control of US Broadcasting, 1928”“1935. New York: Oxford University Press.
MELODY, W.H. (1996) ‘Toward a Framework for Designing Information Society Policies’, Telecommunications Policy 20(4): 243”“59.
MUELLER, M. (1997) Universal Service: Competition, Interconnection, and Monopoly in the Making of the American Telephone System. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
NEUMAN,W.R., L.W. McKnight and R.J. Solomon (1997) The Gordian Knot: Political Gridlock on the Information Highway. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
POOL, I. de Sola (1983) Technologies of Freedom. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
POSTMASTER-GENERAL (1890) An Argument in Support of the Limited Post and Telegraph by the Postmaster-General Together with Certain Appendices Relating to Postal Telegraphy. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
SAWHNEY, H. (1994) ‘Universal Service: Prosaic Motives and Great Ideals’, Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media 38(4): 375”“95.
SMULYAN, S. (1994) Selling Radio: The Commercialization of American Broadcasting, 1920”“1934. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
STREETER, T. (1996) Selling the Air: A Critique of the Policy of Commercial Broadcasting. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE (1938) A Brief History of the United States Postal Service. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
VAN CUILENBURG, J. and P. Verhoest (1998) ‘Free and Equal Access: In Search of Policy Models for Converging Communication Systems’, Telecommunications Policy 22(3): 171”“81.
VIETOR, R.H.K. (1994) Contrived Competition: Regulation and Deregulation in America. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
VOGEL, S.K. (1996) Freer Markets, More Rules: Regulatory Reform in Advanced Industrial Countries. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
WILLIAMS, R. (1966) Communications. London: Chatto and Windus.
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Publicado
2009-05-11
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BAR, François; SANDVIG, Christian. US communication policy after convergence. Law, State and Telecommunications Review, [S. l.], v. 1, n. 1, p. 77–109, 2009. DOI: 10.26512/lstr.v1i1.21735. Disponível em: https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/RDET/article/view/21735. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2024.
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Al enviar este documento a la Revista de Derecho, Estado y Telecomunicaciones,
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