The Iranian nuclear program and the non-proliferation regime: dilemmas for the future
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20889/M47e21007Keywords:
Non-profiliferation, Iran, NUclear Issue, Non-proliferation regime, United StatesAbstract
The Iranian nuclear program has been a source of apprehension and concern for some time. There are suspicions that Iran aims to use nuclear energy for military purposes, becoming an illegitimate nuclear power. Decades of sanctions and attempts of negotiation have not had satisfactory results. This paper aims to analyze the actual framework of the Iranian nuclear issue and argues that it reflects the controversies and difficulties of the nuclear nonproliferation regime.
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Bahgat, Gawdat. “Nuclear Proliferation: The Islamic Republic of Iran.” International Studies Perspectives 7 (2006).
Bowen, Wyn Q., e Joanna Kidd. “The Iranian Nuclear Challenge.” International Affairs 80, nº 2 (2004).
Burr, Willian. “A brief history of U.S.-Iranian nuclear negotiations.” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, jan./feb. 2009.
Carasales, Julio C. El desarme de los desarmados: Argentina y el Tratado de No Proliferación de Armas Nucleares. Buenos Aires: Pleamar, 1987.
Cirincione, Joseph. Bomb scare: The history & future of nuclear weapons. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007.
Cohen, Eliot, Eric Edelman, e Ray. Takeyh. “Time to get tough on Tehran: Iran policy after the deal. .” Foreign Affairs, Jan./Feb de 2016.
Duarte, Sergio de Queiroz. Desarmamento e temas correlatos. Brasília: FUNAG, 2014.
Exame. Acordo nuclear não é perfeito, mas é melhor do que nada, diz Merkel. 18 de maio de 2018. https://exame.abril.com.br/mundo/acordo-nuclear-nao-e-perfeito-mas-e-melhor-do-que-nada-diz-merkel/ (acesso em 18 de outubro de 2018).
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Forge, John. “A Note on the Definition of “Dual Use”.” Science and Engineering Ethics 16 (2010): 111-118.
Hymans, J.E.C., e M. S. Gratias. “Iran and the nuclear threshold.” The Nonproliferation Review 20, nº 1 (2013).
International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA and Iran: chronology of key events. 2019. https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/iran/chronology-of-key-events (acesso em 7 de January de 2020).
International Atomic Energy Agency. “Verification and monitoring in the Islamic Republic of Iran in light of United Nations Security Council resolution 2231 (2015).” 2018.
“Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.” 2015.
Jones, P. “Learning to live with a nuclear Iran.” The Nonproliferation Review 19, nº 2 (2012).
Krzyzaniak, J. “No, Iran didn’t exit the nuclear deal. And no, its nuclear announcement is not revenge for Soleimani.” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 6 de January de 2020. https://thebulletin.org/2020/01/no-iran-didnt-exit-the-nuclear-deal-and-no-its-nuclear-announcement-is-not-revenge-for-soleimani/ (acesso em 10 de January de 2020).
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Leães, Ricardo Fagundes. “O sucesso das negociações do programa nuclear iraniano.” Conjuntura Austral 6, nº 31 (2015).
Litwak, Robert. Iran’s Nuclear Chess: After the Deal. Washington: Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars, 2015.
Milani, A. “What the Soleimani killing means for the Iran nuclear deal.” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 5 de January de 2020. https://thebulletin.org/2020/01/what-the-soleimani-killing-means-for-the-iran-nuclear-deal/ (acesso em 10 de January de 2020).
Mineiro, Michael. Space Technology Export Controls and International Cooperation in Outer Space. New York: Springer, 2012.
Missile Defense Project. ““Missiles of Iran”.” Missile Threat, Center for Strategic and International Studies. 14 de June de 2018. https://missilethreat.csis.org/country/iran/ (acesso em 9 de January de 2020).
Nakashima, Ellen, e Joby Warrick. ““Stuxnet was work of US and Israeli experts, officials say”.” The Washington Post, 2 de June de 2012.
Office of Technology Assessment. Technologies Underlying Weapons of Mass Destruction. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993.
Rocha, Antônio Jorge Ramalho da, e Pérola Mourão de Souza Sardo de Abreu Pereira. “. Iran Talks: Das palavras aos atos. A Declaração de Teerã e o Plano de Ação Conjunto de Genebra em perspectiva.” Contexto internacional 36, nº 2 (2014).
Sebenus, James K., e Michael K. Singh. “Is a Nuclear Deal with Iran possible?: An Analytical Framework for the Iran Nuclear negotiations.” International Security 37, nº 3 (2012).
Sherrill, C. W. “Why Iran Wants the Bomb and what it means for US Policy.” The Nonproliferation Review 19, nº 1 (2012).
United States Department of State. “A report on the international control of atomic energy.” Publication 2498, 1946.
””. “The Acheson-Lilienthal & Baruch Plans, 1946.” Office of the Historian. 2016. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/baruch-plans (acesso em 28 de Janeiro de 2016).
Waltz, Kenneth N. “Why Iran should get the bomb: nuclear balancing would mean stability.” Foreign Affairs, jul./aug. de 2012.
Zarif, Javad. ““We have NOT violated the #JCPOA. Para 36 of the accord illustrates why: We triggered & exhausted para 36 after US withdrawal. We gave E3+2 a few weeks while reserving our right. We finally took action after 60 weeks. As soon as E3 abide by their obligati.” Twitter: @JZarif. 1 de Jule de 2019.
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Published
2020-07-01
How to Cite
Gontijo, Raquel, and Luiza Elena Januário. 2020. “The Iranian Nuclear Program and the Non-Proliferation Regime: Dilemmas for the Future”. Meridiano 47 - Journal of Global Studies 21 (July). https://doi.org/10.20889/M47e21007.
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