Classification of Cybercrimes in GCC Countries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v16i1.48885Schlagworte:
Cybercrimes. GCC. Arab Countries. Computer Crimes.Abstract
[Purpose] For the time being, one of the most cyber resilient countries not only in the Middle East, but worldwide is Kingdom of Saudi Arabia alongside with the United Arab Emirates that pioneered the criminalization of computer-related offences. The question is what country has evolved enough thought years and may set an example in order to reform other Arab legislation.
[Methodology/Approach/Design] This study is a description investigation of cybercrimes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, the Kingdom of Bahrain, the Sultanate of Oman, the State of Qatar and the State of Kuwait mainly based on genetic, systematic-functional and systematization methods. Data on features of translation, as well as legal framework of GCC members and comparison of provisions of the Budapest convention on cybercrime and the Arab convention on combatting information technology offences summarized in Tables.
[Findings] Not only does the terminology in Arab states vary from conventional approach, but the structure and categories are atypical in contrast to international documents such as the Budapest convention on cybercrime. Since there is no unity within even 6 members of Gulf Cooperation Council, it calls for harmonization and either update of the Arab Convention on combating information technology offences or implementing the GCC Model Law (Riyad Document).
Downloads
Literaturhinweise
Aissani R. (2022). Anti-Cyber and information technology crimes laws and legislation in the GCC countries: A comparative analysis study of the laws of the UAE, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 25(1), 1–14.
Al Amir S. (2022). Sharjah records 70 per cent rise in cyber crime in two years. https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/2022/07/22/sharjah-records-70-per-cent-rise-in-cybercrime-in-two-years/.
Al Amir S. (2022). More than 25,000 cybercrimes reported last year, say Dubai Police. https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/2022/08/24/more-than-25000-cybercrimes-reported-last-year-say-dubai-police.
Al-Assoumi N.A. Crime and Punishment under the Criminal Law of Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates [Doctoral dissertation, RUDN University]. RUDN repository. https://repository.rudn.ru/ru/records/dissertation/record/46031/.
Alabdulatif A. (2018). Cybercrime and analysis of laws in Kingdome of Saudi Arabia: Science in Information System Security [Master’s thesis, University of Houston]. Houston Repository. https://uh-ir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/10657/3107/ALABDULATIF-THESIS-2018.pdf?sequence=1.
Altaher N. (2016). UAE a target of 5 per cent of global cyber attacks. https://gulfnews.com/uae/crime/uae-a-target-of-5-per-cent-of-global-cyber-attacks-1.1826610.
Amrutha A. (2017). ATT(H)ack-Anti-Cyber Crime Law in Saudi Arabia. https://www.stalawfirm.com/en/blogs/view/atthack-anti-cyber-crime-law-in-saudi-arabia.html.
Billah M. M. (2018). Sufficiency of Omani Laws to Suppress Cybercrimes in Light of the un Comprehensive Study on Cybercrimes. Arab Law Quarterly, 32(2), 158–184. https://doi.org/10.1163/15730255-12321010.
Elmasry T., Benni E., Patel J., aus dem Moore J.P. (2016). Digital Middle East: Transforming the region into a leading digital economy. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/middle-east-and-africa/digital-middle-east-transforming-the-region-into-a-leading-digital-economy.
General Directorate of Anti-Corruption and Economic and Electronic Security of the Kingdom of Bahrain. أنواع الجرائم الإلكتروني [Types of electronic crimes]. https://www.acees.gov.bh/cyber-crime/types-of-cybercrime/.
Imranuddin M. (2017). A Study of Cyber Laws in the United Arab Emirates [Master’s thesis, Rochester Institute of Technology (Dubai Campus)]. Rochester Institute of Technology Repository. https://scholarworks.rit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=10766&context=theses.
ITU. (2020). Global Cybersecurity Index 2020. https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itud/opb/str/D-STR-GCI.01-2021-PDF-E.pdf.
Masadeh A. M. S. Combating Cyber Crimes — Legislative Approach — A comparative Study (Qatar, UAE, UK). https://www.almeezan.qa/ReferenceFiles.aspx?id=54&type=doc&language=en.
Mathias Rohe. (2009). Das islamische Recht: Geschichte und Gegenwart. C.H. Beck.
Mishaal Abdullah bin Hussein. (2009). Special Report of the Computer Incident Response Center on Information Technology Crimes 2008-2009. https://elaws.moj.gov.ae/UAE-MOJ_Fokeh/15_العدد%20الرابع/UAE-MOJ_تقرير%20مركز%20الإستجابة%20لطوارئ%20الحاسب%20الآلي%20لجرائم%20تقنية%20المعلومات.html?val=UAE-FokehAA1.
Salem F., Fiscbach T. (2017). Cybercrime and the Digital Economy in the GCC Countries. Chatham House.
The Gulf Centre for Human Rights. (2018). Mapping Cybercrime Laws and Violations of Digital Rights in the Gulf and Neighbouring Countries. https://www.gc4hr.org/report/download/78.
Downloads
Veröffentlicht
Zitationsvorschlag
Ausgabe
Rubrik
Lizenz
Copyright (c) 2024 Law, State and Telecommunications Review
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International.
By submitting this paper to the Law, State and Telecommunications Review,
I hereby declare that I agree to the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
