Un Un análisis crítico de la Hipótesis de la Maduración a partir del estudio de la adquisición de la construcción pasiva

Autores

  • Fernando Carranza

Palavras-chave:

adquisición, pasiva, maduración, frequency

Resumo

Existen distintos tipos de teorías para dar cuenta de la adquisición del lenguaje. Entre ellas podemos destacar la propuesta de la Continuidad de Pinker (1984, 1989), la Propuesta de la Discontinuidad de Tomasello (2000) y la Propuesta de la Maduración de Borer y Wexler (1987). En este squib, se ponen a prueba estos tres enfoques a la luz del estudio de la adquisición de la construcción pasiva, que, según gran parte de la bibliografía, emerge tardíamente alrededor de los 4 o 5 años. Puede adjudicarse este retraso a al menos tres factores: (i) la complejidad semántico-pragmática de la construcción; (ii) la necesidad de la maduración previa de ciertos principios innatos y (iii) la frecuencia en los estímulos lingüísticos. Si bien (i) y (iii) son compatibles tanto con la teoría de la Continuidad como con la de la Discontinuidad, la Teoría de la Maduración es solamente compatible con (ii). En este trabajo se relevan estudios sobre la adquisición de la pasiva que brindan argumentos en contra de (i) y, especialmente, de (ii) y se demuestra que la Teoría de la Maduración, o bien no es correcta, o bien no ha sabido dar aún una versión convincente. Se concluye que son preferibles las teorías compatibles con (iii), esto es, con las teorías de la Continuidad y de la Discontinuidad.

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Publicado

12.12.2017